一种图像内容可恢复的脆弱水印算法

提出一种图像内容可恢复的脆弱水印算法,采用数字签名的MD5算法提取分块图像的特征值生成水印.在恢复系统中,恢复比特来源于原图压缩后的数据并将此数据嵌入到图像的最低有效位以实现自恢复.实验结果表明：该算法简单,安全性高,不但具有检测篡改的能力,而且能够对被篡改区域进行修复;对局部发生的篡改可以有效地检测和精确定位,能够有效地抵抗拼贴攻击.     

一种基于SPIHT编码的自恢复脆弱水印算法

文章提出了基于SPIHT编码的图像自恢复脆弱水印算法,它对宿主图像进行SPIHT编码得到恢复水印,由宿主图像第三层小波变换的低频带系数的大小关系产生认证水印。对恢复水印与认证水印进行置乱与纠错编码后嵌入到原灰度图像位平面编码的低两位。通过实验仿真证明该算法能定位图像篡改的位置,且能恢复出被篡改位置的真实图像内容。     

可恢复的脆弱数字水印图像认证算法

提出一种用于图像内容认证和保护的脆弱数字图像水印算法。本算法新颖之处是在图像中嵌入定位和恢复两种水印,通过两种水印的提取检测,不但可以定位图像中的任何细微篡改,还可恢复被篡改的图像数据;此外,算法采用由密钥控制水印的生成和检测,保证了水印的安全性和保密性;经实验验证,该算法不但可以有效地检测出图像中被篡改数据的位置,而且能较好的恢复被篡改的区域。     

可恢复篡改内容的高精度图像认证水印算法

针对目前半脆弱水印算法在篡改定位和篡改恢复性能方面存在的不足,本文提出了一种高精度图像认证的半脆弱双水印算法。该算法利用认证水印对图像进行认证、定位篡改,利用恢复水印重构被篡改图像。实验结果证明,该算法对图像具有很好的篡改定位能力,并能有效地恢复篡改内容。     

一种基于图像内容的自恢复水印算法

文章提出了基于嵌入式小波编码的图像自恢复脆弱水印算法,它利用零树结构对自身图像分块进行压缩编码,得到自相关数据,再进行分块置乱后嵌入到原灰度图像位平面编码的低两位。通过实验仿真证明该算法既能对篡改图像的恶意操作具有很强的识别能力,又能恢复出被篡改位置的真实图像内容。     

基于内容特征的视频半脆弱水印算法

相比数字图像水印,在采用半脆弱水印技术进行视频内容认证时,由于嵌入水印量比较大,对算法的运行速度提出了更高的要求。本文改进了基于亮度分块的数字视频空域半脆弱水印算法,能保持水印的鲁棒性不变,且提高了水印的嵌入速度。基于相邻亮度分块的平均值大小关系在非恶意操作前后保持不变的特点,本文运用改进算法生成水印序列,并在时域上将水印嵌入DCT系数中。该算法具有不涉及具体编码格式,无需原视频参与认证,快速定位篡改区域的优点。仿真实验结果表明水印嵌入达到了18.37MB/s的速度,对画质影响不可见,实验结果同时证明了算法具有良好的实时性。     

基于自嵌入水印算法的彩色图像篡改恢复

提出了一种用于实现彩色图像篡改后图像检测和恢复的自嵌入水印算法。图像信息生成认证比特和恢复比特作为水印被嵌入原图像。认证比特通过提取图像块经过哈希变换后的特征值生成;恢复比特通过提取图像块的压缩编码得到。通过比较图像块中提取的哈希值和被嵌入水印中的认证比特,可以判断图像是否被篡改,如果图像块被篡改则可以通过提取水印中的恢复比特用于图像块的恢复。实验结果表明该算法有效性高,具有检测彩色图像是否被篡改的能力,并实现篡改图像的恢复。     

基于intDCT和扩展嵌入的可逆脆弱认证水印研究

可逆音频水印能够在水印信息提取后无损恢复原始音频载体,可用于完整性认证和篡改识别。通过使用整数离散余弦变换(integer discrete cosine transform,intDCT)和扩展嵌入技术,提出了一种可逆脆弱音频水印认证算法。发现了音频帧在经过intDCT变换、幅度扩展嵌入和intDCT逆变换后会出现较大的失真,详细分析了失真的成因并提出了解决对策;在DCT域,通过对高频部分分别应用差分扩展和预测误差扩展两种嵌入策略,设计了两种可用于音频完整性认证的可逆脆弱水印方案。实验结果表明所提出的算法具有较小的嵌入失真和满意的嵌入容量,能够很好地进行完整性认证和篡改定位。     

一种基于分块DCT变换的三维网格模型半脆弱水印算法

半脆弱水印可区分恶意攻击和正常数据处理,具有更广泛的适用性,但目前已提出的算法大多只能容忍少数类型的网格正常处理。文中提出了一种基于内容认证的半脆弱水印算法,网格分割后水印隐藏在各分块的DCT变换域系数中,网格被非法篡改时,通过匹配提取出的水印序列与原始水印序列可定位出篡改位置。实验结果表明,算法嵌入的半脆弱水印可容忍多种类型的网格正常数据处理,如网格RST相似变换和低强度的顶点坐标值量化处理,同时对恶意攻击表现敏感,可较准确的定位出篡改位置,并能以直观的可视化形式做出标记。     

基于图像变换域的双重数字水印方法

基于变换域的双重数字水印方法,通过嵌入鲁棒水印和脆弱水印实现了图像内容版权保护和完整性认证的双重目的.其优点是利用小波变换,分块、适应性嵌入鲁棒水印,在图像的高频和低频中分别嵌入鲁棒水印,使鲁棒水印更加强壮;同时它利用离散余弦变换,在图像的高频部分嵌入脆弱水印,使脆弱水印在遭受攻击或篡改时更易被损坏.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.