塔中地区志留系柯坪塔格组沉积特征

 在沉积学、矿场地球物理学、古生物学等学科的理论指导下,通过岩心观察,结合测井、录井、古生物遗迹、分析化验等资料综合分析认为:塔中地区志留系柯坪塔格组沉积灰色含沥青粉砂岩、绿灰色泥质粉砂岩、灰色中细砂岩、灰白色细砂岩及灰色含砾中细砂岩、灰绿色粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩;发育低角度冲洗层理、波状层理、脉状层理、透镜状层理、流水波纹、楔状交错层理、大量的同生泥砾及泥质条带,砂泥岩薄互层,低砂地比且从盆地中心向盆地边缘逐渐降低的现象以及大量的生物扰动现象都反映了一种低能的潮坪沉积环境。在研究区柯坪塔格组主要识别出潮间带,潮下带,发育朝下砂坝、潮间下砂坪、潮间中砂泥混合坪等微相,并结合分析化验资料讨论了不同沉积微相与油气的关系。     

四川盆地井研地区麦地坪组-筇竹寺组高分辨率层序地层特征

为了更准确地研究四川盆地井研地区下寒武统麦地坪组-筇竹寺组沉积的变化规律,将岩石学、常规测井分析方法与元素测井单元素、元素比值综合分析相结合,精细划分和研究其高分辨率层序地层特征。将麦地坪组-筇竹寺组划分出3个中期旋回(MSC)、20个短期旋回(SSC)。受构造运动影响,MSC2上升半旋回沉积时期,各井各短期旋回发育情况有所差异,JS1井和JY1井缺失SSC6~SSC9,JY2井缺失SSC6~SSC8。以此建立等时地层格架,分析发现MSC1沉积时期各井各短期旋回均正常发育,此时各井沉积古地理位置相当;MSC2上升半旋回时期井研地区底部SSC6~SSC9不同程度缺失,说明此时该区域沉积部位相对较高,位于拉张槽西侧斜坡带,且JS1井和JY1井高于JY2井,其沉积古地理明显呈阶梯状。以此建立沉积模式发现,研究区MSC1时期主要继承埃迪卡拉纪岩溶谷地古地貌,发育与ZY1井相似沉积;MSC2时期受兴凯地裂运动形成的拉张槽影响,研究区位于拉张槽西侧宽缓斜坡带中部,古地理位置较ZY1井略高,研究区内呈西高东低的阶梯状古地理格局,两个沉积时期沉积中心发生了部分偏移;在此填平补齐沉积阶段后,研究区在MSC3沉积时期进入正常宽缓的西浅东深的陆棚相沉积体系,研究区位于西侧较高部位,主要发育浅水陆棚沉积,海平面短时上升时,发育少量深水陆棚沉积。     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组湖相水道-朵状体浊积扇沉积模式

为研究鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组深湖重力流的沉积特征及其沉积模式,利用钻井岩心,周缘野外露头及钻井测井资料,识别出深水区的块状砂岩、具撕裂屑块状砂岩、平行层理砂岩、沙纹交错层理粉砂岩、同生变形构造粉砂岩、水平层理粉砂岩、块状泥岩等7种岩相类型,代表了浊流沉积(高密度、低密度)、碎屑岩、滑塌岩、深水原地沉积等成因类型;其...     

滇西昌宁—孟连带南段组沉积环境及沉积机理

南段组的研究始于１９８３年，但南段组的沉积环境和成因至今还存在一些争论。罗君烈（１９９０）和王祖关（１９９１）提出南段组是一套滨海－浅海沉积。刘本培等（１９８９—１９９３）认为南段组为一套类复理石沉积或为一套斜坡至盆地边缘的非正常浊流沉积。作者在南段组中新发现了ｃｈｏｎｄｒｉｔｅｓｓｐ．，ｓｃａｌａｒｉｔｕｂａｓｐ．，ｐｈａｎｏｌｉｔｅｓｓｐ．等三种遗迹化石和一些浅海底栖生物化石及植物碎片，这些化石的总体面貌显示了一个陆棚沉积环境。南段组是一套厚度巨大的砂岩与泥岩的互层沉积，沉积构造主要是块状层理、小型滑动构造、小型斜层理和粒序层理及少见的浪成波痕。砂岩成分成熟度高（石英＞９０％），结构成熟度中等（杂质为０－１０％）。当胶结物为硅质时，一些砂岩成为沉积石英岩。砂岩的粒度概率累积曲线显示牵引流与重力流的过渡特征，各层位砂岩粒度的Ｃ－Ｍ图基本上显示重力流沉积特征。以上特征表明南段组是一套浪控三角洲前缘斜坡和深陆棚环境的近源片泛性（非扇模式）重力流和正常的陆棚的复合沉积，并非深海复理石建造     

四川盆地周缘筇竹寺组泥页岩储层特征

通过地表地质和井下地质相结合,运用岩石学和岩石物理学方法,探讨了四川盆地周缘下寒武统筇竹寺组泥页岩储层特征.结果表明,四川盆地周缘下寒武统筇竹寺组厚40～400m,为一套黑色碳质泥页岩、灰色含粉砂泥岩、粉砂岩、细砂岩、灰岩及含泥灰岩建造.筇竹寺组下部岩性主要由富有机质(碳质)非纹层状泥页岩、泥岩、钙质泥岩、粉砂岩、纹层...     

四川焦石坝地区页岩气沉积相带划分

焦石坝地区曾遭受多期复杂的构造变动,导致其先后经历不同沉积环境.综合分析岩性、生物化石等相标志及电测曲线特征,焦石坝地区五峰组-龙马溪组下部含气泥页岩段可细分为暗色富有机质泥页岩、暗色富硅质富有机质泥页岩、暗色富有机质砂泥质泥页岩和暗色富有机质灰云质泥页岩,多富含笔石化石.将焦页1井89m段主泥页岩层段自下而上划分出深水硅泥质陆棚、深水泥质陆棚、深水砂泥质陆棚、深水混积陆棚四类沉积微相.同时,从利于富有机质泥页岩发育的角度对研究区作出评价.     

重庆云阳地区沙溪庙组软沉积物变形构造及其地质意义

探讨重庆市云阳县普安乡沙溪庙组下段恐龙化石埋藏成因.通过野外观察及室内薄片分析,对化石围岩及上下岩层展开研究.化石围岩为紫红色泥质粉砂岩,其中见大量泥砾及软沉积物变形构造,具稀性泥流沉积特征.化石层上下大量发育以负荷构造、火焰构造、液化砂岩脉等为代表的软沉积物变形构造,与地震活动相关的同沉积断裂、砂球(枕)以及地裂缝伴...     

塔河南部志留系柯坪塔格组层序地层及沉积相

依据岩芯、露头、测井和地震资料,将塔河南地区志留系柯坪塔格组划分为SQ1、SQ2两个三级层序,主要为障壁滨海—浅海沉积体系。层序SQ1低位体系域(SQ1–LST)发育于柯坪塔格组下段,主要为中潮坪(混合坪)沉积,海侵体系域(SQ1–TST)发育于柯坪塔格组中段,主要为浅海陆棚沉积,高位体系域不发育;层序SQ2仅保留低位体系域(SQ2–LST),发育于柯坪塔格组上段,主要为低潮坪(砂坪)沉积。在此基础上,编制了塔河地区南部志留系柯坪塔格组不同体系域的沉积相平面分布图,为该区储层预测提供了依据。     

内蒙古东北部林西组碳酸盐岩结核的成因及油气地质意义

内蒙古西乌珠穆沁旗哈日根台苏木地区上二叠统林西组深水外陆棚灰黑色泥页岩沉积中发育大量的碳酸盐岩结核。这些结核呈透镜状、结核状及丘状,在产状上与现代海底发育的及古代的冷泉碳酸盐岩极为相似。通过对碳酸盐岩结核的微观组构、物质成分和碳同位素特征的研究,发现碳酸盐岩结核中发育较多的气孔构造、生物化石及草莓状黄铁矿;碳、氧同位素结果显示碳酸盐岩结核的碳同位素存在明显的负偏,表明其中有有机来源的碳。这些特征与现代海底由于天然气渗漏形成的冷泉碳酸盐岩特征一致,因而推测研究区发育的碳酸盐岩结核为古代海底天然气渗漏形成的冷泉碳酸盐岩。这表明在林西组沉积时期,海底存在天然气水合物,可能与海底早期沉积的灰黑色泥页岩中甲烷的释放有关。烃源岩潜力分析也表明,研究区大量发育的灰黑色泥页岩具有一定的生烃潜力,林西组具有较好的油气勘探前景;但是由于地层时代较老,成岩作用及构造运动的影响,现今的勘探难度较大。     

四川米易二滩地区的二滩组

四川盐边凹路、力马、红果及米易二滩、金龙山等地的二滩组上、下部均为细砂岩、粉砂岩、铁铝质粘土岩夹赤铁矿和铝土矿透镜体,底部常见砾岩,顶部为灰黑色碳质页岩夹劣质煤透镜体,中部为微晶生物灰岩夹粗粒白云质钙质石英砂岩。以富含腕足化石为特色,还可见珊瑚、虫筵、非虫筵有孔虫、介形虫、三叶虫、苔藓虫、腹足类等生物化石。沉积二滩组时期,研究区处于泥坪、混合坪、不稳定碳酸盐台地及潮坪沼泽等环境,代表一次较大的海进海退过程。二滩组与梁山组、树河组在岩性特征、所含生物面貌及时间跨度等方面存在显著差异。新建二滩组相当于研究区原石炭系与原梁山组之和,其时代为早二叠世栖霞期至茅口早期     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that