温升速率影响空运锂离子电池热失控多米诺效应实验研究

为探究不同温升速率对空运锂电池热失控多米诺效应的影响,通过自主设计搭建的锂电池热失控实验平台,开展锂电池模组间热传播规律研究。结果表明,随着加热装置温升速率从10 °C/min提高至60 °C/min,锂电池模组的热失控开始时间从1 632 s提前至386 s。以模组中第三节电池热失控作为多米诺效应形成判断依据,基于二分法确定其临界温升速率为29 °C/min。该研究可用于指导航空运输的锂电池热灾害安全防控。     

不同热处理次数对软包锂离子电池热安全性影响

为探究高温环境对软包锂电池热安全性影响,通过对三元软包锂电池进行80℃高温热处理,模拟研究高温环境对三元软包锂电池热安全性能的影响.对比分析了高温对软包锂电池热失控温度、电压和电压/容量微分dV/dQ曲线等的影响.实验发现,随着热处理次数增加,电池充放电容量依次降低,其中第三次热处理对电池容量影响最显著.电池内部结构受...     

NCM三元锂动力电池热失控研究

为了提高锂离子动力电池使用安全性,减少因电池热失控引发的电动汽车安全事故。以电动汽车用NCM三元锂电池为研究对象,利用COMSOL软件建立了三维热滥用模型,仿真分析锂离子电池的热失控行为。结果表明:炉温175℃,在5600s时出现热失控。炉温为165℃,在7200s时出现热失控;炉温为160℃时未出现热失控。自然对流换热的情况下,电池在10250s时出现热失控,散热条件良好时未发生热失控。当正极材料和电解液的分解温度在170℃和200℃时,电池发生热失控。     

锂离子电池的热失控模拟

通过锂离子电池的热模拟研究,对比了不同环境温度时,锂离子电池的温度变化和热失控状态. 进一步模拟了绝热条件下,锂电池的热失控状态.     

锂离子电池热失控多米诺效应实证研究*

针对锂离子电池热失控多米诺效应模型未进行实验验证导致可信度低问题,设计搭建了锂离子电池热失控实验舱。围绕锂离子电池热失控多米诺效应模拟存在的三个突出问题,设计实验方案开展实验验证研究。通过实验数据与模拟对比分析,证实一节锂离子电池热失控可以触发多米诺效应使全部锂电池发生热失控;针对模拟存在燃爆时间点比实验提前35.7%、层级燃爆时间间隔比实验增长30.97%,燃烧持续时间比实验减少31.82%的缺陷,提出在模拟中增加外部网格的改进意见;通过实证研究改进后的锂电池热失控多米诺效应模拟模型可用于工程实际。     

不同荷电状态高比能锂离子电池热失控特性的研究

随着新能源汽车锂电池市场的高速发展，电池能量密度不断提升，从而导致车用锂电池在外部滥用条件下更易引发热失控，并且会释放出更多的能量，产生更大的破坏力。以不同荷电状态的某方形三元锂电池为研究对象，在密封环境下对其进行加热触发的热失控试验。通过对各试验组电芯失效时的温度、产气量及瞬间压力等关键参数进行分析和比对，得知荷电状态的高低对锂电池热失控行为有显著影响。在荷电状态增大的情况下，锂电池的温度、产气量和瞬间压力等各项指标的热失控值均显著上升，说明电池失控造成的破坏性也随之增强。研究成果可以为该型三元锂电池在运输、存储过程中安全荷电状态阈值的确定提供参考。     

锂电池动力船舶电池热失控释放气体电池舱内扩散输运数值模拟

为准确评估锂电池动力船舶电池热失控事故可能产生的爆炸风险，基于欧拉多相流模型耦合标准k-ε湍流模型，建立不同通风条件下电池舱内爆炸性气体云团扩散输运数值模型。以国内某沿海航行锂电池动力船舶为研究对象，开展不同空调送风量下多种规模电池热失控后气体输运过程分析，以释放气体中主要成分H₂燃烧爆炸范围为边界获得可燃爆炸气体云团分布发展情况。计算结果表明，气体释放后在电池舱内迅速扩散并向舱顶聚集，热失控电池数量越大，爆炸性气体云团范围越大且气体浓度越高；通风可以有效降低爆炸性气体云团范围，但仅通过改变风量来降低爆炸性气体云团范围并非有效措施；CFD数值模拟可以辅助评估气体释放事件带来的舱室爆炸风险。     

低压下锂离子电池热失控火焰特性研究

针对锂离子电池航空运输需求不断增大,而低压环境下锂离子电池热失控火焰特性研究甚少的现状,设计了60kPa、80kPa、100kPa三种压力下的锂离子电池热失控实验。在常压和低压环境下,对电加热触发的锂离子电池燃烧火焰特性进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,锂离子电池热失控的燃烧的火焰高度与普通池火不同,锂离子电池燃烧的火焰高度会随着时间而降低。随着压力的降低,锂离子电池热失控的火焰高度和燃烧时长都呈现出降低的趋势。 本文研究可为低压下锂离子电池热失控火行为的研究提供指引和支撑。     

基于有限元分析的动力锂离子电池生热特性研究

针对电动汽车用动力锂离子电池的热安全性问题,以某11 Ah动力锂离子电池为例,进行有限元建模分析,分别对锂离子电池单体在不同充放电倍率、不同环境温度以及不同散热条件下的发热情况进行了分析.结果表明,锂电池放电倍率越高温升越高且温度分布越不均匀,良好的散热模式有助于电池温升的抑制和提高电池的热稳定性.定量化的计算仿真结果符合实际,研究结果为该类电池的建模与仿真提供了借鉴和参考,对锂电池单体的设计优化及锂电池热管理系统的研发具有指导意义.     

锂离子电池热失控特性及电池火抑制过程

为了研究大容量锂离子电池不同种类的热失控特性以及水喷雾对电池火的抑制效果,选用75 A·h锂离子动力电池为研究对象,通过底部电热炉加热诱导电池发生失控反应,并使用水喷雾研究其对电池火焰的抑制过程.结果 表明:在底部功率2 kW且温度为500℃下,锂离子电池平均经过4800s加热后发生热失控现象,热失控共分为五个阶段:受热膨胀、大量烟气释放、形成喷射火、稳定燃烧、自然熄灭.电池表面热失控触发温度为144℃,热失控过程中表面和内部温度最高可达536.8℃和910.1℃,并出现了电压回升现象;水喷雾无法阻止内部反应的进行,可能出现喷射火或复燃现象,在水喷雾的持续作用下能够有效熄灭锂离子电池火焰.研究结果可为锂离子动力电池检测系统和灭火规范提供数据支撑.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with