关于帕累托最优问题的再思考

由福利经济学的知识可知,帕累托认为最优的效用组合存在无限多种,而这与"最优"配置的内在要求显然是相冲突的.为了解决这一问题,通过对交换、生产及生产和交换的帕累托改进方式进行了重新分析,并通过分析说明在既定的要素禀赋下"最优"的配置状态是存在而且唯一的,并进而说明这种唯一是如何达到的.     

景区门票价格的经济学分析

伴随着旅游热度的上升,景区门票涨价风潮也日益扩大。据调查,门票经济占消费者在景区消费的80%以上,涨价所带来的负面影响给旅游经济和消费者利益造成了严重损害。本文从经济学角度探讨了景区门票价格的现状及其对市场各方影响的利与弊,并基于几点问题尝试提出合理有效的门票价格调整方案,以期使各素间达到经济学中的帕累托最优状态。     

基于帕累托最优的民办高校图书馆人力资源优化策略探析

阐述了图书馆人力资源管理与帕累托最优的概念,分析了目前民办高校图书馆人力资源管理中存在的问题,提出了民办高校图书馆人力资源管理的帕累托改进。     

风险投资中的委托代理问题

分别讨论投资人与投资家,投资家与企业家的委托代理关系.对风险投资人与风险投资家之间的委托代理问题,着重讨论了隐性激励的一种表现形式:声誉效用.在投资人和投资家之间是否可以达到帕累托最优的讨论中,通过模型最后导出:在仅有显性激励机制情况下,帕累托最优是不可达到的.对风险投资家与风险企业家之间的委托代理问题,通过道德风险博弈模型的建立,对其求解和分析.     

集团型企业内部价格的博弈分析

在无中间产品外部市场的前提下，集团型企业内部上游企业与下游企业之间存在非对称信息，这导致集团型企业内部转移定价无法达到帕累托最优。如何确定转移价格定价的范围，以及在最优转移价格下的利润如何分配更为合理是一个值得研究的问题。     

零售商风险规避下差异化渠道的三层供应链协调

考虑市场需求不确定时零售商的风险规避问题,研究在制造商主导的三层单渠道分销的供应链中零售商的最优订购策略、分销商的定价均衡和制造商的定价策略.然后增加一个提供回购契约的分销商,研究在零售商双重采购和制造商差异化双渠道分销的三层供应链中风险规避型零售商的最优订购策略、两个相互竞争的分销商和制造商的定价策略.通过决策对比分析,建立基于差异化双重分销渠道的三层供应链的协调机制.研究结果表明,与单渠道供应链相比,差异化双重分销渠道的形成可以使供应链成员的收益均得到增加,实现供应链的帕累托改进,且帕累托区域的位置与范围受到零售商风险规避程度的影响.     

基于帕累托定律模型的高校科研项目评审机制研究

<正>高校科研工作是关乎国家科研水平发展的决定性影响因素,全面、科学、合理的高校科研项目评审机制对促进高校科研活动意义重大,本文基于帕累托定律模型,研究了帕累托定律在组织科研管理和科研项目评审过程中的运用,并给出相关建议。1帕累托理论的提出及意义1897年,意大利经济学家维尔弗雷多·帕累托发现了一个有意思的社会收益分配现象:在19世纪末的英国,当时的少部分人口占有了英国社会的大部分     

从帕累托最优理论看我国城市房屋拆迁

随着我国城市建设、旧城区改造及房地产市场的不断发展,拆迁纠纷大量出现,其根源在于目前城市房屋拆迁补偿过程中包含着复杂的利益关系,涉及到社会公共利益的实现和被拆迁人权利的保护.以经济学中的怕累托最优理论为视角,针对如何保护被拆迁人的合法财产权引发的矛盾,建议运用一系列帕累托改进的方式以保障听证与司法程序的执行,完善公共利益的最终确定以及强调被拆迁人的补偿权以更好确定拆迁补偿机制,从而平衡目前的制度性非均衡状态,最终达到全社会福利最大化的帕累托最优状态.     

由传统图书馆向数字图书馆过渡过程中的帕累托应用

本文根据帕累托原则的核心内容,总结了图书馆由传统形态向数字形态转变过程中存在的问题,阐述了帕累托原则在图书馆过渡过程中的具体应用。     

出租车分时分段合乘计价系统之探讨

因技术系统不支持、合乘规则不科学导致当前出租车合乘无法实现,制约了出租车运营效率的提升,无法缓解打车难的问题。作者综合运用心理行为学、统筹学及信息技术方面的知识,基于帕累托效率改进原则,提出集智能合乘计价芯片系统、智能合乘计价票据打印系统、行驶方向智能输入系统及LED低耗智能行驶方向显示系统于一体的＂分时分段合乘帕累托最优合乘计价系统＂,探讨上述问题的解决办法     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to