环保型有机硅改性/纳米原位复合聚丙烯酸酯粘合剂的制备

采用正交试验法研究无机纳米粉体的修饰工艺,主要包括:分散温度、分散时间和分散助剂的选择及用量,研究了改性纳米粉体用量对丙烯酸酯粘合剂稳定性、皮膜耐水性等性能的影响。研究结果表明:无水乙醇2%(对单体),40Be°硅酸钠溶液5ml,室温分散30min,确定为SiO2粉体表面修饰的工艺。纳米SiO2相对于纳米TiO2对粘合剂性能提升更加明显,也更易分散,且纳米SiO2用量为丙烯酸酯单体的0.6～0.8%时,可得到应用性能较好的纳米原位复合有机硅改性丙烯酸酯乳液。     

纳米TiO2的棕榈酸表面改性研究

以亲油改性为目的，选用棕榈酸为改性剂对纳米TiO2进行表面改性，使TiO2表面由亲水疏油性变为亲油疏水性；研究了有机改性的影响因素，并用TEM，IR,Zeta（ξ）电位等多种手段对改性效果进行表征，确定了最佳改性温度和最佳改性时间；结果表明．当改性温度为100℃．改性时间为1．5h时，纳米TiO2的改性效果最好．     

油酸修饰TiO2纳米粒子的原位合成及性能

以TiCl4为主要原料、油酸(OA)为改性剂,通过水热法原位合成油酸修饰的TiO2纳米粒子。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X线光电子能谱仪(XPS)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对试样进行表征。结果表明:TiO2纳米粒子表面出现了油酸修饰层,且油酸的浓度直接影响到纳米粒子的形貌;随着油酸浓度的增加,棒状晶体含量逐渐增多。当油酸与Ti4+初始摩尔浓度比为0.8∶1时,未发生明显团聚现象,此时,油酸修饰的TiO2粒子的亲油性最好,在有机溶剂中的分散性也达到最佳。     

抗菌纳米ZnO复合乳液的制备及抑菌效果

选用丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯等单体，对钛酸酯偶联剂改性的抗菌纳米氧化锌进行原位聚合，制备具有核壳结构的纳米ZnO复合乳液；以水溶性羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC—Na）为分散剂，制备纳米ZnO／苯丙共混复合乳液。采用活化指数、亲油化度以及红外光谱评价纳米ZnO的表面改性效果，井对复合乳液的粒径、抑菌性及紫外线屏蔽效应作了系统研究。结果表明，当偶联剂用量为纳米ZnO量的1／10时，改性纳米ZnO的活化指数、亲油化度均达最大；当pH为5—6，CMC—Na用量为3％，改性纳米ZnO的分散效果最好。当改性纳米ZnO含量为0．1％-0．4％，复合乳液具有优良的抑菌作用和紫外线屏蔽功能。     

纳米二氧化钛的原位有机表面改性及性能

低温条件下通过控制TiCl4水解制备出金红石型的纳米TiO2,通过原位表面修饰的方法制备了十二烷基水杨酸(DASA)表面改性的纳米TiO2 (TiO2/DASA).分别采用傅立叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和热分析仪(TGA)对表面改性前后的纳米TiO2进行了表征.通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)和分散稳定性实验分析,DASA能有效改善纳米TiO2在有机介质中的分散性能.在丙烯酸树脂中加入DASA改性的纳米TiO2,并进行超声波分散和成膜,获得了含不同比例纳米TiO2的丙烯酸树脂复合薄膜.原子力显微镜(AFM)分析结果表明DASA表面改性的纳米TiO2在丙烯酸树脂中分散性好,且纳米微粒的引入显著改变了树脂薄膜的表面形貌.对制得的纳米复合涂膜进行紫外-可见吸收光谱分析,结果表明,随着纳米TiO2含量的增加,纳米复合涂膜对紫外光的吸收呈上升趋势,抗紫外线性能增强.     

绿色环保型纳米SiO2改性丙烯酸乳液的研究

为了得到性能稳定的绿色环保丙烯酸复合乳液,将正硅酸乙酯在碱性条件下水解生成的纳米SiO2经过表面改性后引入到环境友好丙烯酸酯乳液中,制备了无机-有机纳米SiO2/聚丙烯酸酯复合乳液.探讨了其合成工艺条件对单体转化率及乳液稳定性的影响.结果表明:聚合温度为75℃,乳化剂用量为5%,引发剂用量为0.6%时,复合乳液单体转化率及稳定性综合效果较好.     

亲油型纳米SiO2的制备及其分散稳定性研究

以硅酸盐为主要原料，通过离子交换制备了纳米SiO2水分散液，研究了原料浓度、表面改性时间、温度、加料方式、改性剂用量等因素对纳米粒子粒径、粒径分布及分散稳定性的影响；该制备方法简便易行，价格便宜，经表面改性后的纳米SiO2粒径小，粒径小，粒径分布窄（φ为8-15nm)，耐酸及耐温性能好，有效解决了纳米SiO2在水相中的稳定分散问题，具有广阔的应用前景。     

纳米SiO2/聚丙烯酸酯组装杂化乳液的合成及表征

通过乳液聚合法成功合成了纳米SiO2／聚丙烯酸酯杂化乳液。首先将纳米SiO2经过表面官能团化处理，使其表面含有活性官能团，然后经过乳液聚合使丙烯酸酯单体在纳米SiO2表面引发聚合，合成了具有核壳结构的纳米杂化乳液。采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)对乳液的微观结构进行了表征，并对胶膜进行了机械力学性能测试和表面润湿性能测试。结果表明纳米SiO2的表面官能团化处理改善了纳米粒子在乳液中的稳定性，当纳米SiO2质量分数为0．2％时，杂化乳液胶膜的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率同时达到最大值。其表面润湿性与SiO2质量分数有关，SiO2质量分数为0．5％时其杂化乳胶膜的接触角最大，耐水性最好。     

纳米TiO2/PBA复合乳液的制备与性能表征

以纳米TiO2水基分散体系和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为主要原料,采用乳液聚合法制备了水性纳米TiO2/PBA(聚丙烯酸丁酯)复合乳液,并用傅里叶红外光谱法、透射电子显微镜、紫外光谱法、热失重法等方法对乳液进行了测试。结果表明:纳米TiO2/PBA复合乳液是核-壳结构,以纳米TiO2为核、聚丙烯酸丁酯为壳;乳液在303 nm处对紫外光有广泛的吸收;加入纳米TiO2粒子后,纳米TiO2/PBA聚合物的热稳定性稍微降低;静置24个月后纳米TiO2/PBA乳液的粒径依然较小,平均粒径为17.41μm,乳液的稳定性好。     

改性纳米TiO2/LDPE复合膜的制备及其抗菌性能

摘要:本文以钛酸丁酯为原料,用溶剂凝胶法制备纳米TiO2,利用SEM观察粉体表面形貌和结构.分别用硅烷偶联剂(KH550, KH570, A171)对纳米粉体进行表面改性,利用SEM、XRD和FTIR,考察改性粉体的表面结构和性质变化.同时测定经改性后粉体的亲油化度值和在水、甲苯和石油醚中的分散情况;采用甲苯作溶剂,将改性粉体与LDPE树脂混合,经流延得到抗菌聚乙烯复合薄膜.利用SEM和数码相机,观察改性纳米TiO2抗菌剂/LDPE复合薄膜的抗菌性能.结果表明,KH570改性粉体在甲苯中的分散性最好,当抗菌粉体的添加量为3.0%时,制得复合薄膜的抗菌性能最好,抗菌率达到99.99%,即具有最好的抗菌效果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that