二维采空区非线性渗流问题和解法

本文针对二维采空区非线性渗流问题不能建立如二维线性渗流的势函数方程,提出了非线性渗流的流函数方程。流函数方程的建立为解决二维采空区非线性渗流问题提供了理论基础,使二维采空区非线性渗流问题归结为求解二维非线性渗流流函数方程的边值问题。文末简单分析了用有限元方法和差分法解此边值问题的途径以及用改进的牛顿迭代法解高次非线性方程组问题。参考文献5。     

基于改进蚁群算法的城市公交线网规划方法研究

城市公交线网规划是一个复杂的非线性组合优化问题,目前对于该问题的求解仍存在收敛性和计算速度问题。为解决此问题,提出了一种通过动态调整信息素挥发因子来控制其正反馈过程的改进蚁群算法,提高了网络规划过程中得到全局最优解的概率和收敛速度。算例结果表明：规划结果符合实际,并在相同参数下,改进蚁群算法的迭代次数减少约一半,充分验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

收敛的非线性迭代数列x_(n+1)=g(x_n)的等价数列

本文讨论在非线性迭代xn+1=g(xn)过程中,当迭代数列{xn}收敛时,给出与迭代数列{xn}收敛速度相同的等价数列.     

某突出矿煤岩非Darcy流渗流稳定性实验研究

为了获得煤岩非Darcy流渗透特性,利用MTS-02型岩石力学试验系统采用全程位移控制对煤与瓦斯突出矿煤样进行了全应力应变过程数控瞬态渗透法试验。计算出煤样破坏过程中不同应变下非Darcy流渗透率、非Darcy流β因子、加速度系数及渗流稳定性指数,并给出发生渗流失稳所需的压力梯度。研究表明:该突出矿煤样的渗流稳定性指数χ的负值较多出现在峰值应力后并且其发生渗流失稳所需的压力梯度较大。     

饱和粘土非线性渗流问题

渗透性是土的基本特性之一,Darcy线性渗流定律自发现以来到现在一直被广泛应用于几乎所有类型土质。然而土体的非线性渗流现象也几乎一直见诸文献报道,依然是研究的热点和焦点。本文回顾了饱和粘土非线性渗流特性的发现过程,主要是初始水力梯度i0与渗流速度-水力梯度间（v-i）非线性关系两方面的研究历程。概括了粘土非线性渗流研究中所选用的实验方法、渗透实验中误差来源及实验方法与现场测试方法的比较。     

利用瞬态法提取岩样非Darcy流渗透特性

建立了一种测定岩样非Darcy流渗透特性试验系统的动力学模型.基于岩样两端孔隙压差的时间序列,利用差分计算或曲线拟合得到渗流速度及其变化率的时间序列.通过线性回归,得到岩样的Forchheimer非Darcy流渗透特性,即渗透率、非Darcy流β因子和加速度系数.试验结果表明,无论岩样处于峰前还是峰后应力状态,岩样中的渗流都不服从Darcy定律;当非Darcy流β因子为正时,非Darcy流的渗透率κ小于Darcy流的渗透率κD;渗透率(κ和κD)、非Darcy流β因子和加速度系数可近似表示为应变的幂指数函数;三种渗透特性中的每两种整体上存在幂指数关系;在加载的初始阶段,由于孔隙和微裂隙的压缩和闭合,渗透率随应变减小,而非Darcy流β因子和加速度系数随应变增大;随后,由于裂隙的扩展,岩样的渗透率迅速增大,而非Darcy流β因子和加速度系数迅速减小,并在峰值应力附近达各自的极值;由于围压的作用,峰后应力状态下岩样的渗透特性随应变的变化缓慢.图3,参18.     

自适应松弛对湍流k-ε模型方程加速求解作用

提出了湍流k-ε模型方程迭代求解中自适应松弛方法。该方法能根据迭代求解过程得到一系列最优松弛因子,从而提高收敛求解速度与性能。计算结果表明自适应松弛方法是相当有效的,使湍流求解收敛速度提高了2.5倍。     

破碎岩体渗流的试验及理论研究综述

阐述了破碎岩体渗流的研究意义,对其试验及理论研究现状分别进行了总结,给出了破碎岩体通过试验得到的各种非线性渗流公式,指出承压破碎岩体的渗流随着孔隙率的减小,渗透率减小,而Darcy流偏离因子的绝对值增加;然后根据破碎岩体渗流的非稳态非线性渗流动力学模型,通过平衡态的稳定性分析,指出破碎岩体渗流动力系统存在鞍结分岔及折叠突变;最后展望了破碎岩体渗流的研究趋势,指出破碎岩体变形场与渗流场的动态耦合及温度场与渗流场的耦合研究有待于深入.     

采动岩体渗流与煤矿灾害防治

针对煤矿采动破碎岩体高渗透、非Darcy流等特性,利用自行研制的渗流试验装置进行渗透性测试,并在此基础上建立了能够描述采动岩体渗流非线性和随机性特征的渗流理论.以采场底板隔水关键层力学模型为基础,建立了以采动岩体渗流失稳为突水判据的预测预报体系.分析了综放工作面瓦斯涌出规律及采空区瓦斯运移规律,开发出治理高产高效综放工作面瓦斯超限的J型通风技术.     

时变渗透特性的底板中水渗流过程分析

为了研究变渗透特性围岩中水渗流的稳定性,建立了一种渗透率、非Darcy流β因子和加速度系数按时间的反正切函数变化的渗流系统动力学模型.利用数值方法讨论了渗流速度的演化规律,论述了突水是否渗流失稳的表现.研究表明:由于非Darcy流β因子恒为正值,渗流系统总是稳定的;当渗透特性随时间变化时,渗流速度从一稳定值平滑地过渡到一新的稳定值,新的稳定值与原稳定值之比可以增大到几万至几百万倍,但是总是有限的;突水是岩层结构破裂引起的渗流速度快速或急剧变化,但渗流速度不可能无止境地增大,即渗流不可能失稳.用渗流失稳解释突水是不合理的.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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