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1.
J. Nemati G. H. Majzoobi S. Sulaiman B. T. H. T. Baharudin M. A. Azmah Hanim 《矿物冶金与材料学报》2015,22(4):395-404
The purpose of this investigation was to refine the grains of annealed 6063 aluminum alloy and to improve its yield stress and ultimate strength. This was accomplished via the equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) process at a temperature of 200℃ using route A, with a constant ram speed of 30 mm/min through a die angle of 90° between the die channels for as many as 6 passes. The experiments were conducted on an Avery universal testing machine. The results showed that the grain diameter decreased from 45 μm to 2.8 μm after 6 extrusion passes. The results also indicated that the major improvement in fatigue resistance occurred after the first pass. The subsequent passes improved the fatigue life but at a considerably lower rate. A maximum increase of 1100% in the case of low applied stresses and an approximately 2200% increase in fatigue resistance in the case of high applied stresses were observed after 5 passes. The improvement of fatigue resistance is presumed to be due to (1) a reduction in the size and the number of Si crystals with increasing number of ECAE passes, (2) the aggregation of Cu during the ECAE process, (3) the formation and growth of CuAl2 grains, and (4) grain refinement of the Al-6063 alloy during the ECAE process. 相似文献
2.
ZE10 magnesium alloy was subjected to equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) up to 12 passes in a die with an angle of 120° between the two channels at 250-300℃. An inhomogeneous microstructure of bimodal grains including fine grains of 1-2 μm as well as coarse grains of about 20μm was obtained after the initial 1-4 ECAP passes. The grain size became increasingly homogeneous with further ECAP processing and the grains were significantly refined to 1-2 ktm after 8 passes and further refined to 0.5-1 μm after 12 passes. The alloy's yield strength changed slightly but the ductility improved greatly initially up to 4-6 passes corresponding to the bimodal grain microstructure. And after the subsequent pressing of more than 8 passes, the tensile strength including yield strength improved while the elongation decreased gradually. 相似文献
3.
为了获得较细的晶粒,采用等通道角挤压(ECAP)变形的方法对5083铝合金按A和B两种方式进行变形;变形后两种样品用背散射电子衍射(EBSD)技术进行测定,获得了极图、反极图、取向差分布、晶粒尺寸等实验结果.结果表明:5083铝合金按A方式晶粒细化效果强于B方式,而B方式织构面积及织构强度都大于A路径. 相似文献
4.
采用模角Φ=120°的模具,以BC方式(两次挤压道次之间试样绕纵轴沿同一方向转动90°进行下一道次挤压)在室温下成功实现了工业纯钛8道次等径弯曲通道变形(ECAP),对挤压过程中各道次试样的微观结构及性能进行了分析测试. 结果表明:工业纯钛经8道次ECAP变形后,抗拉强度由407 MPa升高到791 MPa;显微硬度由1 588 MPa升高到2 641 MPa;并保持良好的塑性,伸长率为19%. 相似文献
5.
A two-step equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) procedure was used to process pure Mg. The effects of ECAE processing temperature on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behavior of pure Mg were studied. The results show that the average grain size of pure Mg decreases with decreasing extrusion temperature. After ECAE processing at 473 K, fine and equiaxed grains (~9 μm) are obtained. The sample processed at 473 K exhibits the excellent mechanical properties, whereas the sample processed at 633 K has the lowest corrosion rate. The improved corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of pure Mg by ECAE are ascribed to grain refinement and microstructural modification. 相似文献
6.
Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) is a prominent technique that imposes severe plastic deformation into materials to enhance their mechanical properties. In this research, experimental and numerical approaches were utilized to investigate the mechanical properties, strain behavior, and damage prediction of ECAPed 7025 aluminum alloy in various conditions, such as die channel angle, outer corner angle, and friction coefficient. Experimental results indicate that, after the first pass, the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and hardness magnitude are improved by approximately 95%, 28%, and 48.5%, respectively, compared with the annealed state, mainly due to grain refinement during the deformation. Finite element analysis shows that the influence of die channel angle is more important than that of outer corner angle or friction coefficient on both the strain behavior and the damage prediction. Also, surface cracks are the main cause of damage during the ECAP process for every die channel angle except for 90°; however, the cracks initiated from the neighborhood of the central regions are the possible cause of damage in the ECAPed sample with the die channel angle of 90°. 相似文献
7.
研究材料微观组织的演化对应力、应变以及应变硬化等问题的影响,是实现等径角挤压成形技术的关键.以纯铝为例,基于位错演化模型,利用有限元分析方法对纯铝的等径角挤压变形行为进行了数值仿真,分析了挤压过程中材料应力、应变以及应变硬化的演化趋势及分布规律.结果表明:随着挤压道次增加,纯铝中等效应力逐渐增加,这导致材料中位错密度的增加;随着位错密度的增加,主应变最大值随后续挤压道次的增加呈增大趋势.因此,考虑等径角挤压过程中的位错演化等材料微观组织演化规律,对材料的实际挤压成形有指导作用. 相似文献
8.
工业纯铝等径弯曲通道变形过程的数值模拟 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
等径弯曲通道变形(Equal ChannelAngularPressing简称ECAP)由于能直接制备块状超细晶材料而备受关注。通过对工业纯铝的ECAP变形过程进行有限元数值模拟,获得了变形过程的载荷变化规律和等效应变分布规律,并用坐标网格法对模拟结果进行了实验验证。在摩擦条件下,试样中区下表面的等效应变最大,至上表面处等效应变为最小。而在无摩擦理想情况下,其等效应变分布恰好相反,这可能是由于试样在ECAP变形过程中所受应力场和应变场的不同引起的。 相似文献
9.
等径角挤压对纯铜组织与性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究采用BC路径(即试样进入下一道次挤压时按同一方向旋转90°)对纯铜进行等径角挤压后得到的组织与性能.结果表明,通过室温下对纯铜的8道次挤压后,得到均匀、细小的等轴晶组织(晶粒尺寸约1.5μm).抗拉强度从原来的235 MPa提高到420 MPa,硬度从114 HV提高到184.3 HV,延伸率由原来的45%降低到19%.通过对不同挤压道次试样在473 K下60 min的退火处理后,其晶粒进一步细化至1μm,其抗拉强度提高到435 MPa. 相似文献
10.
等通道转角挤压对铝青铜力学性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用等通道转角挤压(ECAE)工艺对铝青铜(Cu 10%Al 4%Fe)进行热处理,研究了ECAE处理工艺中预热温度、挤压道次及退火处理对铝青铜外观形貌、微观组织及力学性能的影响.结果表明:在650 °C的预热温度下,铝青铜可以顺利通过ECAE挤压通道;随着ECAE挤压道次从1增至4,铝青铜的显微硬度、屈服强度及延伸率显著增加;经500 °C退火60 min处理后,铝青铜的力学性能最佳. 相似文献
11.
为获得性能良好的超细晶镁合金材料,采用等通道转角挤压工艺对稀土Mg—Mn—Zn—Ce合金进行塑性加工,研究了速度、温度和润滑条件对合金的挤压工艺以及性能的影响。实验结果表明:对于稀土Mg—Mn—Zn-Ce合金,等通道转角挤压的润滑剂为7025高温润滑脂,速度2mm/s,第一道次的挤压温度为250℃,第二道次的挤压温度为270℃。该工艺条件使等通道转角挤压能够顺利进行,可获得表面光滑平整、晶粒组织细化的稀土Mg—Mn—Zn—Ce合金。 相似文献
12.
等通道转角挤压后AZ31镁合金的微观结构与性能 总被引:25,自引:2,他引:25
为了进一步探讨细晶镁合金的制备方法与性能 ,采用模角φ =12 0°的模具、以BC路径对AZ31镁合金进行了等通道转角挤压试验研究 ,对挤压过程中各道次试样的微观结构及性能进行了分析测试 .结果表明 ,随着挤压道次的增加 ,晶粒得到不断细化 ,力学性能也发生显著的变化 ;当挤压 12道次时 ,总的等效应变量约为 8,晶粒得到显著细化 ,晶粒尺寸为 1~ 5μm ,但合金的抗拉强度变化不大 ,屈服强度则有所下降 ,约为 10 0MPa ,延伸率则提高到 4 5 %以上 相似文献
13.
该文研究平面简单切变过程中切应变的计算。从无穷小变形条件下应变的定义出发,提出了大变形时真实切应变的概念。对切应变主轴不变的平面简单切变过程,通过无穷小应变的积分,导出了真实切应变计算公式。将该公式应用于等径弯曲通道变形中真应变的计算,与直接分析试件的几何变形得出的计算公式完全相同,而且与实验测定的真实等效应变吻合很好。 相似文献
14.
为改善5083铝合金的力学性能,先后对其进行一道次等通道转角挤压处理及再结晶退火处理,再进行拉伸实验,分析变形温度、变形速率对合金伸长率和抗拉强度的影响,并观察合金的断口形貌.结果表明,在拉伸温度为100℃,应变速率为6.67×10-4 s-1时,合金的抗拉强度最高,达到319.7 MPa;当拉伸温度为300℃,应变速率为1.67×10-4 s-1时,合金的伸长率最大,达到75.8%.在拉伸变形过程中,合金出现应变硬化和应变软化现象,并且伴随有锯齿形流变现象.拉伸试样的断裂形式宏观表现为韧性断裂,微观形式为穿晶断裂,断口形貌由韧窝组成.随着变形温度的升高,韧窝的数量增多,尺寸变大,分布变均匀. 相似文献
15.
两步等通道角挤压AZ31镁合金的微观组织和力学性能 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对AZ31镁合金经等通道角挤压(ECAE)变形后的微观组织和力学性能进行了研究.结果表明:在498-523K温度范围内变形后,合金晶粒随着变形程度增加明显细化,延伸率提高,但屈服强度降低;随着变形温度降低,变形后合金的延伸率下降,而屈服强度有所提高.基于以上两点规律提出了两步ECAE工艺,在两步ECAE变形过程中,AZ31合金的变形温度可以降低至453K,经两步ECAE变形后,获得亚微米级的亚结构AZ31镁合金的强韧性随之得到明显的改善. 相似文献
16.
低碳钢等径弯曲通道变形数值模拟及组织分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对低碳钢等径弯曲通道变形进行了数值模拟,并分析了它的显微组织.通过有限元数值模拟,获得了低碳钢成形等径弯曲通道变形载荷的变化规律和等效应变分布规律.载荷模拟结果表明,摩擦因子越大,变形载荷也越大,当摩擦因子为0.408时,其成形载荷约为无摩擦时的2.1倍,载荷数值模拟与实验结果基本相吻合.此外,结合所揭示的等效应变分布特点,对一道次等径弯曲通道变形后试样横截面上的微观组织分布进行了分析,表明下表面处的材料晶粒细化程度比上表面处的大,因此这种分布特点与等效应变分布是相互一致的. 相似文献
17.
强化固溶态2024铝合金ECAP加工后的拉伸性能 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在室温下对经强化固溶处理的2024铝合金实施了等效应变为0.5的等通道转角挤压(ECAP),将强化固溶、形变、时效和晶界细化四者有机结合,制备出超高强铝合金,其硬度、屈服强度、伸长率分别高达约191HV,610MPa和13%.强度-结构关系的定量计算表明,ECAP变形过程中所引入的位错,其对强度提升的贡献高达整个强度提高值的62.2%.研究结果还表明,强化固溶→低温ECAP变形→低温人工时效是提升常规铝合金的强度、制取超高强铝合金的一条有效途径。 相似文献
18.
摩擦阻力对纯铝在等径弯角挤压过程中变形的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
室温下对纯铝试样进行了等径弯角挤压(ECAE),通过对挤压后纯铝试样的宏观变形及微观形貌分析,探讨了ECAE过程中模具内壁与试样之间的摩擦阻力对试样变形的影响,得到了滞变区比例与挤压位移之间的关系.结果表明:挤压过程中试样在模具通道内角点附近形成难变形区;在模具通道外角点形成变形死区;试样的芯部变形比较均匀,为明显的剪切变形;受摩擦阻力的影响,试样顶部和底部均出现了滞变区,该区域呈轴对称分布且沿试样长度方向逐渐向试样芯部扩展;滞变区比例随挤压的进行而增大. 相似文献
19.
The effect of equal channel angular pressing(ECAP) at different temperatures(room temperature, 120,150 and 180 °C) on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-7075 solid solution alloy was investigated. Microstructure of the specimens was examined using orientation imaging microscopy,transmission electron microscopy as well as X-ray diffractometer, and mechanical properties were measured by Vickers microhardness and tensile tests. Microstructural investigations showed that after3 or 4 passes of ECAP, fi ne grains with average grain sizes in range of 300–1000 nm could be obtained at different ECAP temperatures. Increasing ECAP temperature from 120 to 180 °C caused a decrease in mechanical properties as a result of increasing grains and precipitates sizes, decreasing fraction of high angle boundaries and also transformation of η′ into η phase, while increasing ECAP temperature from RT to 120 °C leads to an increase in mechanical properties due to the formation of small η′ precipitates. So it can be concluded that ECAP process at 120 °C is the optimum process for attaining maximum mechanical properties. Quantitative estimates of various strengthening mechanisms revealed that the improvement of mechanical properties was mainly attributed to grain re fi nement strengthening, precipitation strengthening and dislocation strengthening. 相似文献
20.
为了解不同道次等通道转角挤压(ECAP)对材料拉伸屈服和硬化的作用,以纯铜棒材试样为研究对象,实验研究了经多道次ECAP后材料的单轴拉伸屈服和硬化行为,并进一步探讨了退火对ECAP后材料力学性能的影响,得到以下结论:①挤压道次相同的情况下,经退火/空冷处理后材料硬化更为充分;②一道次挤压对材料的硬化作用远大于后续道次;③在材料挤压后实施了退火的情形,四道次后的挤压对材料不再有明显的硬化作用.这一研究有助于人们更深入地了解ECAP对材料力学行为的影响. 相似文献