双色界面光孤子的特性研究

考虑双色光在带有周期性光格子的非线性波导界面处的传输特性,主要研究相位匹配条件及波导参数对表面光孤子的存在及稳定性的影响,并讨论如何通过波导参数调制对其进行全光控制.     

3阶色散对双折射光纤中光孤子全光开关的影响

运用分裂步长傅立叶方法数值模拟耦合非线性薛定谔方程,研究了双折射光纤中光孤子全光开关的性质.研究发现通过改变初始脉冲输入条件和双折射光纤参数可以实现光孤子全光开关的开和关,同时研究了3阶色散对双折射光纤中光孤子全光开关的影响,得出较大的3阶色散能够破坏光孤子的稳定性,进而对光孤子全光开关产生影响,而较小的3阶色散不会改变光孤子全光开关的性质.     

弱非局域介质中的高斯型空间光孤子

利用变分法研究了1＋1维傍轴高斯光束在弱非局域非线性介质中的传输特性,得到了光束各参量的演化方程以及空间孤子存在的条件,并对弱非局域非线性介质中的高斯型空间光孤子的稳定性进行了分析。     

高阶非线性对双折射光纤中亮孤子成形的影响

本文采用拉格朗日近似方法讨论了高阶非线性对双折射光纤中亮孤子传输特性的影响，给出了计入五阶非线性时入射到双折射光纤中的光脉冲演化成束缚亮孤子对的阈值条件．研究结果表明，与不计入高阶非线性的情形相比，正的高阶非线性减小入射脉冲演化成束缚亮孤子对的振幅阈值；负的高阶非线性的存在，不仅提高了入射脉冲演化成束缚亮孤子对的振幅阈值，而且还存在着入射脉冲演化成束缚亮孤子对的振幅上界.     

光纤孤立子与光孤子通信

光纤的一个重要特征:线性和非线性效应,如群速度色散效应和Kerr非线性效应.首先介绍了光孤子的概念,历史的研究,然后讨论了单模光纤中光孤子形成物理机制,比较了光孤子通信和光纤通信的优缺点,最后探讨了孤子间相互作用对光孤子通信系统的影响.     

干涉条纹抖动误差的消除方法探讨

针对不可避免的激光光束的指向误差带来的干涉条纹抖动,去除干涉图像高频部分从而找到干涉条纹抖动量并进行误差消除.在非局域空间光孤子大相移的测量实验中,运用此方法,成功地得到了消除激光器指向误差的相位随功率的变化图,从而实现了非局域空间光孤子大相移的测量.     

非局域MKdV方程平面波背景下的精确解

基于近年来Ablowitz和Musslimani提出的一些新的非局域非线性可积方程,包括非局域非线性MKdV方程,研究了一个带有反时空非局域MKdV方程的达布变换.首先,从一个特殊的Lax对出发,构造了非局部MKdV方程的谱问题.然后,利用N次达布变换得到了非局域MKdV方程的1-孤子解、2-孤子解和N-孤子解的公式,...     

非局域非线性介质中一个耦合系统的时空光孤子解

多维(2维和3维)孤子在光学中引起了许多人的关注,最重要的3维时空孤子常被称作"光弹". 已有结论证明了非局域非线性介质中一个耦合系统存在稳定3维时空孤子.应用一个辅助常微分方程,借助Maple软件,求得这个系统的时空光孤子解.结果表明,这个系统存在不同形式的包络孤子解.     

高阶色散和五阶非线性对类明孤子传输特性的影响

从修正的非线性薛定谔方程(MNLSE)出发,采用变分法,导出了在高阶色散和五阶非线性共同作用下类明孤子脉冲参数随传输距离的演化方程组;求出了振幅与脉宽、脉宽与啁啾之间的约束关系及脉宽随传输距离演化的解析解;分析讨论了光纤中高阶色散和五阶非线性共同作用对类明孤子传输特性的影响.     

含高阶色散效应的NLS方程的孤子解研究

在孤子传输系统中引进三阶色散微扰,根据非线性薛定谔(NLS)方程,利用变分法对有三阶色散效应扰动的光孤子在光纤中的传输情况进行了研究,并得出了孤子解.结果表明,三阶色散使孤子的中心位置和相位随传输距离作线性漂移,随着三阶色散系数的增大,这种漂移更加厉害,当其增大到一定程度,就会破坏孤子传输的稳定性,甚至导致孤子崩溃.     

Observation of two-dimensional discrete solitons in optically induced nonlinear photonic lattices

Nonlinear periodic lattices occur in a large variety of systems, such as biological molecules, nonlinear optical waveguides, solid-state systems and Bose-Einstein condensates. The underlying dynamics in these systems is dominated by the interplay between tunnelling between adjacent potential wells and nonlinearity. A balance between these two effects can result in a self-localized state: a lattice or 'discrete' soliton. Direct observation of lattice solitons has so far been limited to one-dimensional systems, namely in arrays of nonlinear optical waveguides. However, many fundamental features are expected to occur in higher dimensions, such as vortex lattice solitons, bright lattice solitons that carry angular momentum, and three-dimensional collisions between lattice solitons. Here, we report the experimental observation of two-dimensional (2D) lattice solitons. We use optical induction, the interference of two or more plane waves in a photosensitive material, to create a 2D photonic lattice in which the solitons form. Our results pave the way for the realization of a variety of nonlinear localization phenomena in photonic lattices and crystals. Finally, our observation directly relates to the proposed lattice solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates, which can be observed in optically induced periodic potentials.     

Observation of random-phase lattice solitons

The coherence of waves in periodic systems (lattices) is crucial to their dynamics, as interference effects, such as Bragg reflections, largely determine their propagation. Whereas linear systems allow superposition, nonlinearity introduces a non-trivial interplay between localization effects, coupling between lattice sites, and incoherence. Until recently, all research on solitary waves (solitons) in nonlinear lattices has involved only coherent waves. In such cases, linear dispersion or diffraction of wave packets can be balanced by nonlinear effects, resulting in coherent lattice (or 'discrete') solitons; these have been studied in many branches of science. However, in most natural systems, waves with only partial coherence are more common, because fluctuations (thermal, quantum or some other) can reduce the correlation length to a distance comparable to the lattice spacing. Such systems should support random-phase lattice solitons displaying distinct features. Here we report the experimental observation of random-phase lattice solitons, demonstrating their self-trapping and local periodicity in real space, in addition to their multi-peaked power spectrum in momentum space. We discuss the relevance of such solitons to other nonlinear periodic systems in which fluctuating waves propagate, such as atomic systems, plasmas and molecular chains.     

Direct observation of the discrete character of intrinsic localized modes in an antiferromagnet

In a strongly nonlinear discrete system, the spatial size of an excitation can become comparable to, and influenced by, the lattice spacing. Such intrinsic localized modes (ILMs)--also called 'discrete breathers' or 'lattice solitons'--are responsible for energy localization in the dynamics of discrete nonlinear lattices. Their energy profiles resemble those of localized modes of defects in a harmonic lattice but, like solitons, they can move (although, unlike solitons, some energy is exchanged during collisions between them). The manipulation of these localized energy 'hotspots' has been achieved in systems as diverse as annular arrays of coupled Josephson junctions, optical waveguide arrays, two-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystals and micromechanical cantilever arrays. There is also some evidence for the existence of localized excitations in atomic lattices, although individual ILMs have yet to be identified. Here we report the observation of countable localized excitations in an antiferromagnetic spin lattice by means of a nonlinear spectroscopic technique. This detection capability permits the properties of individual ILMs to be probed; the disappearance of each ILM registers as a step in the time-dependent signal, with the surprising result that the energy staircase of ILM excitations is uniquely defined.     

飞秒孤子的传输与色散管理研究

从描述飞秒光孤子传输的高阶非线性薛定谔方程出发,采用对称分步傅里叶变换对方程进行数值求解,模拟了飞秒孤子在光纤通信系统中的传输演化特性。结果表明,合理地配置光纤系统,可以极大地改善孤子的传输演化特性,降低飞秒孤子间的相互作用,从而飞秒孤子在密集色散管理光纤系统中能够很好地传输。     

Cavity solitons as pixels in semiconductor microcavities

Cavity solitons are localized intensity peaks that can form in a homogeneous background of radiation. They are generated by shining laser pulses into optical cavities that contain a nonlinear medium driven by a coherent field (holding beam). The ability to switch cavity solitons on and off and to control their location and motion by applying laser pulses makes them interesting as potential 'pixels' for reconfigurable arrays or all-optical processing units. Theoretical work on cavity solitons has stimulated a variety of experiments in macroscopic cavities and in systems with optical feedback. But for practical devices, it is desirable to generate cavity solitons in semiconductor structures, which would allow fast response and miniaturization. The existence of cavity solitons in semiconductor microcavities has been predicted theoretically, and precursors of cavity solitons have been observed, but clear experimental realization has been hindered by boundary-dependence of the resulting optical patterns-cavity solitons should be self-confined. Here we demonstrate the generation of cavity solitons in vertical cavity semiconductor microresonators that are electrically pumped above transparency but slightly below lasing threshold. We show that the generated optical spots can be written, erased and manipulated as objects independent of each other and of the boundary. Numerical simulations allow for a clearer interpretation of experimental results.     

平脉动孤波传输特性的研究

基于五次复系数Ginzburg-Landau方程,对平脉动孤波的传输特性进行了详细的研究,研究表明:平脉动孤波的传输特性对高阶非线性效应非常敏感,即使某参数改变很小的值,也会改变其周期特性;此外,一定值的三阶色散可以消除平脉动孤波的周期特性,使它变为形状保持不变的孤子继续传输;最后,当两相邻平脉动孤渡的间距小到一定程度时,它们之间就会产生强烈的相互作用,且采用不等相位输入法可以很好抑制这种相互作用,使两脉冲保持稳定的传输.     

非局域耦合带有自PT对称Schrdinger方程的N重达布变换

目前,关于非线性薛定谔方程的研究工作取得了巨大的成果,然而对于PT对称的非局域耦合薛定谔方程所做的研究比较少.主要研究非局域耦合薛定谔方程,我们从3×3 Lax对出发,利用达布变换的方法,得到新解与旧解之间的关系.经过复杂的计算,得到1-孤子解,2-孤子解以及N-孤子解计算公式.最后,利用画图软件,得到一些孤子演化图,其中包括亮孤子波解,呼吸波解和怪波.同时,显示了两孤子之间的弹性相互碰撞,它们的振幅在相互作用后,除了相移之外保持不变.     

无限非局域热非线性介质中高斯光束传输的变分研究

通过简化由薛定谔方程与泊松方程组成的耦合方程组,得到描述无限非局域热非线性系统所对应的拉格朗日密度,进而利用变分原理对高斯光束在该系统中的传输进行分析,得到高斯光束的束宽、振幅和波前曲率的演化方程,特别是利用势函数分析了形成空间孤子的条件与束宽变化规律.最终数值地验证了该变分计算结果,表明高斯函数是该非局域介质中空间孤子轮廓的一个很好的近似,从而为孤子的相互作用及其偏转特性提供了依据.     

非局域非线性介质中孤子的绝热捷径压缩

近年来,量子绝热捷径(shortcut to adiabaticity,STA)技术被用以加速缓慢的绝热过程.基于光学类比方法,采用结合变分法和绝热捷径技术的反控制方法研究非局域非线性介质中孤子的快速压缩,并与绝热压缩技术进行了对比.研究结果表明,非局域对于非线性具有抑制作用,非局域度越大,绝热压缩技术需要的传播距离越长,使得在非局域介质中用绝热方法压缩孤子变得比较困难,而绝热捷径技术却依然可以在短距离内有效压缩孤子,优势明显.