CeO_2微结构的水热合成和光学性质（英文）

以Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O作为铈源、尿素作为沉淀剂、K-30型PVP作为表面活性剂,采用水热法成功制备二氧化铈微结构.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、热重/差热分析(TG/DTA)、傅里叶变换红外谱(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、紫外可见近红外分光光度计(UV-Vis)和荧光分光光度计(PL)对此CeO_2样品进行表征,结果表明:制备的CeO_2样品具有萤石立方结构,样品中存在氧空位和Ce~(3+)离子,样品具有较强的紫外吸收和室温光致发光性能.吸收边和拉曼峰位的移动与样品中氧空位和Ce~(3+)离子有关.     

酸性水热合成 CeO2纳米颗粒的光学和磁学性质

以CeCl3·7H2 O为铈源、NH3· H2 O为矿化剂、HCl为酸性调节剂,利用水热法成功制备了二氧化铈纳米颗粒．采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM ）、紫外‐可见分光光度计（UV‐Vis）、荧光分光光度计（PL ）、拉曼光谱（Raman）和振动样品磁强计（VSM ）等分析测试手段,对CeO2纳米颗粒的晶相、形貌、光学和磁学性质进行了表征．XRD测试结果表明样品的晶格参数略高于块状CeO2的,并随着pH值的增大而减小．所有样品的形貌均为球形．从紫外‐可见吸收光谱中,估计出的样品直接带隙值小于块状CeO2的,且此值随pH值的增加而增加．pH值为2时合成样品具有室温铁磁性,此性质的出现可能与Ce3＋和氧空位的存在有关．     

酸性水热合成CeO_2纳米颗粒的光学和磁学性质（英文）

以CeCl_3·7H_2O为铈源、NH3·H2O为矿化剂、HCl为酸性调节剂,利用水热法成功制备了二氧化铈纳米颗粒.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)、荧光分光光度计(PL)、拉曼光谱(Raman)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等分析测试手段,对CeO_2纳米颗粒的晶相、形貌、光学和磁学性质进行了表征.XRD测试结果表明样品的晶格参数略高于块状CeO_2的,并随着pH值的增大而减小.所有样品的形貌均为球形.从紫外-可见吸收光谱中,估计出的样品直接带隙值小于块状CeO_2的,且此值随pH值的增加而增加.pH值为2时合成样品具有室温铁磁性,此性质的出现可能与Ce~(3+)和氧空位的存在有关.     

共沉淀法制备的含Sm2O2S钐铈复合物的表征及紫外–可见光屏蔽性能

氧化铈是一种应用比较广泛的无机紫外屏蔽剂，但是太阳光中的成分不只是紫外线会对人体产生伤害，400–450 nm之间的高能短波蓝光也会对人的皮肤或者眼睛产生一定的伤害，所以，本文旨在制备一种既能屏蔽紫外光又能屏蔽高能短波蓝光的光屏蔽剂。本文通过共沉淀法合成了含有Sm₂O₂S的钐铈复合物。 这种复合物不仅可以阻挡紫外光，还可以阻挡蓝光。钐铈复合物的平均透射率(360–450 nm)和禁带宽度最小值分别为8.90%和2.76 eV，低于CeO₂的13.96%和3.01 eV。元素分析 (EA)、X 射线衍射 (XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和拉曼光谱(Raman)确定了实验中制备的钐铈复合物样品由Ce₄O₇、Sm₂O₂S、Sm₂O₃和Sm₂O₂SO₄组成。通过扫描和透射电子显微镜(SEM和TEM)分析了钐铈复合物样品的微观结构。 X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表明，铈元素具有Ce3+和Ce4+两种价态，氧元素具有晶格氧和氧空位两种存在形式。Sm3+和Ce3+在氧化铈晶格中的掺杂以及氧空位的存在是导致钐铈复合物具有较小的禁带宽度以及优异的紫外–可见光屏蔽性能的重要原因。     

Pt掺杂CeO_2的密度泛函理论研究

在不同的氧化还原环境中,CeO2(二氧化铈)易发生Ce4+/Ce3+之间的转变,具有较高的储氧释氧能力(OSC)和较好的O2-传导性.它不仅作为三元催化剂(TWCs)的重要组成成分,而且在固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)电解质材料方面有重要应用价值,因而在工业方面受到广泛关注.许多实验研究表明Pt/CeO2体系在低温下有较高的活性,且金属Pt嵌入CeO2体系内.     

DFT+U方法研究Ni掺杂对CeO2结构和储放氧性能影响

铈基材料具有优异的储放氧性能和催化活性,在当今催化领域有着广泛的应用.本研究通过DFT+U方法计算了Ni掺杂引起的Ce02局域结构及全局结构扰动.并分析了原子位置排布与储放氧性能之间的构效关系.当Ni以间隙位形式进入CeO2晶胞时,Ni具有四面体配位特征,部分氧离子远离其初始位置.向类间隙位移动;在产生氧空位之后,全局结构弛豫现象明显.当Ni以取代位形式进入CeO2晶胞时,Ni具有八面体配位特征,与纯NiO结构类似;在产生氧空位之后,由Ni及其最近邻氧离子构成的局域空间发生扩张.结合氧空位生成能计算结果,间隙位Ni离子对储放氧性能的促进较小,取代位Ni离子可促进体系自发产生氧空位.     

铽离子掺杂铝硅酸盐氧氟玻璃的制备及其荧光性能

采用传统熔融法制备了Tb3+掺杂的铝硅酸盐氧氟玻璃样品.应用X线衍射仪、差示扫描量热仪、紫外可见分光光度计和荧光光谱仪对样品进行分析和表征.研究结果表明:Tb3+掺杂的铝硅酸盐氧氟玻璃热稳定性较好,不易析晶;紫外吸收截止波长为320～330nm,具有较好的透光性能;在紫外光的激发下,Tb3+主要产生蓝色和较强的绿色荧光;随着Tb3+浓度的增加,Tb3+间发生共振能量转移,增强了绿色荧光发射.     

C/Cr掺杂氧化钛粉体的制备与氧空位调控

采用球磨法合成碳、铬掺杂的氧化钛材料,碳、铬掺杂用于调节材料的氧空位缺陷度.应用X射线衍射仪、紫外—可见分光光度计、荧光分光光度计等表征手段测试了样品的结构和光学性能.结果表明:碳、铬掺杂使材料的氧空位缺陷发生不同程度的改变.此外,对碳、铬掺杂的氧化钛的可见光吸收增强的来源作了相应解释.     

CeO2/ZnO纳米复合粉体的制备及抗紫外线性能研究

以Ce（NO3）3·6H2O和（CH3COO）2 Zn·2H2O为原料,采用超声—沉淀法制备了纳米CeO2,ZnO粉体,CeO2/ZnO纳米复合粉体。研究了不同的铈锌摩尔对复合粉体紫外吸收性能的影响、通过正交实验确定了制备CeO2/ZnO纳米复合粉体的最佳工艺条件,并采用XRD、IR、TG-DTA、UV-Vis以及激光粒度等测试手段对复合粉体进行了表征。结果表明,在最佳工艺条件下制得的CeO2/ZnO纳米复合粉体,属于原子级混合,其紫外吸收性能优于单一粉体。     

络合沉淀法合成纳米二氧化铈及其表征

由于其独特的物理化学性质,纳米二氧化铈是一种良好的无机紫外线屏蔽剂。纳米二氧化铈的制备方法有水热法、溶胶–凝胶法、均相沉淀法、电化学方法等,这些方法通常有操作流程复杂、周期较长等缺点。本文旨在探索一种操作简单,周期短的纳米二氧化铈制备方法。本文以氯化铈为铈源、柠檬酸为沉淀剂,采用络合沉淀法成功合成了纳米二氧化铈。通过元素分析计算了前驱体的组成,并采用比表面积测试、显微组织观察、紫外-可见光透过率曲线研究了纳米二氧化铈的物理性能、微观组织与紫外屏蔽性能的关系。研究结果表明,随着pH的升高,前驱体中Ce(H₂Cit)₃的比例下降,而Ce(OH)₃的比例上升,当pH = 6.5时,前驱体由CeCit和Ce(OH)₃组成;随着柠檬酸与Ce3+的摩尔比(n)的增加,前驱体中Ce(H₂Cit)₃的比例升高,而Ce(OH)₃的比例下降。当柠檬酸与Ce3+的摩尔比(n)为0.25、pH为5.5时,纳米二氧化铈在长波紫外线波段的平均透过率为4.42%,在中波紫外线波段的平均透过率为1.56%。良好的紫外屏蔽性能离不开纳米二氧化铈的物理性能和微观组织:比表面积的增大可以提高纳米二氧化铈的紫外屏蔽性能,当柠檬酸与Ce3+的摩尔比(n)为0.25、pH为5.5时,纳米二氧化铈的比表面积最大,为83.17 m2/g。纳米二氧化铈低指数晶面的晶面间距也影响着纳米二氧化铈的紫外屏蔽性能,在合理变化区间内,晶面间距越大,原子排列越密集,紫外屏蔽性能越好。由此得出这样的结论:络合沉淀法制备出的纳米二氧化铈具有优异的紫外屏蔽性能,但是,柠檬酸与Ce3+的摩尔比(n)不宜过大,pH不宜超过5.5。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with