2-氨基-4-甲基-5-甲酰乙氧基噻唑氢溴酸盐的合成

乙酰乙酸乙酯和液溴的四氯化碳溶液回流,溴代反应2 h后,减压蒸馏得到溴代乙酰乙酸乙酯,产率80.1%.将硫脲溶于乙醇中,加入溴代乙酰乙酸乙酯进行环合反应12 h,通过减压蒸馏、重结晶进行分离提纯得到2-氨基-4-甲基-5-甲酰乙氧基噻唑氢溴酸盐.用元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、质谱等方法对合成产物进行了表征,证明所得到的产物具有预期的结构.     

脱氢松香基12位芳基取代衍生物的合成与光学性质

以歧化松香为原料,将其纯化得到脱氢松香酸,用硫酸二甲酯酯化后,通过12位溴代、7位氧化、13位硝化得到7-羰基-12-溴-13-硝基脱氢松香酸甲酯(5),5与4种芳基硼酸经钯催化的Suzuki交叉偶联反应,得到一系列脱氢松香基12位芳基取代衍生物。采用核磁共振谱、质谱、红外光谱等测试技术对产物进行了结构表征,并对其紫外光谱、荧光光谱等光学性质进行了初步的研究。     

1-烷基-2,3-二甲基咪唑溴盐的合成及表征

以1,2-二甲基咪唑和溴代烷烃为原料,合成了5种离子液体中间体1-烷基-2,3-二甲基咪唑溴盐.讨论了反应时间、反应温度和原料摩尔比对产物收率的影响,得到最佳的条件是:溴代烷烃与1,2-二甲基咪唑以1.1∶1(摩尔比)的比例,在90℃下反应24 h.产物结构经IR和1H-NMR确证,得出结论:阳离子烷基链长度的增加会使3 100~3 000 cm-1波数范围内谱带减弱,降低离子液体的熔点,而对咪唑环上质子化学位移影响不大.     

药物中间体β-卤代苯乙胺的简便合成

发展了一条高效、简单的药物中间体β-卤代苯乙胺的合成方法.二苄胺和溴乙酸乙酯作为起始原料,经历取代、加成、催化氢化、氯代和酰化5步反应,以中等产率制备得到目标产物2-乙酰氨基-3-氯-3-(4-甲氧基苯基)丙酸乙酯,对合成过程中的中间产物及目标产物的制备进行了条件优化,确定了最佳反应路线,同时还通过熔点、核磁共振氢谱和碳谱对目标产物进行了表征.此合成方法为含多官能化苯乙胺结构的药物分子的合成提供了一种便利途径.     

2-烯-1,4-二酮及其衍生物的合成及晶体结构

通过对三取代-2-烯-1,4-二酮及其衍生物进行了探索合成。在环戊二烯基三苯基膦氯化镍[C_5H_6(PPh_3)NiCl]作用下,由N-甲基-N-苯(/4-甲基苯基)甲酰基亚甲基苯胺与1,3–二苯基-1,3-丙二酮在二氯乙烷(DCE)介质中发生Knoevenagel交叉偶联反应,得到α位具有三个羰基的乙烯化合物,即三取代2-烯-1,4-二酮。同时,对上述产物与胺类亲核试剂进行了自动串联催化反应的探索合成,并摸索条件进行优化。通过核磁共振氢谱、核磁共振碳谱及X-单晶衍射等手段对合成产物的结构进行了表征,证明了合成方法的可靠性。     

5H-茚并[1,2-b]吡啶的某些5-取代衍生物的合成

报告了文题化合物的合成方法。实验结果表明,5-溴-5H-茚并[1,2-b]吡啶(Ⅱ)的溴原子比较活泼,可被多种亲核试剂所取代。溴代物与含活泼亚甲基的丙二酸二乙酯反应,溴被(二乙氧羰基-)甲基取代,经水解,生成5-(二羧基-甲基)-5H-茚并[1,2-b]吡啶(Ⅳ),再经脱羧,即转化成5-羧甲基-5H-茚并(1,2-b)吡啶(Ⅴ)。溴代物与饱和环状仲胺哌啶反应,溴被哌啶子基取代,生成5-哌啶子基-5H茚并(1,2-b)吡啶(Ⅶ)。溴代物与芳胺类化合物邻-氨基苯甲酸酯反应,溴被N-芳胺基取代,生成5-(邻-烷氧羰基苯胺基)-5H-茚并[1,2-b]吡啶(Ⅷ)和5-(邻-烷氧羰基苯亚胺基)-5H-茚并[1,2-b]吡啶(IX)。所得各种反应产物,均经波谱分析得以证实。     

微波及超声波辅助合成溴化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑

用溴代正丁烷与N-甲基咪唑,在微波辐射和超声波协同作用下合成离子液体溴化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑,通过正交试验设计方法考察实验条件最高温度,合成反应时间,微波功率和超声波功率对合成产率的影响,优选得到最佳的合成所需要的实验条件:超声波功率100 W、微波功率400W、反应时间60min和最高温度60℃.溴化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑的结构通过红外光谱进行表征.在超声波和微波的协调作用下,此反应具有合成反应所需时间短,合成产物产率高,实验操作过程简便等优点.     

溴化1-己基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体的制备

1:本文以N-甲基咪唑和1-溴代己烷为原料合成溴化1-己基-3-甲基咪唑[HMI]Br,研究了反应时间、反应温度及N-甲基咪唑与1-溴代己烷的摩尔比(原料比)对[HMI]Br收率的影响。结果表明:在反应温度80℃,原料比为1:1.3时,其收率分别达到最大值89.18%和92.40%,产物经核磁共振进行了验证。     

(R)和(S)-4-甲基-1-壬醇的合成研究

（R）和（S）－4－甲基－1－壬醇是黄粉虫（Tenebrio molitorL.）雌性性引诱信息素,以天然樟脑衍生物莰烷－10,2－磺内酰胺为原料,在有或无Cul催化条件下以巴豆酰基鞭莰烷－10,2－磺内酰胺的不对称Michael加成反应为关键步骤对该信息素进行了合成,其加成产物（3 ′R）和（3′S）－N－3′－甲基辛酰基莰烷－10,2－磺内酰胺以LiAlH4^-还原断裂及HBr溴化反应后,再经3－甲基辛基溴化镁与甲醛反应即合成出目标产物（R）和（S）－4－甲基－1－壬醇,全合成总产率可42％,目标产物对映异构体纯度可达96％e,e此合成法具有步骤短、产率高及手性助剂可回收利用等优点。     

3,3-二甲基-N-乙基-5-氯-6'-溴-8'-硝基苯并螺吡喃的合成

从小分子出发, 合成一种新的螺吡喃, 3,3-二甲基-N-乙基-5-氯-6'-溴-8'-硝基苯并螺吡喃.通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振等手段对合成的部分中间体和目标产物的结构进行表征,并应用紫外-可见吸收光谱对其光致变色性进行了研究.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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