Na2WO4与BTA复配对碳钢的缓蚀作用

采用交流阻抗法和极化曲线法来研究环境友好型缓蚀剂钨酸盐和苯并三氮唑(BTA)、ZnSO4、D-葡萄糖酸钠等的复配对碳钢的缓蚀效果.研究发现,当缓蚀剂总浓度为5×10-4 mol/L时,钨酸盐和BTA复配摩尔比为2∶1时缓蚀效果最好,当配方中含有4 mg/L ZnSO4,其缓蚀效果有一定增加;再加入10 mg/L D-葡萄糖酸钠后缓蚀效果明显增加.     

海水介质中环境友好型紫铜缓蚀剂的缓蚀性研究(英文)

采用失重法、极化曲线、电镜扫描和XPS能谱分析等方法对苯并三氮唑(BTA)及其复合缓蚀剂对海水中紫铜的缓蚀性能及缓蚀机理进行了研究。实验结果表明:单独使用BTA浓度达到150mg·L-1时,缓蚀率大于90%;BTA与柠檬酸钠复配后,缓蚀率有了很大提高,当BTA浓度为2mg·L-1,柠檬酸钠浓度为20mg·L-1时,缓蚀率达到96.0%,腐蚀速率为0.01014mm/a,缓蚀剂成本大大降低。极化曲线试验结果表明,BTA缓蚀剂在海水中为阴极型缓蚀剂,BTA与柠檬酸钠复合缓蚀剂为混合型缓蚀剂。对添加了缓蚀剂的海水中的紫铜表面进行的扫描电镜测试及XPS能谱分析的实验结果表明:添加了BTA和柠檬酸钠缓蚀剂的紫铜表面光滑,基本没有腐蚀;且在试片表面形成了缓蚀剂各组分均参与成膜的非水溶性保护层,有效的抑制了紫铜在海水中的溶解腐蚀。     

环境友好型水处理剂阻垢缓蚀性能研究

聚天冬氨酸(PASP)具有缓蚀和阻垢双重功能,但用做缓蚀剂时用量较大(100 mg/L).为了降低成本,对聚天冬氨酸、苯并三氮唑(BTA)、钨酸钠和葡糖酸钠进行四元复配研究,得到最佳配方为10 mg/L PASP+0.5 mg/L BTA+20 mg/L钨酸钠+10 mg/L葡萄糖酸钠(总浓度为40.5 mg/L).通过静态阻垢试验、旋转挂片试验、小型动态模拟试验、扫描电镜分析和生物降解试验,对复合配方阻垢缓蚀性能进行了全面研究,该配方对铜的阻垢率和缓蚀率分别为99.22%和0.000 6 mm/a,生物降解率在28 d时高达75.1%,试验结果表明,该配方水处理剂具有较好的阻垢缓蚀效果,且易生物降解,属于环境友好型水处理剂范畴.     

葡萄糖酸钠与二甲氨基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺复配对碳钢缓蚀性能的影响

将葡萄糖酸钠（SG）、二甲氨基丙基甲基丙烯酰胺（DMAPMA）及其复配体系应用于循环冷却水中碳钢的缓蚀。通过失重法、电化学法分别测试了SG、DMAPMA单独使用和复配使用的缓蚀性能。通过光学显微镜、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和分子动力学模拟,探讨了缓蚀机理;通过计算协同参数（S）来衡量SG和DMAPMA协同效应的强弱。结果表明,当体系的总质量浓度为100 mg/L时,复配缓蚀剂的缓蚀率可达到95%以上,当复配缓蚀剂含有50 mg/L SG和50 mg/L DMAPMA时缓蚀效果最好。SG和DMAPMA复配使用具有良好的缓蚀协同作用,可以相互促进吸附,使得其在钢片表面形成致密的保护膜。     

葡萄糖酸钠对7003铝合金的缓蚀性能及其与苯甲酸钠的协同作用

运用极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱等电化学测试技术研究了葡萄糖酸钠对7003铝合金在3.5%NaCl溶液中的缓蚀性能及其与苯甲酸钠的协同作用,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察铝合金的腐蚀形貌。研究结果表明,葡萄糖酸钠能抑制7003铝合金的腐蚀,是一种阳极型缓蚀剂;随着葡萄糖酸钠浓度的增加腐蚀率逐渐减小;当葡萄糖酸钠浓度为0.005mol/L时,缓蚀效率最高为76.92%。此外,葡萄糖酸钠与苯甲酸钠具有良好的协同作用,当葡萄糖酸钠与苯甲酸钠比例为3∶2时,缓蚀率达到86.49%。     

海水介质中环境友好型紫铜缓蚀剂的缓蚀性研究

采用失重法、极化曲线、电镜扫描和XPS能谱分析等方法对苯并三氮唑（BTA）及其复合缓蚀剂对海水中紫铜的缓蚀性能及缓蚀机理进行了研究。实验结果表明：单独使用BTA浓度达到150mg·L^-1时，缓蚀率大于90％；BTA与柠檬酸钠复配后，缓蚀率有了很大提高，当BTA浓度为2mg·L^-1，柠檬酸钠浓度为20mg·L^-1时，缓蚀率达到96．0％，腐蚀速率为0．01014mm／a，缓蚀剂成本大大降低。极化曲线试验结果表明，PGA缓蚀剂在海水中为阴极型缓蚀剂，BTA与柠檬酸钠复合缓蚀剂为混合型缓蚀剂。对添加了缓蚀剂的海水中的紫铜表面进行的扫描电镜测试及XPS能谱分析的实验结果表明：添加了BTA和柠檬酸钠缓蚀剂的紫铜表面光滑，基本没有腐蚀；且在试片表面形成了缓蚀剂各组分均参与成膜的非水溶性保护层，有效的抑制了紫铜在海水中的溶解腐蚀。     

一种复合型缓蚀剂配方的研究

通过对三种缓蚀剂配方的设计与筛选,提出了一种以亚硝酸钠(NaNO2)、次磷酸钠(NaH2PO2·H2O)、苯并三氮唑(BTA)等为主要成分的高效复合型缓蚀剂配方,该配方最佳配比为亚硝酸钠∶次磷酸钠∶苯并三氮唑=10∶3∶0.5(质量比),并研究了苯并三氮唑(BTA)的加入量、缓蚀剂的质量浓度和温度对缓蚀效果的影响,结果表明,缓蚀剂在介质中使用温度范围为10~65℃,质量浓度为100 mg/L时缓蚀效果最佳.     

吐温40及其复配缓蚀剂在原油模拟液中对20 号碳钢的缓蚀性能研究

通过采用失重法、CMB-4510A缓蚀剂快速评定仪、极化曲线法和交流阻抗法研究了在酸性体系溶液中吐温40、硫酸锌、葡萄糖酸钠三种缓蚀剂单独使用及以吐温40为主的二元复配体系对20号碳钢在酸性体系中的缓蚀效果。实验结果表明:温度为30℃,p H值为4时,吐温40可以很好地抑制20号钢的腐蚀;而且吐温40与硫酸锌、葡萄糖酸钠的复配缓蚀剂具有良好的增效作用。     

一种ODA复配缓蚀剂在碳钢表面缓蚀性能的电化学

采用交流阻抗法研究在模拟溶液中一种以十八烷基胺（ODA）为主体的复合缓蚀剂在不同条件下对碳钢电极的缓蚀行为. 结果表明, 经该缓蚀剂处理的碳钢样品耐蚀性明显提高; 成膜效果气相优于液相; 温度在220 ℃左右成膜效果最好; 随着表面粗糙度的增加, 成膜效果变差; 样品在气相中缓蚀性能随缓蚀剂质量浓度的增加而上升, 当质量浓度大于25 mg/L时不再发生显著变化.     

Ce(Ⅲ)盐与葡萄糖酸钠在3.5%NaCl溶液中对碳钢的缓蚀作用

采用失重法和动电位极化曲线法研究Ce(NO3)3、葡萄糖酸钠及其复合物在3.5% NaCl溶液中对碳钢腐蚀的抑制作用,用扫描电镜(SEM)对膜进行表征.结果表明:单独的Ce(NO3)3和葡萄糖酸钠对碳钢均为阴极型缓蚀剂,且缓蚀效率均随着缓蚀剂浓度的增加而增大,但缓蚀效率并不高.不同比例的Ce(NO3)3和葡萄糖酸钠之间均存在明显的协同作用,缓蚀效率约为90%;碳钢在含Ce(NO3)3和葡萄糖酸钠复合缓蚀剂的3.5% NaCl溶液中浸泡24h后表面形成了致密完整的保护膜.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has