NaCl对含FeSO4微乳液体系电导率和pH值的影响

通过向十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)/正丁醇/二甲苯/水溶液(FeSO4)组成的微乳体系中加入不同浓度NaCl溶液,测量体系在不同温度下的电导率和pH值,讨论了盐效应和温度对微乳体系的影响.结果表明:体系的电导率随着盐浓度增加和温度升高而变大,pH值随温度的升高而减小.向FeSO4微乳液体系加入NaCl溶液后发现:当温度低于20℃时,加入0.01 mol*L -1NaCl溶液,体系的电导率即高于原微乳液体系的电导率;当温度在20-35℃之间时,氯化钠浓度需达到0.06 mol*L -1,体系的电导率才高于原体系的电导率;温度高于35℃时,只有氯化钠浓度超过0.08 mol*L -1,体系的电导率才会高于原体系的电导率.     

双生表面活性剂/醇/烷/水微乳液体系的研究

研究了双生表面活性剂α-磺基硬脂酸聚乙二醇双酯钠盐/正丁醇/正辛烷/水微乳液体系的制备及稳定条件,绘制了其微乳液的拟三元相图,探讨了不同碳链长度的醇在不同温度下对微乳状液的形成和稳定性的影响,并讨论了0.1mol/LKCl、NaOH、HCl溶液对该微乳液体系性能的影响.结果表明:在一定温度范围内,温度的升高和醇碳链中碳原子数的增加均有利于W/O型微乳液的形成和稳定;电解质溶液一般使微乳区域缩小,且以电解质溶液为分散介质与以纯水为分散介质的微乳液的电导率基本上相同.     

双生表面活性剂膊/烷/水微乳液体系的研究

研究了双生表面活性剂a-磺基硬脂酸聚乙二醇双酯钠盐/正丁醇压辛烷冰微乳液体系的制备及稳定条件,绘制了其微乳液的拟三元相图,探讨了不同碳链长度的醇在不同温度下对微乳状液的形成和稳定性的影响,并讨论了0.1mol/LKCl、NaOH、HCl溶液对该微乳液体系性能的影响.结果表明:在一定温度范围内,温度的升高和醇碳链中碳原子数的增加均有利于W/O型微乳液的形成和稳定;电解质溶液一般使微乳区域缩小,且以电解质溶液为分散介质与以纯水为分散介质的微乳液的电导率基本上相同.     

制备纳米Fe2O3的微乳体系研究

通过测定不同油水比的电导率变化，研究了甲苯（MB）／十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）/正丁醇（1-B），三氯化铁溶液（FeCl3）微乳体系的形成及影响体系稳定性的因素。实验表明：当MB和H2O总质量一定．SDS质量不变，正丁醇／甲苯=0．3时，水油体积比（Vw/Vo）小于0．6形成油包水（W／O）型微乳液，当Vw/Vo在1．3附近形成水包油（O／W）型微乳液。表面活性剂的种类，pH值，盐值影响微乳体系的稳定性。     

CTAB/正丁醇/正庚烷/水微乳体系稳定性研究

制备了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)/正丁醇/正庚烷/水体系拟三元相图；通过电导法确定了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)/正丁醇/正庚烷/水微乳体系结构；研究了温度、酸度对微乳体系稳定性的影响。结果表明，在较大的表面活性助剂与表面活性剂的质量比值范围内（w(乳化剂)=m（C4H9OH）/m（CTAB）），体系能在较大的组成范围内形成微乳区,该微乳区对温度变化不敏感。随着体系水相酸度的增加，微乳体系的含水量呈不规则变化。     

微乳液法制备纳米氧化锌及微乳体系相行为研究

研究了表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)与助表面活性剂正丁醇微乳体系的相行为,考察了表面活性剂与助表面活性剂的质量比、油相种类、锌离子浓度对微乳液拟三元相区大小的影响,以确定适宜制备纳米氧化锌的微乳体系.研究表明,当m(CTAB)∶m(正丁醇)∶m(正辛烷)=1.2∶1∶4.4时,微乳体系具有较高的增溶水量.采用该配比,在微乳体系中制备出粒径小、尺寸分布窄的纳米氧化锌,并用扫描电镜(SEM)、粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-vis)等对纳米氧化锌的形态和晶体结构进行了表征.     

油包水微乳液体系的稳定性分析

将表面活性剂Tween80和Span80复配,以环己烷为油相制备高度分散、液滴均匀的油包水(W/O)型微乳液.以最大增溶水量为指标,通过目测及测定体系电导率,研究了表面活性剂复配、四种醇类助表面活性剂、温度和盐度等因素对微乳液体系稳定性的影响,探索该微乳液形成的适宜条件.实验结果表明:当复配表面活性剂中Tween80的含量为60%、乙醇作助表面活性剂、助表面活性剂与复配表面活性剂质量比Km=1.0时,可得到作为微反应器的理想微乳液体系;随温度升高,W/O微乳液体系相图的稳定区域减小,盐度对微乳液稳定性的影响减小.     

以非电解质溶液为水相的微乳液研究

在CTAB/正丁醇/苯的质量比为1:1:2,温度30℃时,分别以水和不同浓度的蔗糖溶液作为水相配制微乳液并测定电导率.以0-0.15mol·dm-3蔗糖溶液为水相的微乳液的微乳区和电导率与纯水微乳液基本相同;以0.15-0.85mol·dm-3蔗糖溶液为水相的微乳液的微乳区与纯水微乳液基本相同,而电导率则较大幅度地降低;以0.85-2 mol·dm-3蔗糖溶液为水相的微乳液的微乳区较大幅度地减小,电导率也较大地降低.     

羟丙基壳聚糖对表面活性剂微孔液相图的影响

在25℃条件下，测定了不同浓度的羟丙基壳聚糖（HPCHS）溶液／表面活性剂（聚氧乙烯（23）醚月桂醇（BRIJ35）、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、二甲基十二烷基甜菜碱（C12BE）／正丁醇（n-C4H9OH)／正辛烷（n-C8H18)体系微乳液拟三元相图。结果表明，在所研究的浓度范围内，羟丙基壳聚糖对不同类型表面活性剂体系微乳液的形成有不同的影响：（1）除B12BE体系外羟丙基壳聚糖的加入均在一定程度上改善了原有体系微乳区的形成和稳定；（2）羟丙基壳聚糖溶液在10，10和5g/L浓度时分别使BRIJ35，CTAB和SDS体系微乳区面积达到最大；（3）羟丙基壳聚糖的加入没有明显改变C12BE体系的微乳区面积。     

以非电解质溶液为水相的微乳液研究

在CTAB/正丁醇/苯的质量比为1∶1∶2,温度30℃时,分别以水和不同浓度的蔗糖溶液作为水相配制微乳液并测定电导率。以0-0.15 mol.dm-3蔗糖溶液为水相的微乳液的微乳区和电导率与纯水微乳液基本相同;以0.15-0.85 mol.dm-3蔗糖溶液为水相的微乳液的微乳区与纯水微乳液基本相同,而电导率则较大幅度地降低;以0.85-2 mol.dm-3蔗糖溶液为水相的微乳液的微乳区较大幅度地减小,电导率也较大地降低。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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