The relation between gamma motor activity and the electroencephalogram

Zusammenfassung Es wurde gezeigt, dass die Weckreaktion im EEG meist mit Erregung der Muskelspindeln verknüpft war. In tieferer Narkose konnten die Muskelspindeln bei Erwärmung des Hypothalamus noch beeinflusst werden, ohne dass im EEG nennenswerte Veränderungen auftraten. Thermische Reizung im Hypothalamus konnte aber auch bei der «encéphale isolé»-Katze langsame, grosse Wellen in Grosshirnrinden-Ableitungen hervorrufen. Wahrscheinlich werden die Muskelspindeln und die Aktivität der Grosshirnrinde dabei über dasselbe System vom Hirnstamm beeinflusst.     

Relevance of specific activity in experimental erythrocytocide by 55Fe.

Iron loads between 0.20 microgram and 26 microgram, added to 5 mu Ci 59Fe, were followed for up to 150 days in mice. Relative organ uptake increased as a function of iron load in liver and kidneys while it decreased in bone marrow and blood. Several weeks after injection, all load-related differences disappeared.     

The fasciolicidal activity of a halogenated benzenesulfonanilide.

Halogenated benzenesulfonanilides have potent fasciolicidal activity. The efficacy of 1 such compound in mice, sheep, and cattle is reported.     

The synthesis of a decapeptide with glycosidase activity

Zusammenfassung Auf Grund theoretischer Überlegungen sollte das Dekapeptid Glu-Phe-Ala-Ala-Glu-Glu-Ala-Ala-Ser-Phe Glykosidase-Aktivität besitzen. Das synthetische Produkt bestätigt diese Erwartung sowohl gegenüber Chitin als auch Dextran.

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Communication No. 1722 from the Central Drug Research Institute constitutes synthetic substitute enzymes Pt. V, presented in part at the I.U.P.A.C. symposium on Natural Products, New Delhi, Feb. 1972.     

Degradation of proinsulin C-peptide in kidney and placenta extracts by a specific endoprotease activity

Degradation of proinsulin C-peptide in mouse kidney and human placenta extracts was studied using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and nano-electrospray mass spectrometry. In total, 15 proteolytic cleavage sites were identified in human and mouse C-peptides. Early sites included the peptide bonds N-terminal of Val/Leu10, Leu12, Leu21, Leu24 and Leu26 in different combinations for the two tissues and two peptides. Notably, these cleavages were N-terminal of a hydrophobic residue, and all but one N-terminal of Leu. A late degradation product of the human peptide detected in the kidney extract was the C-terminal hexapeptide, containing just one residue more than the biologically active C-terminal pentapeptide of C-peptide. We conclude that the degradation of C-peptide in kidney and placenta follows similar patterns, dominated by endopeptidase cleavages N-terminal of Leu.     

Serum activity inhibiting specific simian virus 40-induced transplantation resistance and its correlation with primary SV40 tumors appearance in hamsters.

Using the modified technique of transplantation test, ITR serum activity was found in most (14 out of 21) individual hamster sera obtained during the latent period of primary SV40 carcinogenesis (60 days after virus infection when newborn). On the other hand, as a rule, no ITR activity was observed in the sera of the same hamsters after tumor appearance and during their growth. ITR activity rapidly disappeared from sera of hamsters neonatally infected with SV40 after their successful immunization with the same virus during the latent period. There appears to be a correlation between the presence of ITR serum factor during the latent period and the subsequent primary SV40 tumor appearance in hamsters.     

The activity of Newcastle disease virus-envelope proteins after treatment with detergents.

Treatment of NDV with anionic detergents or lipid solvents destroys the activities of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. After disruption of the virus with non-ionic detergents, the activities of envelope proteins remain unchanged. It is suggested that the phosholipids are very important for the biological activity of NDV-envelope proteins.     

The sterilization of honey with cobalt 60 gamma radiation: a study of honey spiked with spores ofClostridium botulinum andBacillus subtilis

Unprocessed honey is a recognized wound-healing remedy. However, to make clinical use of honey acceptable, it should be sterile. To find the lowest dose of irradiation needed for sterilization, six batches of honey (a?f) were gamma irradiated with 6, 12, 18, 22 and 25 kGy Cobalt-60. After a dose of 25 kGy the antibacterial activity was not altered. Presumably glucose oxidase (EC 1.1.3.4), which produces hydrogen peroxide, is not easily damaged by irradiation. Amylase activity on the other hand was significantly reduced to 19%, 19%, 21%, 22%, 43% in batchesa), b), c), d) andf) respectively, whereas no decrease was observed in batche). All batches spiked with approximately 10⁶ spores fromCl. botulinum orB. subtilis per 50 g honey proved to be sterile after irradiation with a dose of 25 kGy. Honey was also spiked withCl. botulinum at up to 5000 spores per 50 g honey which is the upper limit of natural contamination. The sterilizing dose in this case was 18 kGy.     

A method for automatic recording of serum lysozyme activity with the fragiligraph.

A quick and simple method for the estimation of lysozyme activity using the Fragiligraph, was described. Diminution of turbidity in a suspension of Micrococcus lysodeikticus produced by the addition of standard lysozyme (hen egg white) or serum sample, was continuously recorded for 5 min by the Fragiligraph. The normal mean serum lysozyme activity value obtained by this method is 6,80 mug/ml +/- 1.85.     

The replication of a xenotropic murine C type virus in some mammalian cells. Definition of a specific antigen]

The use of our mink cell line maintained in vitro infected with the murine xenotropic AT 124 virus, and that of a (W/Fu x bn) f1 rat anti-124 serum allow us to define a new cell surface antigen specific of murine xenotropic type C viruses.     

Presence of a specific uridine 5'-monophosphate pyrophosphorylase in baker's yeast.

Uridine 5'-monophosphate pyrophosphorylase was found to be present in baker's yeast. The enzyme preparation, purified about 30-fold, shows a strict specificity toward uracil and requires Mg++ for its activity.     

The fasciolicidal activity of a halogenated benzenesulfonanilide

Summary Halogenated benzenesulfonanilides have potent fasciolicidal activity. The efficacy of 1 such compound in mice, sheep, and cattle is reported.Appreciation is expressed to Dr M. Manowitz for chemical support and to J. Bailer, G. Fusiek and C. Indian for their assistance. Dr. R. Bellhorn and C. Impellizzeri gave valuable assistance in the eye examinations.