基于Shapely-TOPSIS模型的EOD模式多方利益分配

为研究以生态环境为导向的EOD(Ecology-Oriented Development)模式中各参与方利益的公平、合理分配,在利用Shapely值法进行初始利益分配的基础上,基于累计前景理论和毕达哥拉斯模糊集的TOPSIS法综合考虑资源投入、风险分担、贡献度、努力水平和合同执行度五因素对利益分配的影响度,用利益分配影响因素修正初始Shapely值,建立了Shapely-TOPSIS利益分配模型,并计算利益各方应最后获得利益额.算例研究表明,该模型优化后的EOD模式中各参与方利益分配更加合理,有利于推广EOD模式,实现有效正循环,促进社会资本流向生态环境治理和环境保护.     

隐藏行动模型中成本加酬金合同的激励机制

以成本加酬金合同为基础,建立合同激励模型.模型考虑了项目的工期及成本变量,在隐藏行动的条件下,得出业主与承包商的收益函数.通过对模型推导及求解可知,好或坏的结果给承包商带来的利益差额与承包商受到的激励强度成正比;最优激励强度与利润增加对额外努力的敏感性正相关,而与绝对风险厌恶系数、外界环境影响方差,以及有关活动选择的判...     

浅谈建筑工程总承包方对专业分包商的服务和管理

在建筑工程中建设方经过招投标进行发包程序,承发包模式中有建筑工程总承包模式、平行承包模式以及设计和施工总承包模式、CM模式、BOT模式等等,笔者根据我在施工现场多年的经验,在这浅谈关于建筑工程总承包方对专业分包商的服务和管理,主要从总包方各专业分承包商提供服务;认真履行对各专业分包商的组织、管理、协调和控制职能;对工程质量的管理和控制;施工进度计划管理和控制;对专业分承包商专业设计图纸的综合协调和施工协调节点详图设计的服务、协调和管理;安全生产、环境保护、文明施工、消防、保卫的协调和管理;其它方面的组织、管理、协调和控制等内容浅谈。     

电商主导型供应链金融的合作收益协调机制研究

电商供应链金融是缓解中小企业融资压力及优化金融服务的重要途径,合理的收益协调机制是加强电商供应链金融合作强度的重要保障。本文以电商主导型供应链金融合作模式为研究对象,基于契约理论及合作博弈理论,在Shapley值法基础上,引入鼓励金契约及风险承担因子,结合参与方的努力水平及投入程度,运用云重心法对利益分配方式进行协调。经算例表明,引入风险承担因子、努力水平及投入程度的利益协调机制的合理性及有效性;各主体风险承担及投入的越多,获得收益越高。该结论将有助于处理好各方利益关系,激发其合作积极性,对进一步构建和谐的电商供应链金融合作机制具有现实意义。     

基于模糊综合评判的工程项目风险分配方法研究

工程项目风险分配问题是项目各方共同关注的问题之一。在工程项目风险分配原则研究的基础上,建立评价各个项目参与方风险承担能力的评估指标,确定风险分配的评价因素集,利用模糊综合评判的方法求出项目各个参与方的综合风险分配系数,并给出各个项目参与方风险损失分配的计算方法。这种方法明确了各个项目参与方的风险责任,对项目风险分配问题给出了定量研究的一种新思路。     

浅谈建筑工程项目施工分包风险的应对与防范措施

建筑工程项目施工分包风险的管理对于工程项目的顺利实施具有重要意义。本文从投资管理、进度管理、质量管理、HSE管理、以及总承包商为分包商提供必要的帮助等几个方面，探讨了建筑工程项目施工分包风险的应对与防范措施。     

浅析施工总承包模式下总承包商对工程分包的管理

随着建设规模的不断壮大以及施工机械化程度的不断提高,需要多家分包单位与总承包商共同完成整个建设项目。如何实现总承包商对分包商的有效管理,使工程项目安全、合理、经济的完成,是我们要面对的问题。通过对施工总承包模式下分包管理的现状进行分析,提出一些具有针对性的解决对策。     

产学研合作中的机会主义及其治理

在产学研合作中利益分配在双方合作中起着至关重要的作用。信息的不完整或受到歪曲的透露,尤其是造成信息方面的误导、歪曲、掩盖、搅乱或混淆的蓄意行为,使产学研合作中采取机会主义能使任何一方获得比真诚合作更大的利益,致使参与方在合作中选择机会主义。因此,机会主义成为产学研合作创新中亟待解决的重要问题,应采取三种治理机制:一是随着产学研合作的增多,合作各方努力向市场传递其声誉信息,促使双方重复博弈并形成良好的声誉机制;二是完善产学研合作的契约,使契约成为一种交易协调机制;三是当产学研合作创新市场出现时,地方政府实行团体性奖励。     

承包商的索赔管理初步研究

工程项目复杂多变,在合同执行过程中,当由于业主或其他原因导致承包商在施工中付出了额外费用或遭受了损失时,承包商应通过合法途径和程序,向业主提出索赔,以维护企业的正当利益。本文通过对索赔的起因及索赔程序的分析,致力于提高承包商的索赔管理水平,实现索赔目的,提高经济效益。     

EPC模式下中承包商项目风险管理研究

现阶段,国际工程项目越来越推崇使用EPC总承包模式。EPC模式是一个风险与利益共存的模式,这种模式即能给总承包商带来可观的利润空间,但是对总承包商各方面的能力都是一个巨大的挑战。因此,对EPC模式下总承包商的风险管理的研究就显得很有必要了,即能帮助总承包商认清现实,做好风险应对措施,还能节约成本,保质保量的完成工程项目,实现利润。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.