拟南芥中一个参与盐胁迫应答基因的T-DNA插入纯合突变体的鉴定及表型分析

本研究以拟南芥为试验材料,探索基因at5g66070在受到非生物胁迫的表达情况,并研究其抗逆特性.结果表明,在NaCl处理下,该基因的表达量明显升高,表明该基因受到盐的诱导.通过PCR和RT-PCR在DNA和RNA水平上筛选鉴定at5g66070基因T-DNA插入纯合突变体.分析了野生型拟南芥与突变体在不同浓度NaCl处理下,其萌发率,根长以及苗期的生长差异.结果发现,相对于野生型来说,突变体对盐更敏感.具体来说,在含有150mMNaCl的MS培养基中,突变体的萌发率比野生型要低,根长比野生型要短,同时突变体幼苗更容易出现枯萎,萎黄症状.     

拟南芥锌指结构域ABRv1基因的功能研究

为了分析拟南芥脱落酸响应蛋白RING-V1基因(ABRv1)的功能,构建了高表达载体pBI121-ABRv1,经农杆菌转化,花序浸染后得到T0代转基因种子,并经卡那霉素板筛选得到转基因苗,再经过两代的筛选获取了纯合的高表达株系ABRv1.通过DNA及RNA水平鉴定了ABRv1基因的T-DNA插入突变体abrv1.对突变体、高表达转基因株系及野生型进行ABA诱导处理,突变体的萌发率不足10%,野生型萌发率为40%,而过表达株系萌发率为67%;突变体株系气孔几乎全部关闭,过表达株系气孔关闭不明显,大小是突变体株系的2~3倍.结果表明ABRv1基因在拟南芥的ABA信号应答响应中可能起负调控作用.     

拟南芥RING finger结构域ABRv1基因的功能初步研究

拟南芥ABscisic acid responsive RING-v protein 1基因（ABRv1）编码一个含有RING finger结构域的E3连接酶。为了分析ABRv1的基因功能,我们首先构建了高表达载体pBI121- ABRv1,经农杆菌转化,花序浸染后得到T0代转基因种子,并经卡那霉素板筛选得到转基因苗,再经过两代的筛选获取了纯合的高表达株系ABRv1。通过DNA及RNA水平鉴定了该基因的T –DNA插入突变体abrv1。对突变体、高表达转基因株系及野生型进行ABA诱导处理,检测其萌发率、气孔关闭情况进行,发现ABA处理后突变体的萌发率降低,过表达株系萌发率升高;突变体株系气孔几乎未关闭,过表达株系气孔关闭非常明显。以上结果表明ABRv1基因在拟南芥的ABA信号应答响应中可能起负调控作用,为深入分析该基因的功能打下基础。     

拟南芥中一个参与热胁迫应答基因功能的初步研究

在拟南芥中发现了一个受热诱导的基因At4g19430,经Real time PCR分析表明该基因受热诱导后表达量显著升高.组织特性的分析发现其在拟南芥不同组织中均有表达,但在叶中表达量最高.亚细胞定位结果表明At4g19430蛋白定位在细胞质中.筛选并鉴定了该基因的突变体,并分析了其在热胁迫时的表型,结果表明该基因的突变体对热胁迫非常敏感,在热胁迫的条件下突变体存活率明显下降.     

硫化氢参与镉诱导拟南芥气孔的关闭

以拟南芥为实验材料,利用分光光度法、显微观测法及药理学实验,研究了镉(Cd~(2+))、硫化氢(H2S)和脱落酸(ABA)处理对拟南芥野生型(wild type,WT)、abi5和lcd气孔运动的影响,以及H_2S合成酶L-半胱氨酸脱巯基酶(LCD)的活性和体内H2S含量的变化。结果表明:光照条件下,随着Cd~(2+)浓度的增加,野生型拟南芥气孔孔径逐渐减小,LCD的活性及内源H_2S含量依次升高。200μmol/L的CdCl_2可以减小abi5的气孔开度,且50μmol/L的H_2S也可以减小abi5和WT的气孔开度,而ABA并不能减小abi5的气孔开度,说明Cd~(2+)诱导的气孔关闭主要依赖H2S信号。实验进一步验证了这种现象:与WT相比,200μmol/L的CdCl_2对LCD缺失突变体(lcd)气孔开度的影响不大,加入H2S的供体NaHS后,lcd气孔关闭。研究发现,Cd~(2+)可通过增强LCD的活性,促进L-半胱氨酸分解生成H_2S,进而诱导拟南芥气孔关闭     

拟南芥中参与盐胁迫应答的基因 At1g14260的功能初探

拟南芥中未知基因At1g14260的表达受到多种非生物胁迫的诱导, 特别是在NaCl的诱导下, At1g14260的表达量明显增加. 对T DNA插入突变体at1g14260(salk 118406)的分析表明, 敲除了基因At1g14260的拟南芥相比野生型对盐胁迫更加敏感. 此外, 构建了融合表达载体PBi221 At1g14260 GFP并且成功转入拟南芥原生质体中, 在荧光显微镜下观察到融合蛋白定位于原生质体细胞核中. 因此, At1g14260可能参与了拟南芥中盐胁迫的过程.     

ABA和H2 O2在NaCl诱导的气孔关闭中的作用

以拟南芥野生型（wt）和ABA合成缺失突变体（aba3）为材料，采用表皮生物分析法研究了NaCl胁迫条件下，ABA和H2O2在气孔关闭中的作用。结果表明：100mmol/L的NaCl可有效诱导wt气孔关闭，而对aba3的气孔运动无明显影响；10^-2mmol/L的H2O2处理或100mmol/L的NaCl与10^-2mmol/L ABA共处理可有效诱导wt与aba3的气孔关闭，且幅度类似；H2O2的性清除剂CAT可部分逆转NaCl处理及NaCl与ABA共处理引起的气孔关闭，因此推测，NaCl胁迫条件下，植物保卫细胞内ABA浓度升高，诱导H2O2的产生，进而诱导了气孔关闭。     

一株晚花和镉敏感拟南芥突变体的分离与鉴定

为了进一步挖掘拟南芥响应Cd胁迫的分子机制,从化学诱导型拟南芥突变体库(约6 000株系)中筛选获得Cd敏感突变体,通过测量经Cd处理后拟南芥植株的根长变化获得Cd响应突株系,然后单株收种并鉴定,最终获得一株对Cd胁迫敏感的突变体。Thermal asymmetric interlaced-PCR(TAIL-PCR)发现这株突变体T-DNA的插入定位于基因At1g35820和At1g35830之间。进一步分析表明这个突变体也是FLC(Flowering locus C)依赖的晚花突变体,将这株突变体命名为fcr(flowering and cadmium related gene)。FLC在拟南芥开花调控网络中起枢纽作用,并且是开花正调控基因Suppressor of overexpression of co 1 (SOCI)的抑制因子。在该突变体中FLC的表达明显高于野生型植株,而FLC下游基因SOCI的表达明显低于野生型植株,但FLC上游基因的表达变化不明显。进一步实验发现,突变体fcr中调节环境因素和春化作用的基因High expression of osmotically responsive gene 1(HOS1)表达量显著增加。通过以上结果我们推测,突变体fcr中的晚开花和Cd敏感表型可能是HOS1基因过量表达所致。     

AhHDA1异源表达影响拟南芥植株干旱性

将花生组蛋白去乙酰化酶1基因(Arachis hygogaea histone deacetylase 1,AhHDA1)转化拟南芥野生型Col-0和突变体had6,对获得的纯合转基因植株进行抗旱性分析,并对ABA合成及相关响应基因表达进行检测.结果表明:AhHDA1蛋白定位于细胞核,在干旱条件下,与hda6突变体比较,p35S%HDA1/hda6拟南芥植株的叶片相对含水量降低,气孔开度增大,干旱存活率降低,基本回复了Col的表型;体内ABA合成关键酶基因At NCED3和ABA信号途径重要转录因子At ABF3基因的表达降低,但RD29A基因表达提高.而p35S%HDA1/Col较p35S%HDA1/hda6和Col的抗旱性关键生理指标降低更加显著.说明hda6突变体表型回复确实由于外源AhHDA1的表达引起的,推测AhHDA1影响植物抗旱性与ABA的合成与信号通路相关.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.