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2009年全球爆发的甲型H1N1流感由一种源于猪流感病毒、致人急性呼吸道疾病的新型流感病毒所致.本文总结了甲型H1N1流感病毒感染病例的临床特征、治疗及研究展望. 相似文献
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简述甲型(H1N1)流感疫情 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
一场突如其来的猪流感疫情在2009年4月13日起在墨西哥蔓延.墨西哥于2009年4月26日晚宣布,墨西哥确认和疑似死于猪流感的总人数升至103人,继之很快上升到1 300人. 相似文献
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本文主要总结2009年至2010年甲流流行期的学校管理,重点介绍了学校各部门的主要职责划分、措施及各部门之间的协调与配合,在发生公告卫生事件时更好的为学生和社会服务,从容应对突发事件,确保学校的安全与稳定. 相似文献
4.
林桂梅 《大理学院学报:综合版》2011,10(6):99-100
2009年12月13日我科收治重症甲型H1N1流感产妇1例,经积极抗病毒、对症、支持等治疗及精心护理,住院治疗10 d,病情痊愈出院,现将护理体会报告如下。1病例介绍患者女性,20岁,农民,因咳嗽6 d,发热3 d,呼吸困难25 h于2009年12月13日01:00入 相似文献
5.
本文主要介绍甲型H1N1流感的特性,并结合工作实际对甲型H1N1流感的防控作了深入的探讨,对于群发性传染疾病的预防护理给出指导性意见。 相似文献
6.
通过填写问卷的方式了解医护人员在面对甲型H1N1流感疫情的不同阶段的职业紧张状况。共得到有效问卷71份,流行期间31份,流行过后40份,使用Excel及SPSS16.0对结果进行分析,得出结论,医护人员职业特殊性使得他们在心理上受到一定的影响。 相似文献
7.
甲型H1N1流感在美国传播期和墨西哥暴发期的气象条件与中国初夏气候特点的相似分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
2009年5月初,甲型H1N1流感在其发源地墨西哥已得到有效控制,但在美国却快速传播.初步研究表明,气温上升、降水增多对于墨西哥甲型H1N1流感传播趋于平稳和减少起到一定的作用.而纬度较高的美国恰在春夏之交,气温适中、多雨、少光照,气象条件与墨西哥暴发时相似.中国与美国同处于北半球中纬度,6月份中国大部地区气象条件与美国快速传播期地区的气象条件相似,这有可能使得中国的预防和控制期延长.因此,应密切关注中国相似气象条件地区的预防和控制工作,切实做好6月份中国流行性疾病多发易发这一敏感时期的预防和控制工作. 相似文献
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目的探讨甲型H1N1流感患儿免疫球蛋白水平变化及临床意义。方法采用放射免疫法检测51例甲型H1N1流感患儿(其中非危重组31例,危重组20例)急性期和恢复期以及对照组25例健康儿童外周静脉血的Ig,A、IgG、IgM、C3水平,并对结果进行分析。结果非危重组急性期和恢复期及对照组血清IgA、IgG、C3水平两两比较,差异均无统计学意义(P〉0.05);危重组急性期血清IgA、IgG、C3水平低于非危重组急性期和对照组(P〈0.05),恢复期血清IgA、I如、C3水平上升,与急性期比较差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05);危重组和非危重组恢复期血清IsA、Is,G、C3水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。非危重组、危重组及对照组血清IgM两两比较,差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05)。结论甲型H1N1流感患儿免疫球蛋白水平变化与病情严重性有关,危重患儿表现为急性期血清IgA、IgG、C3水平降低,恢复期恢复正常,提示危重甲型H1N1患儿体液免疫抑制是暂时的、可逆的。 相似文献
10.
自从2009年3月18日墨西哥发现的首例甲型H1N1流感病例以来,在众多国家科研工作者的共同努力下,这种新流感病毒已经开始慢慢向人们揭开面纱。尤其是2009年4月27日公布从美国加利福尼亚州患者身上获得并分离得到的病毒基因序列后,研究人员陆续获得初步研究成果。研究表明:这种病毒基因组由禽流感、猪流感和人流感病毒基因混合而成,是一种新型的甲型H1N1流感病毒,它所引起的流感具有高度传染、传播迅速、易流行的特点。该病毒既有甲型流感病毒的共有特征,也有其特殊性。本文对该病毒的分类与命名、基因组结构特点与变异、相关蛋白及其功能作一综述以便对甲型H1N1流感的诊断、预防、治疗有所帮助。 相似文献
11.
2009年北京市甲型H1N1流行的气象因子与时空传播风险 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2009年8月初,甲型H1N1逐步在北京市本地人群中大范围传播扩散。实验室检测表明,甲型H1N1阳性病例占流感样病例的比例(从0.0086到0.7035)呈逐步上升趋势。本研究利用相关性统计分析方法,探索了2009年8月3日—11月8日甲型H1N1阳性率和4个气象因子(气温、相对湿度、降水量、风速)之间的关联关系。结果表明,甲型H1N1阳性率与气温的相关系数为-0.9458(P<0.05),甲型H1N1阳性率与相对湿度的相关系数为-0.4581(P<0.1),干冷环境下的甲型H1N1阳性率显著偏高。本研究构建了利用气温和相关湿度估算甲型H1N1阳性率的逻辑斯谛模型,反演得到了北京市每个区县每天的甲型H1N1阳性率,分析了北京市甲型H1N1流行的时空传播风险。 相似文献
12.
The novel H1N1 Influenza A global airline transmission and early warning without travel containments
ChaoYi Chang ChunXiang Cao Qiao Wang Yu Chen ZhiDong Cao Hao Zhang Lei Dong Jian Zhao Min Xu MengXu Gao ShaoBo Zhong QiSheng He JinFeng Wang XiaoWen Li 《科学通报(英文版)》2010,55(26):3030-3036
A novel influenza A (H1N1) has been spreading worldwide. Early studies implied that international air travels might be key cause of a severe potential pandemic without appropriate containments. In this study, early outbreaks in Mexico and some cities of United States were used to estimate the preliminary epidemic parameters by applying adjusted SEIR epidemiological model, indicating transmissibility infectivity of the virus. According to the findings, a new spatial allocation model totally based on the real-time airline data was established to assess the potential spreading of H1N1 from Mexico to the world. Our estimates find the basic reproductive number R0 of H1N1 is around 3.4, and the effective reproductive number fall sharply by effective containment strategies. The finding also implies Spain, Canada, France, Panama, Peru are the most possible country to be involved in severe endemic H1N1 spreading. 相似文献
13.
CHEN JiMing SUN YingXue LIU Shuo JIANG WenMing CHEN Jie HOU GuangYu LI JinPing 《科学通报(英文版)》2009,54(13):2174-2178
The origin of the new A (H1N1) influenza virus recently emerging in North America is a hot controversial topic of significance in disease control and risk assessment. Some experts claimed that it was an unusually mongrelized mix of human, avian and swine influenza viruses, while some others concluded that it was totally a simple re-assortment hybrid of two lineages of swine influenza viruses. Here the phylogenetic diversity of the viral PB1, PA and PB2 gene sequences using online web servers, and the results suggest that all the 8 genetic segments of the new virus were possibly from two lineages of swine influenza viruses, and one of the lineage was a mongrelized mix of human, avian and swine influenza viruses emerging in the world approximately 10 years ago. Considering the recent epidemiological trends of the new virus, we believe it will spread more widely in the world and persist long in human populations. It also could spread among swine populations. The future wide spreading of the new virus may coincide the disappearance of a subtype of previous human influenza A virus. 相似文献
14.
XIAO Hong TIAN HuaiYu ZHAO Jian ZHANG XiXing LI YaPin LIU Yi LIU RuChun CHEN TianMu 《科学通报(英文版)》2011,56(24):2613-2620
Influenza A (H1N1) was spread widely between cities and towns by road traffic and had a major impact on public health in China in 2009. Understanding regulation of its transmission is of great significance with urbanization ongoing and for mitigation of damage by the epidemic. We analyzed influenza A (H1N1) spatiotemporal transmission and risk factors along roads in Changsha, and combined diffusion velocity and floating population size to construct an epidemic diffusion model to simulate its transmission between cities and towns. The results showed that areas along the highways and road intersections had a higher incidence rate than other areas. Expressways and county roads played an important role in the rapid development stage and the epidemic peak, respectively, and intercity bus stations showed a high risk of disease transmission. The model simulates the intensity and center of disease outbreaks in cities and towns, and provides a more complete simulation of the disease spatiotemporal process than other models. 相似文献
15.
The epidemic situation of A H1N1 flu arose in North America in April 2009, which rapidly expanded to three continents of Europe, Asia and Africa, with the risk ranking up to 5. Until May 13th, the flu virus of A H1N1 had spread into 33 countries and regions, with a laboratory confirmed case number of 5728, including 61 deaths. Based on IRV and EpiFluDB database, 425 parts of A H1N1 flu virus sequence were achieved, followed by sequenced comparison and evolution analysis. The results showed that the current predominant A H1N1 flu virus was a kind of triple reassortment A flu virus: (i) HA, NA, MP, NP and NS originated from swine influenza virus; PB2 and PA originated from bird influenza virus; PB1 originated from human influenza virus. (ii) The origin of swine influenza virus could be subdivided as follows: HA, NP and NS originated from classic swine influenza virus of H1N1 subtype; NA and MP originated from bird origin swine influenza virus of H1N1 subtype. (iii) A H1N1 flu virus experienced no significant mutation during the epidemic spread, accompanied with no reassortment of the virus genome. In the paper, the region of the representative strains for sequence analysis (A/California/04/2009 (H1N1) and A/Mexico/4486/2009 (H1N1)) included USA and Mexico and was relatively wide, which suggested that the analysis results were convincing. 相似文献
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对一起鸡传染病进行了病原鉴定并对其自然死亡的46例蛋鸡进行了临床病理学研究,结果表明,本起鸡病为A型禽流感,H5N1亚型,属高致死性(HPAI);急性热性出血性败血症;急性坏死性胰腺炎;非化脓性脑炎;卡他性上呼吸道炎;卡他性、间质性肺炎。 相似文献
17.
禽流感病毒H5N1是可以直接感染人类的甲型流感病毒,发展植物源口服疫苗是疫苗研究的方向之一.本研究通过农杆菌介导的方法将禽流感病毒H5N1的HA基因转化烟草.共获得38株潮霉素抗性植株,经PCR和Southern-blotting检测,目的基因已整合到转基因植株的基因组中.Western-dotting检测结果表明,目的基因在转基因烟草中得到表达,具有免疫原性,获得了能够表达HA基因的植物口服疫苗候选植株. 相似文献
18.
Subtypes of H1N1 influenza virus can be found in humans in North America, while they are also associated with the infection of swine. Characterization of the genotypes of viral strains in human populations is important to understand the source and distribution of viral strains. Genomic and protein sequences of 10 isolates of the 2009 outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) virus in North America were obtained from GenBank database. To characterize the genotypes of these viruses, phylogenetic trees of genes PB2, PB1, PA, HA, NP, NA, NS and M were constructed by Phylip3.67 program and N-Linked glycosylation sites of HA, NA, PB2, NS1 and M2 proteins were analyzed online by NetNGlyc1.0 program. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that these isolates are virtually identical but may be recombinant viruses because their genomic fragments come from different viruses. The isolates also contain a characteristic lowly pathogenic amino acid motif at their HA cleavage sites (IPSIQSR↓GL), and an E residue at position 627 of the PB2 protein which shows its high affinity to humans. The homologous model of M proteins showed that the viruses had obtained the ability of anti-amantadine due to the mutation at the drug-sensitive site, while sequence analysis of NA proteins indicated that the viruses are still susceptible to the neuraminidase inhibitor drug (i.e. oseltamivir and zanamivir) because no mutations have been observed. Our results strongly suggested that the viruses responsible for the 2009 outbreaks of influenza A (H1N1) virus have the ability to cross species barriers to infect human and mammalian animals based on molecular analysis. These findings may further facilitate the therapy and prevention of possible transmission from North America to other countries. 相似文献
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2009年初,世界各地先后发生了甲型H1N1流感.针对加拿大2009年疫情,建立了恰当的ARIMA模型,以实现每日H1N1疫情的预测.经过实证分析,预测的绝对误差在11%以内,总的平均误差是8.39%,该模型成功地对加拿大2009年疫情进行了预测. 相似文献
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目的克隆、表达和鉴定禽流感病毒H5N1血凝素基因(hemagglutinin,HA)和神经氨酸酶基因(neuramidinase,NA)序列,为制备抗体和基因工程疫苗打下基础。方法在成功克隆禽流感病毒H5N1全长HA、NA基因并测序的基础上,将部分基因序列克隆到表达载体pMET A上,构建了重组表达质粒pMET A/HA(49~1 587 bp)、pMET A/NA(121~1 200 bp),电转化真核酵母菌pMAD16,甲醇诱导表达,利用Ni2+亲和层析柱对重组蛋白进行纯化,并用Western Blotting和ELISA方法检测其抗原性。结果重组蛋白在酵母菌中可以高效表达,SDS-PAGE显示蛋白表达后形成了二聚体,蛋白纯度占总蛋白的95%以上,ELISA和Western Blotting实验证实,重组蛋白具有良好的抗原性。结论本研究成功克隆和表达了禽流感病毒H5N1 HA、NA基因序列,为禽流感病毒H5N1诊断试剂和疫苗的开发等进一步的研究提供了依据。 相似文献