超流He系统的拓扑结构研究

本文利用有序介质缺陷的同伦论系统地研究超流He系统的拓扑结构.对于~4He和~3He的A,B相的拓扑结构,给出更严格、更简洁的讨论.尤其是,以代数拓扑理论为工具,本文预言超流~3He系统的四种新相:C,D,E和F相,给出其拓扑结构的示性数,以及C,D相出现的大致物理条件.     

推广的Su-Schrieffer-Heeger模型的拓扑相图及其表征拓扑相的有限尺度能谱和边界模

拓扑不变量如陈数、Z2拓扑不变量等是表征拓扑非平庸固体系统的拓扑物相的特征量,其来源于固体周期边界条件下的能带即体能带所具有的不为零的Berry相.在开边界条件下,具有拓扑非平庸物相的系统的有限尺度能谱将出现位于能隙中的能带,并且这些能带可能对应着一个边界模.推广了一维Su-Schrieffer-Heeger模型,通过...     

集值映射空间的Ω—拓扑

本文以覆盖刻划出集值映射空间的一种新拓扑,Ω拓扑,讨论了它的分离性质以及与其它拓扑之间的关系。第四节,给出了集值映射空间关于Ω拓扑的紧性和局部紧性的两个结果。     

节点面晶体的拓扑特性

提出了实现节点面晶体的冷原子晶格方案, 讨论了节点面晶体的拓扑特性.通过调节激光参数, 系统可以实现3种不同相(拓扑节点面金属相, 拓扑平庸的金属相以及拓扑平庸的能带绝缘相)之间的相变.分别讨论了系统处于不同相态下,其节点面、能带、表面态和态密度的变化情况.结果表明:当系统处于节点面半金属相时, 晶体中存在拓扑保护的边缘流;而相变后系统为拓扑平庸态.通过研究不同晶面讨论了这种三维拓扑金属在不同截面的变化特性, 结合表面态和电子态密度, 可以更好地反映系统的拓扑特性.     

de Sitter时空中的非拓扑孤立子

在de Sitter时空中研究了带有自相互作用势的非拓扑孤立子,推导了描述非拓扑孤立子的场方程,在非拓扑孤立子的边界条件下,通过讨论方程的级数解,证明这些非拓扑孤立子在de Sitter时空中不能存在。     

拓扑指数M及其应用

对饱和直链烷烃分子间相互作用影响因素进行了分析,认为烷烃分子之间和分子内的氢原子之间的相互作用更强,由此提出了一个新的拓扑指数--拓扑指数M,并给出了M的计算方法.用此拓扑指数对C2～C8的39种饱和烷烃的结构选择性进行了讨论,对其常压沸点、常沸点汽化热进行了关联,关联结果非常良好,具有很好的预测能力.     

任意拓扑空间上的拓扑压

【目的】丰富拓扑压理论,获得更广泛的拓扑压结构。【方法】利用紧致化方法处理一般拓扑空间,使得空间结构更为简洁。【结果】定义了新的空间中的拓扑压。【结论】讨论了新的拓扑压的性质并进行了论证。     

Fuzzy拓扑共生结构的象

A.K.Katsaras和C.G.Petalas在提出Fuzzy半拓扑生成序的概念的基础上建立了Fuzzy拓扑共生结构基础理论。本文在此基础上首次给出了L-Fuzzy半拓扑生成序在满映射下的象和局部L-Fuzzy拓扑共生结构的定义。并得到了一些基本性质,进而讨论了L-Fuzzy拓扑共生结构的象以及相关的性质。     

基于等效静态载荷法的车身碰撞拓扑优化

将约束释放作为边界条件引入基于等效静态载荷法的拓扑优化中,以应变能作为整车刚度的评价指标,引入相对位移作为部件柔度的评价指标.对比研究了整车正碰工况下采用约束释放和单点约束作为碰撞分析模型的拓扑优化的异同以及不同优化目标对优化结果的影响.研究结果表明:采用约束释放作为边界条件的优化结果更集中于碰撞发生位置的结构优化,而采用单点约束作为边界条件的结果更倾向于在约束处分布材料;相对位移最小可以作为优化目标,而最大化相对位移最好转化为约束条件再优化.     

超拓扑群的连通性

在拓扑群上的幂群中规定了一种拓扑,使之也成为拓扑群,称之为超拓扑群。讨论了超拓扑群的商群、同构等问题,还讨论了超拓扑群的连通性。     

超流~3He系统的表面拓扑结构的几个注记

本文讨论在圆膜状和球面边界条件下,超流~3He系统诸相的纯表面缺陷的拓扑结构,给出相应的点缺陷和线缺陷的拓扑量子数.本文发现,边界条件对于~3He系统的拓扑结构的影响十分重要.     

长柱面超流~3He系统的表面拓扑结构问题

Mermin讨论过无限长柱面边界条件对超流~3He系统(?)相(偶极子锁闭)的表面拓扑结构的影响.我们发现,他对序参量空间中表面子集A的选取有问题.本文对此作了进     

A novel topological index for the studies on structure-properties of alkanes

A novel topological index derived from eccentric connectivity index has been proposed. The new topological index and eccentric connectivity index were correlated with eight physical properties such as the boiling point, critical temperature, critical pressure, critical volume, evaporation heat, density, heat capacity, surface tension, and three thermodynamic properties such as standard enthalpy, standard entropy and standard formation free energy of alkanes. A series of empiric equations for calculating the properties were obtained. Correlation coefficients of nine properties were more than 0.99. Regression analysis and calculation results indicated that the topological indices were well correlated with the physico-chemical properties of alkanes, and the novel topological index was far superior to eccentric connectivity index in the correlation. Foundation item: Supported by the Natural Science Fund of Hubei Educational Committee (99A088) Biography: Ni Cai-hua (1956-), male, Professor, research direction: organic chemistry and Polymer.     

A topological Dirac insulator in a quantum spin Hall phase

When electrons are subject to a large external magnetic field, the conventional charge quantum Hall effect dictates that an electronic excitation gap is generated in the sample bulk, but metallic conduction is permitted at the boundary. Recent theoretical models suggest that certain bulk insulators with large spin-orbit interactions may also naturally support conducting topological boundary states in the quantum limit, which opens up the possibility for studying unusual quantum Hall-like phenomena in zero external magnetic fields. Bulk Bi(1-x)Sb(x) single crystals are predicted to be prime candidates for one such unusual Hall phase of matter known as the topological insulator. The hallmark of a topological insulator is the existence of metallic surface states that are higher-dimensional analogues of the edge states that characterize a quantum spin Hall insulator. In addition to its interesting boundary states, the bulk of Bi(1-x)Sb(x) is predicted to exhibit three-dimensional Dirac particles, another topic of heightened current interest following the new findings in two-dimensional graphene and charge quantum Hall fractionalization observed in pure bismuth. However, despite numerous transport and magnetic measurements on the Bi(1-x)Sb(x) family since the 1960s, no direct evidence of either topological Hall states or bulk Dirac particles has been found. Here, using incident-photon-energy-modulated angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (IPEM-ARPES), we report the direct observation of massive Dirac particles in the bulk of Bi(0.9)Sb(0.1), locate the Kramers points at the sample's boundary and provide a comprehensive mapping of the Dirac insulator's gapless surface electron bands. These findings taken together suggest that the observed surface state on the boundary of the bulk insulator is a realization of the 'topological metal'. They also suggest that this material has potential application in developing next-generation quantum computing devices that may incorporate 'light-like' bulk carriers and spin-textured surface currents.     

凸规划的动边界组合同伦方法及其收敛性

给出动边界组合同伦方法, 在Slater条件及一种强制条件下证明了同伦路径的存在性和收敛性. 与已有的组合同伦内点法相比, 去掉了初始点为可行集内点的限制条件. 数值例子表明, 此算法是有效的.     

K3曲面上交错群A_5的作用

以交错群A5在曲面上的作用为研究对象,从一类特殊的K3曲面的A5作用出发,得到了该类K3曲面上A5作用的不动点,利用不动点集计算了群作用的一些不变量H2(X;C),H2+(X;C)和H2-(X;C)。在此基础上,把其中的一些结果推广到了一般情形下的同伦K3曲面上,计算出当A5满足某些特定条件时的Direc算子G-指标及K-理论度。     

拓扑变换的作图原理及其在画法几何中的应用

本文对拓扑变换的作图原理进行了阐述,对常用的几种拓扑变换方法给出了证明,并列举了几则实例说明拓扑变换法在解决不规则曲面间定位问题中的应用。     

混合约束非凸规划拟锥条件下的同伦方法

使用同伦算法研究混合约束的非凸非线性规划问题. 当规划问题为混合约束（带有等式约束）时, 可行域变成一个边界区域, 并没有内点. 通过对可行域定义新的拟锥条件, 给出相应同伦方程, 并证明此同伦算法在此拟锥条件下具有全局收敛性.