动态应变时效对18-8型奥氏体不锈钢持久强度的影响

１８－８型奥氏体不锈钢试样经冷变形和不同工艺的动态应变时效预处理后，在８７３Ｋ温度下进行不同应力水平的持久性能试验．结果表明，动态应变时效预处理提高了材料的高温持久强度，且比冷变形处理具有更好的强化效果。微观组织观测结果很好地解释了其强化作用。     

Al Mg Si RE合金的热变形及对其后时效行为的影响

本文用热扭转法测定了Al Mg Si RE合金温度在500～560℃及应变速率在6×10~(-2)～1.45s~(-1)范围内的流变曲线,观察了动态组织。研究了热变形对Mg_2Si等温析出动力学及直接淬火后时效行为的影响。结果表明热变形可使直接淬火后的时效硬化能力增强,得到较为细小和弥散分布的时效强化相。     

微量磷及冷变形对Cu-17Ni-17Mn合金时效动力学的影响

通过测定硬度和电阻率研究了微量磷和冷变形对Cu-17Ni-17Mn合金时效动力学的影响。结果表明:(1)0.1％左右磷降低合金高温(450℃) 和低温(350℃)时效速率,大大降低低温时效强化效果,但对高温时效强化效果影响不大;(2)时效前的冷变形明显提高高温时效速率,但对低温时效速率影响较小;(3)该合金的时效动力学符合Avrami方程。时效前经过冷变形的试样在420℃长期时效时,可能伴随有再结晶过程发生。     

形变热处理对Cu0.3Cr0.1Zr合金上引铸坯杆组织性能的影响

通过对上引Cu-0.3Cr-0.1Zr合金固溶处理、冷拉拔以及随后的时效处理工艺,研究冷拉拔形变及时效对材料力学性能、导电性能及组织结构的影响规律.结果表明:时效前的冷拉拔变形能提高Cu-0.3Cr-0.1Zr合金的力学性能而保持较高的导电率;合金在950 ℃固溶1 h后,经70%冷拉拔变形和500 ℃时效4 h,合金抗拉强度和导电率分别达到了418 MPa和87 %IACS;时效合金组织转变过程为:固溶体→G.P.区→Cr+Cu₄Zr,析出相对位错运动的阻碍是合金强化的重要机制.     

形变时效工艺对低铍Cu-Ni-Be合金力学性能和电导率的影响

运用正交设计研究形变时效工艺(冷变形量、时效温度和时效时间)对低铍含量Cu-Ni-Be合金力学性能和电导率的影响,并通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜对其显微组织进行分析。研究结果表明:在形变时效处理的3个主要工艺参数中,时效时间对抗拉强度、屈服强度和相对电导率的影响最大,时效温度次之,冷变形量最小;合金在经过37.5%冷变形的轧制后,在470℃时效2h,γ″析出物细小且弥散分布在基体中,合金具有较好的综合性能。     

纯铁药型罩材料的动态应力-应变行为

利用Hopkinson杆技术对经930℃下退火2h的纯铁药型罩材料进行了冲击压缩实验,测定了该材料在不同应变率下的动态应力-应变关系.借助光学显微镜对变形后纯铁的组织进行了观察,研究了在不同应变率下变形过程中纯铁的组织演变和动态应力-应变行为.研究表明:在650～3850s-1的应变率范围内,纯铁药型罩材料有显著的孪生变形,发生了明显的应变强化和应变率强化效应,且最大应变也随应变率的提高而增加;在高应变率冲击下,孪生和滑移是纯铁的主要塑性变形机制,也是纯铁高应变率增强增塑的主要机制.     

50Mn18Cr4N奥氏体钢显微组织对冷变形强化性能的影响

本文概述了高强度发电机无磁性护环近年的发展。实验研完了50Mn18Cr4N奥氏体钢热锻后的显微组织的特征,及其对冷变形强化机械性能的影响,并给出了各种显微组织的真应力—应变曲线。 实验研究结果表明,改善锻后的显微组织(细化与匀化晶粒尺寸,减少碳化物M_(23)C_8)能有效地提高护环冷变形强化后的屈服强度和塑性指标。     

2014铝合金的形变时效处理

采用拉伸实验、透射电镜和光学金相法,研究了固溶处理水淬后较大程度冷变形对2014铝合金时效后组织和性能的影响·结果指出:采用较大变形程度(65%)冷轧,再进行低温短时间时效(160℃,30min),可使2014合金的强度得到显著提高(σb=568MPa),其延伸率(δ=116%)仍不低于常规时效处理(固溶处理,水淬,160℃,12h)的延伸率;经这样冷变形的2014合金,在稍高温度短时间回复处理,将导致时效强化能力显著降低·     

S38MnSiV非调质钢热变形行为及组织演变

利用MMS-300热模拟试验机开展单道次压缩实验和光学显微组织观察,研究了S38MnSiV非调质钢在温度为1173~1423K及应变速率为001~10s-1条件下的热变形行为,获得了应变速率和变形温度对该钢动态再结晶行为及组织的影响规律,按照双曲正弦方法确定了实验钢的热变形激活能和本构方程.结果表明:变形温度越高,应变速率越低,越有利于动态再结晶的发生;随着动态再结晶的进行,奥氏体平均晶粒尺寸随应变的增加逐渐减小;当应力达到稳态时,奥氏体晶粒尺寸不再随应变而发生变化.     

时效处理对Cu-Fe-P合金硬度和导电率的影响

研究了时效及时效前的冷变形和时效后冷却方式对Cu 2 .5wt? 0 .0 3wt%P合金显微硬度和导电率的影响。结果表明 ,合金固溶后 ,时效前冷变形可促进析出相形核和生长 ,而时效后炉冷比空冷更易获得较高导电率 ;在 5 2 5℃时效 3h ,随炉缓冷可使合金导电率达 6 7%IACS ,再经 80 %冷变形 ,4 2 0℃时效 3h后 ,可以使合金导电率和显微硬度进一步提高 ,精整变形后 ,分别达 6 8%IACS和 14 5HV。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that