不同溶剂萃取回收SBA-15中有机模板剂的研究

利用3种不同的溶剂对SBA-15分子筛中有机模板剂P123(EO20PO70EO20)的最佳萃取工艺条件进行了研究,考察了溶剂种类、萃取温度、萃取时间、溶剂量对回收率的影响。实验确定的最佳萃取工艺条件为甲醇作为溶剂,萃取温度75℃,萃取时间3.5h,溶剂量300mL,在此条件下P123回收率可达80.7%。制备得到的SBA-15分子筛通过X射线衍射、热重分析、Fourier红外光谱及N2吸附脱附等手段进行表征,结果表明通过溶剂萃取得到的SBA-15骨架有序性保持良好,比表面积更大。溶剂萃取过程不会造成骨架硅羟基脱除,克服了高温焙烧所引起的孔道收缩问题。回收得到的模板剂P123通过液体红外光谱和凝胶渗透色谱等手段进行表征,表明其在宏观和微观方面具有与标准样品相同的性质。     

溶剂沉降法纯化猪软骨中硫酸软骨素

采用猪软骨为原料,以硫酸软骨素得率为指标,对有机溶剂纯化硫酸软骨素的方法进行研究.以乙醇为溶剂,选择硫酸软骨素提取液和乙醇体积比,乙醇体积分数,氯化钠质量浓度,p H值,醇沉次数为影响因素纯化硫酸软骨素,采用正交实验确定最佳纯化工艺条件.实验结果表明,硫酸软骨素最佳纯化条件为:提取液和乙醇体积比为1∶25,乙醇体积分数为80%,Na Cl质量浓度为30 g/L,p H值为6.4,醇沉次数为3次,硫酸软骨素得率为56.76%.     

Direct determination of trace silicon in lanthanum oxide by using a selective volatility and slurry sampling-FETV-ICP-AES

A new method for determination of trace sillicon in high purity lanthanum oxide by using electrothermal vaporization (ETV)-ICP-AES with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) slurry as a fluorinating reagent has been proposed. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the fluorination reactions of analyte (Si) and matrix(La) with PTFE in the graphite furnace took place at high temperature, and the fractional volatilily between Si and La was observed. Based on this principle the matrix interference could be eliminated. The detection limit of Si was 4.0μg·L⁻¹, and the RSD was 3.4%(C=0.2mg·L⁻¹,n=10). The procedure proposed has been applied successfully to determine trace Si in La₂O₃ without any chemical pre-treatment. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Qin Yongchao: born in Dec. 1953, ph. D., Assciate Professor     

Enhanced recovery of high-purity Fe powder from iron-rich electrolytic manganese residue by slurry electrolysis

Iron-rich electrolytic manganese residue (IREMR) is an industrial waste produced during the processing of electrolytic metal manganese,and it contains certain amounts of Fe and Mn resources and other heavy metals.In this study,the slurry electrolysis technique was used to recover high-purity Fe powder from IREMR.The effects of IREMR and H₂SO₄ mass ratio,current density,reaction temperature,and electrolytic time on the leaching and current efficiencies of Fe were studied.Acc...     

一种简单实用的机械损耗和铁损耗的分离方法

考虑到按《国标1032-68》的方法分离中小型异步电动机机械损耗和铁耗时，对条件较差的电机修理厂和实验室会产生诸多不便，该文提出了一种简便、实用、准确度较高的分离机械损耗和铁耗的方法，为分析电动机的工作性能提供了较大的方便．     

有机溶剂沉淀法去除子宫内膜癌血清高丰度蛋白的比较研究

建立了一种简便有效、成本低廉的去除子宫内膜癌血清高丰度蛋白的方法．运用3种不同的有机溶剂（不同体积倍数）处理子宫内膜癌血清样品,SDS．PAGE电泳检测去除高丰度蛋白．结果表明：不同的有机溶剂沉淀法都能去除血清样品中绝大部分的高、中丰度蛋白,但低丰度蛋白质保留、减弱及丢失的现象不一．用1倍体积乙腈可有效去除子宫内膜癌血清样品中的绝大部分高丰度蛋白,同时保留较多的小分子量蛋白．     

用乙醇-水从双液相棉粕中提取棉子糖的研究

用双液相萃取工艺处理后的棉籽粕为原料,乙醇-水溶液为溶剂进行了棉子糖的提取试验,并考察了影响浸出率的因素。在单因素实验的基础上,通过正交实验得出优化后的提取工艺条件为：乙醇体积分数为70％,提取温度60℃,提取时间150min,物料溶剂比1：14（即每克物料需14 mL溶剂）。在此工艺条件下,棉子糖的浸出率为92．5％。     

电化学氧化法处理难降解有机废水的研究进展

由于电化学氧化法能有效的处理废水中难降解有机物,从20世纪80年代初开始对其进行了大量的研究.结合中外40篇参考文献,综述了已有的电化学氧化法处理有机物污染废水的机理,在此基础上分析了该方法存在的一些问题,展望了今后电化学氧化法发展的方向.     

低品位镍磁黄铁矿镍浸出特性及回收方法

对我国某高硅低品位镍磁黄铁矿进行直接酸浸、焙烧--酸浸和细菌浸出比较,并考察硫酸用量及氧化亚铁硫杆菌对浸出率的影响.以稻壳为硫酸盐还原菌固定化载体构建连续上升流固定填充床反应器,以连续上升流方式处理浸出液.结果表明:焙烧使矿物发生烧结,镍被包裹,不利于浸出;细菌浸出Ni2+浸出率为92.16%,质量浓度可达973.22 mg·L-1·T·f.菌在矿物表面形成生物膜,直接与矿物发生作用使矿物溶解,将浸液中Fe2+氧化为Fe3+,Fe3+进一步溶解矿物·浸出液以2200~3600 mL·L-1·d-1的速率经过反应器,Ni2+以NiS的形式吸附于稻壳上,回收率在98%以上,使原矿中NiO质量分数由1.69%上升至稻壳中的11.84%.浸液中98%的Mg2+留在溶液中,利于金属分离.     

矢网在大型天线罩传输损耗测量中的应用研究

传输损耗是天线罩的重要性能指标之一。基于两端口网络散射参数理论,推导了收发天线之间的功率方程的散射参数表达式。阐述了利用矢量网络分析仪和标准喇叭测量天线带罩和不带罩情况下的散射传输参数,从而确定天线罩传输损耗的原理和方法,简述了测量的方法程序。给出了某工程应用的X波段7.2m天线罩的插入损耗测量结果,测试结果满足工程设计要求。该方法在大型整体天线罩测量中具有重要的应用价值。     

用离子交换法从低浓度硫酸镍溶液中回收镍

采用离子交换法对低浓度硫酸镍溶液进行吸附实验,研究影响镍离子回收率的因素,确定最佳工艺条件.结果表明:室温下,pH值对树脂吸附效果影响不大,在反应时间60 min,搅拌速度200 r/min的条件下,镍的回收率能达到90%以上.动力学研究表明,吸附速率主要受液膜扩散控制,吸附等温线遵循Freundlich曲线.红外光谱分析表明,树脂功能基中氧原子与Ni2+形成配位键.     

复方液吸收法处理低浓度苯类废气

低浓度苯类有机废气的常用处理方法有催化燃烧法、活性炭吸附法、微生物处理法及吸收法等 ,其中吸收法投资费用少 ,运行成本低 ,在中小型企业中得到广泛应用。文章结合具体应用实例 ,在传统吸收法的基础上 ,针对低浓度苯类有机废气提出了一种新的复方液吸收法 ,提高了吸收效率 ,使低浓度苯类废气的净化处理效率达到 87.5 %。该项技术具有投资省、运行成本低、净化效率高、易操作等特点 ,有很好的推广应用价值     

乙醇重整制氢对邻氯硝基苯的原位加氢合成邻氯苯胺的研究

制备了两种PVP稳定的负载型稀土金属催化剂, 考察了其催化邻氯硝基苯（o-CNB）选择加氢制备邻氯苯胺（o-CAN）的催化性能. 所用氢气通过乙醇的液相催化重整产生并直接用于邻氯硝基苯的原位加氢. 评价了不同反应条件（温度、时间、Fe修饰剂等）对邻氯硝基苯的选择加氢的影响. 研究表明, PVP-La/γ-Al2O3催化剂比另一贵金属催化剂PVP-Pd/γ-Al2O3拥有更好的催化性能. 同时, 在优化的条件下, Fe修饰的PVP-La/γ-Al2O3催化剂催化的邻氯硝基苯选择加氢反应中, o-CNB的转化     

Nickel solvent extraction from cold purification filter cakes of Angouran mine concentrate using LIX984N

Cold purification filter cakes generated in the hydrometallurgical processing of Angouran mine zinc concentrate commonly contain significant amounts of Zn, Cd, and Ni ions and thus are valuable resources for metal recovery. In this research, a nickel containing solution that was obtained from sulfuric acid leaching of the filter cake following cadmium and zinc removal was subjected to solvent extraction experiments using 10vol% LIX984N diluted in kerosene. Under optimum experimental conditions (pH 5.3, volume ratio of organic/aqueous (O:A) = 2:1, and contact time = 5 min), more than 97.1% of nickel was extracted. Nickel was stripped from the loaded organic by contacting with a 200 g/L sulfuric acid solution, from which 77.7% of nickel was recovered in a single contact at the optimum conditions (pH 1–1.5, O:A = 5:1, and contact time = 15 min).     

硅橡胶膜渗透萃取脱除模拟废水中苯酚的研究

采用自制的硅橡胶（PDMS）平板膜制备成管式膜渗透萃取接触器处理含酚模拟废水,考察了苯酚的去除效果,并与硅橡胶管制成的卷绕式渗透萃取接触器和管式渗透萃取接触器进行了比较。实验结果表明：与硅橡胶管相比,PDMS平板膜的传质阻力减小,总传质系数提高,苯酚去除率、总传质系数和渗透通量分别为979,5、1．77×10^-1m·s^-1、5．73×10^-7g·m^-2·s^-1;硅橡胶管管式膜渗透萃取接触器较卷绕式膜渗透萃取接触器浓差极化小,且膜面积利用率高,硅橡胶管管式和卷绕式膜渗透萃取接触器总传质系数分别为1．25×10^-7m·s^-1和5．11×10^-8sm·s^-1。     

A method for recovery of iron,titanium, and vanadium from vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite

An innovative method for recovering valuable elements from vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite is proposed. This method involves two procedures:low-temperature roasting of vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite and water leaching of roasting slag. During the roasting process, the reduction of iron oxides to metallic iron, the sodium oxidation of vanadium oxides to water-soluble sodium vanadate, and the smelting separation of metallic iron and slag were accomplished simultaneously. Optimal roasting conditions for iron/slag separation were achieved with a mixture thickness of 42.5 mm, a roasting temperature of 1200℃, a residence time of 2 h, a molar ratio of C/O of 1.7, and a sodium carbonate addition of 70wt%, as well as with the use of anthracite as a reductant. Under the optimal conditions, 93.67% iron from the raw ore was recovered in the form of iron nugget with 95.44% iron grade. After a water leaching process, 85.61% of the vanadium from the roasting slag was leached, confirming the sodium oxidation of most of the vanadium oxides to water-soluble sodium vanadate during the roasting process. The total recoveries of iron, vanadium, and titanium were 93.67%, 72.68%, and 99.72%, respectively.     

促进剂对热过滤法回收铜渣氯浸渣中硫的影响

将促进剂应用于热过滤法回收铜渣氯浸渣中硫的研究.研究促进剂种类、热过滤温度、渣剂质量比、保温时间对回收渣中硫的影响.结果表明:使用单一促进剂四乙基二硫代秋兰姆,硫的回收率为76.35%;使用单一促进剂2-硫醇基苯并噻唑,回收率为76.4%;采用四乙基二硫代秋兰姆和2-硫醇基苯并噻唑的复合促进剂,其总的渣剂质量比20∶5,四乙基二硫代秋兰姆与2-硫醇基苯并噻唑的质量比1∶2,温度为135℃,保温时间为30min时,硫的回收率可达91.89%,纯度为99.06%.     

A method for recovery of iron,titanium, and vanadium from vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite

An innovative method for recovering valuable elements from vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite is proposed. This method involves two procedures: low-temperature roasting of vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite and water leaching of roasting slag. During the roasting process, the reduction of iron oxides to metallic iron, the sodium oxidation of vanadium oxides to water-soluble sodium vanadate, and the smelting separation of metallic iron and slag were accomplished simultaneously. Optimal roasting conditions for iron/slag separation were achieved with a mixture thickness of 42.5 mm, a roasting temperature of 1200°C, a residence time of 2 h, a molar ratio of C/O of 1.7, and a sodium carbonate addition of 70 wt%, as well as with the use of anthracite as a reductant. Under the optimal conditions, 93.67% iron from the raw ore was recovered in the form of iron nugget with 95.44% iron grade. After a water leaching process, 85.61% of the vanadium from the roasting slag was leached, confirming the sodium oxidation of most of the vanadium oxides to water-soluble sodium vanadate during the roasting process. The total recoveries of iron, vanadium, and titanium were 93.67%, 72.68%, and 99.72%, respectively.     

双层滤料生物滤池去除城市污水中CODCr和NH3-N的试验研究

研究炉渣-沸石双层滤料曝气生物滤池处理城市污水中CODCr和NH3-N的去除效果,试验结果表明:滤池中两种滤料显示出良好的互补性,滤池对CODCr和NH3-N的去除率稳定;污染冲击负荷对滤池的去除效率影响较小;最优滤池运行参数为气水比2∶1,水力停留时间12 h,反冲洗周期5-6 d;反冲洗后需稳定12 h滤池的处理效率方能恢复到80%以上.