模拟烟道中粉尘粒子的荷电凝并实验研究

基于电凝并理论,在模拟电除尘器烟道中增设预荷电装置,进行了高压电场荷电凝并研究.实验结果表明,将预荷电装置安装于烟道中,离子浓度比除尘电场中高约1个数量级,有利于提高粉尘的荷电量,增强带电粒子的凝并作用;交变电场比直流电场更利于带电粒子凝并,最佳电场频率为40 Hz;电凝并作用可以使粒子粒径增大21%左右,总除尘效率提高2.6%～3.5%,有利于实现电除尘器的小型化.     

荷电粉尘在交变电场中的凝并与收集

应用类似于Ｗｉｌｌｉａｍｓ求声凝并系数的方法导出异性荷电粉尘在交变电场中的凝并系数,根据粉尘凝并过程趋于“自保分布”的概念,得出粉尘中位径随凝并时间变化关系式和异极性荷电粉尘在交变电场中的凝并除尘效率近似计算式·提出一种新型双区式电凝并除尘装置,在相同条件下,理论与试验研究结果表明:新型双区电凝并除尘装置的除尘效率不仅高于电除尘器,而且在结构上优于三区电凝并除尘装置·     

烟尘在交变电场中的电凝并收集

为有效地收集微细粉尘,提出一种具有双区电极布置形式的电凝并除尘装置。其特点是在交变电场中同时实现尘粒的荷电与凝并。通过分析多分散性粉尘粒度随凝并时间变化规律,给出异极性行电粉尘在交变电场中的凝并除尘效率的近似计算式。试验研究结果表明;所提出的双区电凝并除尘尽优于现有的三区电凝并除尘器和普通静电除尘器。     

逆流荷电双区ESP改善高比电阻粉尘除尘效果

为了改善ESP对含高比电阻粉尘烟气的除尘效果,对比测定了常规单、双区及逆流荷电双区三种静电除尘器模型在净化分别含有正常或高比电阻粉尘气体时的U-I特性和除尘效率.常规单、双区ESP在净化含高比电阻粉尘气体的过程中,当极间电压升高至50 kV时,收尘电场发生反电晕,且除尘效率开始下降;而逆流荷电双区ESP净化含高比电阻粉尘气体与净化含有正常比电阻粉尘的U-I特性曲线并无明显差异,两种粉尘的净化效率与极间电压之间的关系曲线也呈相同的变化态势.研究结果证实,对于净化含有高比电阻粉尘烟气,新型ESP可以避免发生反电晕,有效改善除尘效果.     

细颗粒物荷电凝并技术研究进展

我国很多城市存在颗粒粉尘浓度超标的现象,可吸入性粉尘无论对环境和人体都有较大的危害,治理烟尘污染刻不容缓,但粉尘粒径小而难以被除尘器直接捕集,而荷电凝并可通过电场的作用使粉尘粒子荷电而发生凝并,增大有效直径从而便于捕集.综述了国内外电凝并技术的研究进展,主要包括交变电场中同极性荷电颗粒凝并、直流电场中异极性荷电颗粒凝并、交变电场中异极性荷电颗粒凝并;介绍了几种荷电凝并方法,提出提高荷电凝并几率方法的主要发展趋势,为电凝并技术的实际应用和装备开发提供参考.     

电除尘器中粉尘粒子的凝并

应用电流体力学和外力场输运理论,分析了电收尘器中带电粉尘粒子的凝并现象。在一定的简化条件下建立了粒子凝并速率计算式,并通过实验进一步探讨了带电粉尘粒子凝并的机理。研究结果表明,电场中带电粉尘粒子的凝并受粒子表面电荷分布和电荷量、粒径、粒子所带电荷的极性以及中性电荷粒子的影响。无论单极或双极电晕,带电的粉尘粒子都发生凝并,但带正、负电荷粒子的凝并受限于某一作用范围。     

新型静电高压脉冲预荷电装置的研究

报道了新近研制的静电除尘系统的高压脉冲预荷电装置及其结构设计、荷电原理和脉冲供电电源，并讨论了脉冲荷电克服反电晕的机理及脉冲荷电对微小尘粒的荷电机理     

高流场中微细粉尘荷电凝并粗化对电捕集效率的影响

 目前电除尘器存在微小颗粒粉尘捕集效率低、本体体积庞大和能耗高等问题。本文基于烟道中粒子动量高,放电通道中离子输运特性较好的特点,将离子源、荷电凝并装置设置于电除尘器前烟道中。实验结果表明,离子浓度随电场强度加大而增加;在高离子动量情况下,烟道中的离子浓度可达到1.97×109/cm3,比现有电除尘器的离子浓度高出2~3个数量级;矩形电晕极优于圆形电晕极,而芒刺电晕极起晕电压低,耗能少,产生离子浓度高且稳定,因此以芒刺电晕极为最佳;中位径为0.2?滋m的硅粉、中位径为6?滋m的滑石粉和两种粉体的混合粉等微细颗粒荷电凝并后被粗化为电除尘器有效捕集的颗粒,电捕集效率显著提高。本实验可在不增加电除尘器室数、不改变原有运行方式和运行参数条件下,有效解决现有电除尘器预荷电离子浓度过低问题,增大其捕集效率。     

线-管式双极预荷电器的极间电场分布模型

电场分布是电除尘理论研究的核心问题之一。为提高对微细颗粒物的捕集效率,拟从理论上明确线-管式横向双极预荷电器这种新型电极结构的极间电场分布规律。基于高斯通量定律,建立了线-线电极的电场分布函数;根据电场叠加原理,推导出线-管式预荷电器极间电场分布模型;结合其电器电极结构对称分布特点,可划分为6个不同的荷电区域,分别采用线-管式预荷电器的极间电场分布模型进行求解。线-管式双极预荷电器内正、负电场对称分布有利于提高静电凝聚速率和除尘效率、减少累积电荷和抑制反电晕烧袋现象。     

静电除尘器飞灰颗粒除尘特性的数值研究

针对350 MW超临界热电机组静电除尘飞灰颗粒除尘系统,基于FLUENT软件,采用κ-ε双方程湍流模型,三维数值研究飞灰颗粒的除尘特性。研究了粉尘比电阻、颗粒粒径、流速以及电压对静电除尘器除尘效率的影响规律。研究结果表明:除尘器飞灰颗粒收尘效率随比电阻的增大而减小;放电电压、颗粒粒径和烟气流速对静电除尘器的影响很明显。收尘效率随放电电压提高而增大;颗粒粒径越大,收尘效率越高;降低烟气流速,提高颗粒物的收尘效率。研究结果可为电站飞灰粉尘超净排放技术改善提供依据和方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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