在系统应力服从正态分布下k／n（G）结构系统可靠度估计

探讨ｋ／ｎ（Ｇ）结构系统可靠度的统计分析，推导了正态－极值Ⅰ型模式和正态－威布尔模式系统可靠度并给出ＭＶＵ估计。     

极值Ⅰ型分布下p=Pr(yn>n-1∑i=1aiyi)的估计

给出 y1,y2,...,yn相互独立服从极值Ⅰ型分布且某些分布参数未知时, 可靠度p=Pr(yn>n-1∑i=1aiyi)的最小方差无偏估计及置信下限.     

正态-极值Ⅰ型可靠度的Bayes方法

在强度一应力模型中,设强度服从正态分布.应力服从极值Ⅰ型分布,其中应力已知,强度未知。本文应用 Bayes 方法,就强度参数的无信息验前分布得到了结构可靠度 P,的置信下限和正态一正态模型可靠度的置信下限.最后给出了实例计算。     

极值Ⅰ型分布下p=P_r(y_n>sum from i=1 to n-1 (a_iy_i))的估计

给出 y1,y2 ,… ,yn 相互独立服从极值Ⅰ型分布且某些分布参数未知时 ,可靠度 p =Pr(yn >∑n-1i=1aiyi)的最小方差无偏估计及置信下限 .     

极值Ⅰ型-正态模式结构可靠性当量正态设计法

本文给出了与R.Rackwitz & B.Fiessler不同的当量正态变量的定义,利用当量正态方法,将极值Ⅰ型—正态模式转换成当量正态—正态模式,从而解决了结构可靠性设计问题,得到了极值Ⅰ型—正态模式结构可靠性当量正态设计法的可靠系数的表达式,并用两种模拟法对极值Ⅰ型—正态模式结构可靠度的理论值与设计值进行比较,得到了2070组不同参数的极值Ⅰ型—正态模式结构可靠度的理论值与设计值的相对误差,其最大误差不超过千分之九;最后,对R.Rackwitz & B.Fiessler和我们的两种不同的当量正态方法进行模拟比较。     

考虑SSI效应的输电塔-线耦合系统抗震可靠度分析

为研究输电塔在土结相互作用（Soil Structure Interactions， SSI）和塔-线耦合作用影响下的抗震可靠度，提出了考虑SSI效应的输电塔-线耦合系统抗震可靠度分析方法. 建立考虑SSI效应的输电塔-线耦合系统简化力学模型，推导其在随机地震作用下的运动方程. 基于随机函数-谱表示方法模拟随机地震动加速度时程，对耦合系统进行随机地震动力响应分析. 以基于GF-偏差点集的样本分数矩最大熵法估计随机地震响应极值分布，并求解耦合系统抗震可靠度. 选取工程中某特高压输电塔-线体系作为研究对象，对本文方法的有效性进行验证. 结果表明，当塔底地基土为软弱土时，考虑SSI效应后，塔顶位移响应极值增大约46.59%，加速度响应极值增大约17.43%，结构失效概率增加约70.32%. 考虑塔-线耦合作用后，塔顶位移响应极值减小约0.51%，加速度响应极值增大约1.74%，结构失效概率减小约15.71%. 对于考虑SSI效应的输电塔-线耦合系统，塔底地基土越软，塔顶位移与加速度响应极值越大. 与蒙特卡洛法相比，本文方法求解的结构失效概率最大误差仅为9.97%，具有较高的精度和计算效率.     

广西冬季极端最低气温的概率分布模型选择及其极值和重现期计算

为了解广西冬季极端最低气温概率分布类型和分析广西不同重现期的冬季极端最低气温值，根据广西88个气象站1951－2000年（1951年以后建站的站，取建站－2000年）冬季极端气温序列，分别用GumbelⅠ型极值分布，GumbelⅡ型极值分布，GumbelⅢ型极值分布，正态分布，双正态分布函数进行拟合，并按柯尔莫哥洛夫检验和ω^2检验方法进行拟合优良检验，结果表明，桂林等55个站遵从双正态分布，河池等29个站遵从正态分布，南宁等4个站遵从GumbelⅠ型极值分布，说明用双正态分布，正态分布和GumbelⅠ型极值分布函数作为广西冬委极端最低气温的分布函数效果较好，广西15年一遇的极端最低气温－2℃等值线与广西龙眼，荔枝的分布北界比较接近。     

天然叠层橡胶支座水平刚度的概率统计分析

以橡胶支座剪切模量作为水平刚度的变量参数,对同一厂家、同一直径天然叠层橡胶支座剪切模量的概率统计特性进行了研究。借助matlab软件,进行卡方以及KS假设检验,从而得出了其概率分布形式及相应参数。然后通过将各样本符合的分布分别转化成标准分布形式以增加样本数量来判断哪种拟合形式更优。结果表明,同一厂家、同一直径支座剪切模量更好地服从极值Ⅰ型(最小值型)分布。以上结论可为更准确地分析隔震结构的可靠度,明确其目标可靠度,完善基于概率理论的隔震结构设计方法提供依据。     

用于公路桥梁可靠性评估的车辆荷载多峰分布概率模型

通过对京沪高速公路车辆运行状况的实测和统计分析,发现由于汽车工业的发展以及超载现象的存在,实测的车辆荷载呈现出多峰分布的特性,难以用传统的单峰概率分布模型来描述.利用极值型Ⅰ分布函数和正态分布函数的加权和,拟合得到了由轻型车辆、普通车辆和重型(含超载)车辆所组成的多峰型车辆荷载的概率分布函数.通过滤过复合Possion过程和滤过复合Weibull过程分别对一般运行状态和密集运行状态下的车辆荷载过程进行了模拟.最终以后续服役期内轻型车辆、普通车辆和重型(含超载)车辆荷载最大值分布的0.95分位值作为桥梁在剩余可靠度研究的评估荷载.该多峰型车辆荷载模型更符合实际,提高了桥梁剩余可靠度评估的准确性和合理性.     

基于短期资料的重庆风速极值渐进分布分析

为克服统计样本容量（重庆地区1990—1999年间的风速资料）过少可能造成的统计误差,采用了月最大风速来拟合年最大风速的极值渐进分布,并通过3种极值分布函数（极值Ⅰ型Gumbel、极值Ⅱ型Freehet、极值Ⅲ型reverse Weibull分布）及广义Parato分布（GPD）拟合结果的对比分析,得到短期风速资料下重庆年最大风速的极值渐进分布用极值Ⅲ型（reverseWeibull）分布拟合较好,它给出了最佳的极值风速估计值．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with