裂解器的设计及其在电控发动机上的试验

为适应装车要求,并提高甲醇喷嘴的可靠性,研究设计了第三代甲醇裂解器．通过对裂解器外部形状的改进设计和采用独特的回醇冷却的方式,既满足了装车要求,又解决了甲醇喷嘴高温可靠性问题．同时,为了确保裂解气发动机的性能,在点燃式电控发动机上进行试验研究．结果表明：研制的第三代甲醇裂解器,发动机的动力性达到了与原机相当的水平;甲醇的当量燃料消耗率较汽油降低14．3％-30．7％;最小的甲醇与汽油的容积替换比为1．43．     

一种基于MC68HC08的摩托车电喷控制系统

根据摩托车发动机的工作原理,作者设计并调试完成了一个基于MC68HC08单片机的电喷控制系统,并应用该系统在台架上进行了单杠四冲程发动机CC125的匹配实验,较好地解决了发动机动力性、经济性及排放之间的矛盾．经实验测量表明,该电喷控制系统可以使摩托车发动机的功率提高10％左右,燃油消耗率降低15％左右,废气排放量减少20％左右．     

基于公用电话网的电控发动机远程诊断系统

为通过远程方式实现电控发动机的现场数据收集、故障诊断和实时状态调节．提出了使用公用电话网将终端车辆与服务中心相连接，运用传真通讯模式实现数字信号双向传输，并设计开发了由用户终端数据处理装置和服务器端数据处理装置组成的硬件系统，以及相应的控制软件和服务中心诊断软件．在实际的FAI电喷摩托车上测试该系统的功能及可靠性．使用该系统，服务中心能实时监测异地电控发动机的工作状态，提取其电控单元存储的任何信息，包括故障历史信息，并对发动机实施控制参数的远程调节．测试试验表明，所开发的远程诊断系统在电控发动机产品的研发和售后服务中能发挥重要的作用．     

柴油机高压共轨供油系统硬件在环仿真的设计

在对柴油机高压共轨电控供油系统进行分析的基础上，设计了硬件在环仿真系统．仿真系统的设计包括方案设计、硬件设计、软件设计、通信系统设计、发动机仿真模型的建立等．由于采用了CAN通信协议，系统的输入和输出全部可从PC机上得出，在减少设计成本的同时，提高了系统的灵活性．柴油机高压共轨电控供油系统的开发过程表明，运用硬件在环仿真系统进行硬件和软件的开发和测试，节约了开发成本，缩短了开发周期．     

电控喷射LPG发动机工作过程研究

江苏大学主持的“电控喷射LPG发动机工作过程研究”日前通过省科技厅组织的鉴定，LPG电控多点进气道顺序喷射，系统软件采用模块化技术编写，控制LPG的喷射量精确，响应速度快、抗干扰能力强，模块之间动态联接，便于维护管理并具有很好的扩展性能．该成果已应用于洛阳一拖集团生产的LR6105Q型柴油机，LPG电控系统采用控制油量超调的策略，可以精确控制各种工况的LPG掺烧量．提出了LPG-柴油双燃料发动机复合燃烧过程的概念，建立了计算模型，通过对放热规律、LPG掺烧比的计算和分析，阐明了负荷、转速、供油提前角和最佳LPG／柴油发动机空燃比对双燃料发动机排放及燃烧性能的影响规律。     

发动机燃油喷射系统电控单元设计

结合发动机电控技术和465Q发动机的具体情况，分析了465Q发动机燃油系统的基本结构，以INTEL的16位单片机为主芯片设计出相配套的电控单元硬件电路和软件控制系统。经运行仿真调试后，基本可以实现该发动机的喷油要求，为以后设计精确的发动机电控单元（ECU）提供一定的参考。     

柴油-液化气双燃料发动机电控单元的开发

对设计的双燃料发动机电子控制系统硬件结构、软件模块等进行了详细介绍．本系统利用硬件实现对液化气(LPG)喷射时刻的控制，而喷射脉宽的控制则是通过非易失性电位器X9221和单稳态触发器14538实现．单片机通过准I^2C总线实现与X9221通讯实时控制脉冲宽度．系统工作可靠，而且对单片机要求不高，用8位单片机实现了16位单片机的功能，降低了成本，而且发动机的动力性和经济性没有下降，排放烟度得到很大改善．     

降低火花点火发动机未燃碳氢方法的研究

开展了不同顶岸间隙时火花点火发动机未燃碳氢排放的实验研究，并对顶岸间隙宽度对发动机动力性和经济性的影响进行了分析，认为最佳的顶岸间隙宽度应为１．３倍双壁激冷厚度，在此条件下火焰将传播进顶岸间隙内，烧掉其内积蓄的未燃碳氢量，这样即能达到有效降低发动机排气未燃碳氢（排气碳氢下降３５％￣５０％），又不会对发动机的动力性和经济性产生较大影响（功率下降０．５％￣１．５％，燃料消耗率增加１％￣３％）。     

电控发动机微机控制故障模拟系统的研制

介绍了电控发动机微机控制故障模拟系统的组成和工作原理，阐述了微机控制故障模拟系统的微机控制单元，故障模拟电路和电路显示板的结构特征和设计。该系统是在原车基础上对发动机的微机系统进行线路改造，并另设一套微机控制故障模拟系统，微机控制故障模拟系统可不断重复产生发动机不同工况下传感器，执行器，控制单元，控制电路的各种模拟故障，为使用提供丰富的检测内容和便利的检测端口。     

NA20S化油器式汽油机电喷改造的研究

在介绍和分析发动机电喷控制系统原理的基础上，对NISSAN NA20S化油器式发动机进行了电喷改造研究。通过发动机的改进设计和电子控制汽油喷射系统的采用以及匹配实验，使该机的动力性和经济性明显改善，其排放已达到欧Ⅱ排放标准。本研究表明，在现有化油器式汽车上直接进行电喷改造是可行的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that