高磷酸盐容量脱磷剂的试验研究

介绍了不锈钢脱磷的不同方法，认为弱氧化脱磷是有前途的。用ＣａＯ－ＢａＯ－ＣａＦ２渣系对不锈钢脱磷进行了试验，证明采用２０％ＣａＯ，６０％ＢａＣＯ３，１５％ＣａＦ２，５％Ｃｒ２Ｏ３的组成渣，可以取得较为理想的脱磷效果     

钢包精炼渣成分的最优化

本文用正交设计方法对用于钢包精炼的ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＭｇＯ－ＣａＦ２渣系成分进行优化，试验表明影响炉渣泡沫稳定性能的因素依次为碱度，ＣａＦ２，Ａｌ２Ｏ３和ＭｇＯ的含量，最佳的精炼渣组成为：ＣａＯ３９．３％，ＳｉＯ２１９．７％，Ａｌ２Ｏ３２５％，ＭｇＯ６％，ＣａＦ２１０％（Ｂ＝２）     

CaO-MgO-CaF2-Al2O3-SiO2五元渣系粘度的计算模型

依据炉渣结构的共存理论和五元渣系ＣａＯ－ＭｇＯ－ＣａＦ２－ＳｉＯ２－Ａｌ２３在不同温度和成分下的实测粘度值,制定了本渣系的作用浓度和粘度计算模型,计算结果符合实际,证明计算模型可以反映ＣａＯ－ＭｇＯ－ＣａＦ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２渣系的实际结构与粘度、结构单元的作用浓度及温度之间的正确关系。     

含铬铁水脱磷用BaO基渣系中Cr2O3的溶解度

测定了１４００℃下ＢａＯ基渣系中Ｃｒ２Ｏ３的溶解度，探讨了碱土金属离子、卤离子、杂质成分对Ｃｒ２Ｏ３溶解度的影响，推测得到了１４００℃时ＢａＯ－ＢａＦ２－Ｃｒ２Ｏ３，ＢａＯ－ＢａＣｌ２－Ｃｒ２Ｏ３的相图。此外，还探讨了Ｃｒ２Ｏ３在渣中的存在形态。     

电渣重熔钢钢水离心浇铸用熔渣

有衬电渣炉炼制的钢水进行离心浇注的过程中，选定ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ２－ＣａＦ２－Ｎａ２Ｏ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＭｇＯ渣系，按给定渣系成分的熔渣进行带渣离心浇注试验，试验结果表明：新渣系未对浇注钢水产生任何污染，形成的渣皮非常均匀，厚度仅在１～２ｍｍ之间，有效地防止了表面裂纹和气孔的产生。     

1673K下BaO-BaF2-Cr2O3渣系的热力学性种

１６７３Ｋ下,采用－Ｍｏ│Ｃｒ＋Ｃｒ２Ｏ３‖ＺｒＯ２（ＭｇＯ）‖｛Ｃｕ＋Ｃｒ｝ａｌｌｏｙ＋（Ｃｒ２Ｏ３）ｓｌａｇ│Ｍ固体电解质电池测定了ＢａＯ－ＢａＦ２－Ｃｒ２Ｏ３渣系中Ｃｒ２Ｏ３的活度,研究结果表明,Ｃｒ２Ｏ３的活度随其浓度升高而升高。随ＸＢａＯ／ＸＢａＦ２升高而降低。根据实验及Ｘ射线衍射结果推测了该渣系的等温相图,并作出了该渣系中Ｃｒ２Ｏ４的等活度图。     

低磷高碳钢冶炼过程中磷的控制

分析了冶炼低磷高碳钢可能回磷的途径。指出低磷高碳钢冶炼过程中的回磷，主要发生在炉内，即终点分析到出钢前这段时间内，而盛钢桶内回磷量较少。此时，由于终点钢水含碳量较高，炉渣中∑（ＦｅＯ）含量少，造成炉渣中Ｃａ￣２＋，Ｏ￣２－量减少，减弱了Ｃａ￣２＋对ＰＯ＿４￣３－的稳定作用，致使ＰＯ＿４￣３－分解；同时，液渣量减少，降低了炉渣积蓄Ｐ＿２Ｏ＿５的能力，从而造成回磷。提出了高碳钢冶炼过程中去磷及减少回磷的措施，并对其机理进行了探讨。     

熔渣的氮容量及氮在渣气和渣钢中的分配

用铂坩埚测定了熔渣氮容量,在大气条件下,测得（质量分数／％）１０ＣａＯ－３３ＢａＯ－４９Ａｌ２Ｏ３－８ＴｉＯ２和５４ＣａＯ－２１Ａｌ２Ｏ３－６ＭｇＯ－６ＳｉＯ２－１３ＣａＦ２２种渣系的氮容量分别为１０＾－６和１０＾－５次方数量级,采用氧化镁坩埚测定了氮在钢与炉外精炼常用渣之间的分配系数。     

石墨还原CaO－SiO_2－Al_2O_3－FeO熔渣过程中泡沫化行为

石墨还原ＣａＯ－ＳｉＯ_２－Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３－ＦｅＯ熔渣过程中泡沫化行为黄宗泽，肖兴国，肖泽强，ＳＤ辛格在１４４０～１５３０Ｃ，通过Ｘ射线装置观测了石墨活原ＣａＯ－ＳＩＯ；－ＡＩ。Ｏ。－ＦｅＯ＄渣（ＣａＯ）／ＳＩＯ。一０·７５～１·５）中ＦｅＯ反应过程中?..     

含BaO保护渣熔点及粘度的研究

测试了ＢａＯ－ＳｉＯ２－ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３（５％）－Ｎａ２Ｏ（１０％）－ＣａＦ２（１０％）六元渣系的熔点及粘度。绘出了熔点曲线图及粘度曲线图。求出了性质与化学组成的数学系式。在此基础上，提出了含ＢａＯ保护渣恰当的组成范围。     

水泥—磷尾渣复合材料修复铅、镉污染土壤的再溶出特性研究

为了解决Pb、Cd污染土壤修复难的问题,选用水泥—磷尾渣对Pb、Cd污染土壤进行修复处理.利用短期溶出试验(醋酸溶出法、硫酸—硝酸溶出法)和长期溶出试验(半动态溶出试验)评估了水泥—磷尾渣修复后Pb、Cd污染土壤的再溶出特性.结果表明:水泥—磷尾渣对Pb、Cd有极好的固定效果,可大幅度降低污染土壤中Pb、Cd的溶出特性...     

反应条件对钢渣除磷的影响

为了更好地利用钢渣具有较大的比表面积、孔隙率和密度,易于固液分离且不易形成二次污染等特点来处理废水,确定反应条件对钢渣除磷效果的影响,对污水中磷的初始浓度、钢渣用量、钢渣粒径、温度、p H值等因素进行了研究.研究结果表明,磷的初始浓度越大,反应平衡得越快,对除磷总量影响比较显著;随着钢渣用量增加、钢渣粒径减小,磷去除量显著增大;钢渣对磷的去除适宜在偏酸性条件下进行,p H=4时去除率最高;20~35℃条件下温度对钢渣处理效果的影响较小.     

Cemented backfilling performance of yellow phosphorus slag

The experiments on the cemented backfilling performance of yellow phosphorus slag, including physical-mechanical properties, chemical compositions, optimized proportion, and cementation mechanisms, were carried out to make good use of yellow phosphorus slag as well as tackle with environment problems, safety problems, geological hazards, and high-cost issues during mining in Kaiyang Phosphorus Mine Group, Guizhou. The results show that yellow phosphorus slag can be used as the cement substitute for potential coagulation property. Quicklime, hydrated lime, and other alkaline substances can eliminate the high residual phosphorus to improve the initial strength of backfilling body. The recommended proportions (mass ratio) are 1:1 (yellow phosphorus slag:phosphorous gypsum), 1:4:10 (Portland cement: yellow phosphorus slag:phosphorous gypsum), and 1:4:10 (ultrafine powder:yellow phosphorus slag:phosphorous gypsum) with 5wt% of hydrated lime addition, 60wt% of solid materials, no fly ash addition, and good rheological properties. The hydration reaction involves hydration stage, solidifying stage, and strength stage with Ca(OH)2 as the activating agent. The reaction rates of yellow phosphorus slag, Portland cement, and ultrafine powder hydration with the increase of microstructure stability and initial strength.     

Anti-crack performance of phosphorus slag concrete

Anti-crack performance of concrete with phosphorus slag and fly ash singly and compositely added is investigated in terms of physical performance, hydration heat, dry shrinkage and creep, and index K is introduced to evaluate the crack resistance of phosphorus slag concrete. Results show that strength of phosphorus slag concrete increases with fineness increasing and when surface specific area is greater than 300 m²/kg the tendency slows down. Strength decreases with phosphorus slag content increasing and there is an optimal content existing between 30% and 50%. Both phosphorus slag and fly ash have obvious effect on elongating time setting, reducing hydration heat to a large extent and increasing creep value. Crack resistance of phosphorus slag concrete is divided into three stages, namely early hazardous stage, growth stage and later mature stage. With microstructure analysis, mechanism of effect of phosphorus slag on concrete performances and P and F on cement hydration is explored. It is concluded after comprehensive evaluation that the crack resistance of phosphorus slag concrete is approximate to, even to some extent better than that of fly ash concrete. Foundation item: Supported by the Guizhou Goupitan Hydro-Power Plant Project     

人工湿地填料的磷吸附特性研究

选取太湖流域常见的碎石、炉渣、石膏和紫砂作为人工湿地基质,研究它们对磷的吸附特性.结果表明,这4种基质对磷的吸附符合Langmuir方程,对磷的吸附量为石膏>碎石>炉渣>紫砂.这4种基质吸附的磷主要以Ca-P的形态存在.在太湖流域,碎石和石膏可单独作为人工湿地填料,炉渣pH较高,不宜单独使用;紫砂吸附性能较差,宜和其他3种填料混合使用。     

Slag formation path during dephosphorization process in a converter

The slag formation path is important for efficient dephosphorization in steelmaking processes. The phosphorus capacity and the melting properties of the slag are critical parameters for optimizing the slag formation path. Regarding these two factors, the phosphorus par-tition ratio was calculated using the regular solution model (RSM), whereas the liquidus diagrams of the slag systems were estimated using the FactSage thermodynamic package. A slag formation path that satisfies the different requirements of dephosphorization at different stages of dephosphorization in a converter was thus established through a combination of these two aspects. The composition of the initial slag was considered to be approximately 15wt%CaO–44wt%SiO2–41wt%FeO. During the dephosphorization process, a slag formation path that fol-lows a high-iron route would facilitate efficient dephosphorization. The composition of the final dephosphorization slag should be approxi-mately 53wt%CaO–25.5wt%SiO2–21.5wt%FeO. The composition of the final solid slag after dephosphorization is approximately 63.6wt%CaO–30.3wt%SiO2–6.1wt%FeO.     

BaO基渣系对不锈钢脱磷能力的影响

在１７７３Ｋ，通过磷在ＢａＯ基渣系和不锈钢粗钢液之间的平衡实验，研究得出磷酸盐容量和渣组成，光学碱度及温度的关系。     

灰漠土人工湿地基质对磷的吸附性能研究

研究了灰漠土作为人工湿地基质对磷的吸附性能,并与炉渣基质进行了对比试验。结果表明,灰漠土具有比炉渣更快的吸附速度,当吸附磷溶液初始质量浓度为10mg/L时,灰漠土和炉渣对磷的最大吸附量分别为92mg/kg和78mg/kg,并且两者对pH影响与离子干扰影响的响应均表现出相似的变化规律。灰漠土在西北干旱地区广泛存在,因此,可以完全替代炉渣作为人工湿地的除磷基质。     

熔分过程中铌、磷在渣铁两相间的分配比

以白云鄂博铌精矿经预还原后在电炉内熔分所形成的渣铁体系为研究对象,通过实验考察了熔分过程中铌、磷在渣铁两相间分配比的变化规律.结果表明,在本实验条件下,铌、磷的分配比随铁液中碳质量分数的增加而减小,当碳达到饱和时,铌氧化物会在渣铁界面处被还原为碳化铌,熔分终点w［C］应控制在342%以下;铌、磷的分配比随温度升高而减小,熔分温度可控制在1450℃左右;铌、磷的分配比随渣中FeO质量分数的增加而增大,熔分终点w(FeO)应控制在585%左右;铌、磷的分配比随熔渣光学碱度的升高而增大,添加MgO可明显降低磷的分配比.