SAM和决策树结合的Hyperion数据分类方法

在地面实测波谱分析的基础上，采用决策树对波谱角（SAM）分类方法进行改进，自动地进行波谱角阂值选择，提出一种新的基于SAM和决策树相结合的综合分类模型。该模型用于云南鹤庆地区土地覆被信息提取，并与最大似然分类法（MIC）的分类结果进行比较。结果表明，就每一类型而言，SAM结合决策树分类的分类精度较高；最大似然法监督分类总体精度为79．4％，SAM结合决策树分类的综合分类模型总体精度为88．5％，比监督分类精度高9．9％。     

特征加权融合的朴素贝叶斯情感分类算法

为解决文本情感分类准确率不高的问题,提出了一种特征加权融合的朴素贝叶斯情感分类算法.通过分析单个情感词对文本情感分类的贡献度特征,根据情感词对文本情感贡献度的权值调整贝叶斯模型的后验概率;将文本中所有相同极性的情感词作为一个特征整体,根据特征整体对文本情感贡献度的权值调整贝叶斯模型的整体概率.为了进一步提高分类的准确率以及提升分类模型的综合性能,将两种加权方式同时与朴素贝叶斯模型结合.结果表明,融合后的方法在数据集上的整体平均查准率、查全率分别提高1.83%和3.42%,平均F1值提高了2.76%.     

基于贝叶斯推理的水环境系统参数识别

为了克服监测数据有限而且存在误差给水环境系统参数识别带来的困难，以一维河流水质模型方程为例，构建了水环境系统参数识别的贝叶斯算法．结合模型参数的先验分布和水质监测数据，通过贝叶斯定理计算获得了表征参数分布规律的联合后验概率密度函数．通过马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗模拟对后验分布进行了采样，获得了参数的后验边缘概率密度，并在此基础上获得了参数的数学期望等统计量．计算结果表明采用贝叶斯推理获得的模型参数估计具有很高的精度．此算法构造直观、简单，成功解决了水环境系统参数的可识别性问题．     

大数据环境下的不确定数据流在线分类算法

在大数据环境下,由于隐私保护、数据丢失等原因,数据普遍存在不确定性;数据流系统中数据不断地到达系统,只扫描一遍且不能一次性全部获得;所以要构建一个增量分类模型来处理不确定数据流分类.本文基于VFDT算法提出了WBVFDTu算法,该算法在学习和分类阶段都可快速而有效地分析不确定信息.在学习期间,采用Hoeffding分解定理构造决策树模型;在分类期间,在决策树的叶子节点利用加权贝叶斯分类算法提高模型的分类准确率和算法的执行效率.最终证明该算法能够非常快速地学习不确定数据流,提高分类的准确率.     

基于Bayesian-MCMC方法的水体污染识别反问题

针对具有不适定性的环境水力学反问题,基于贝叶斯推理和二维水质模型建立水体污染识别反演模型,运用马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗法抽样获得污染源源强、污染源位置和污染泄漏时间等模型参数的后验概率分布和统计结果.实例研究结果表明,基于马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗抽样算法的贝叶斯推理可以较好地用来实现水体污染识别,具有识别精度高,误差小的特点,其可靠性和稳定性高于混合遗传模式搜索优化算法.     

决策树算法的研究与改进

决策树是数据挖掘中重要的分类方法，本文在研究和比较几种经典的决策树算法基础上，提出了一种改进的决策树算法：基于度量的决策树（MBDT）．这种决策树实际上是把线性分类器和决策树结合在一起．实验证明，用该方法构造的决策树能有效地减少决策树的层数，从而提高决策树的分类效率．通过MBDT分类实验，验证了上面结论的正确性和有效性．     

数据挖掘预测模型在脑伤患者认知功能康复中的应用与研究

为了更好地预测后天性脑损伤（ ABI）患者认知功能康复的影响因素，借助于10折交叉验证测试算法，通过专一性、灵敏度和精度分析以及混淆矩阵分析对模型的性能进行测试，从而获得新的知识以评估和改善认知功能康复过程中的有效性。实验利用决策树（ DT）、多层感知器（ MLP）和广义回归神经网络（ GRNN）三种预测模型对250例ABI案例进行了测试，结果表明，基于DT的模型的模拟结果明显比其他模型更为优越，预测平均精度可高达90．38％。     

老年公寓建筑数字孪生模型联合仿真疏散模拟方法

建筑数字孪生模型（BDT）是数字孪生（DT）应用到建筑业中与BIM结合的集成模型，能反映现实建筑运营情况.在数字孪生驱动下老年公寓消防安全和居住质量能得到进一步提升，因此提出一种老年公寓数字孪生模型联合仿真疏散模拟方法，用于老年公寓消防安全评估和设计优化.为验证方法可实施性，以大庆市某老年公寓为例，利用BDT模型和BIM分别进行仿真模拟，结果显示两者疏散时间相差较大，影响到其消防安全性判断，老年公寓BDT模型联合仿真模拟相比于其BIM模型单一空间仿真模拟，更能真实反映老年人群在火灾场景下疏散情况，根据方法框架得出算例老年公寓存在消防安全问题，提出消防改造和疏散优化策略并验证.     

基于Gibbs抽样门限自回归模型的参数估计

基于贝叶斯统计推断以及模型随机项的基本假设,通过门限自回归(TAR)模型各参数与总体的共轭先验分布,利用蒙特卡洛模拟(MCMC)算法和Gibbs抽样从各参数的后验分布抽样,用后验均值来估计TAR模型的待估参数.通过模拟实验进一步验证基于贝叶斯统计推断在TAR模型参数估计中的有效性.     

动态贝叶斯网络在战争身份识别中的应用

在战争身份识别中运用贝叶斯网络时,系统参数不能做到及时调整,动态贝叶斯网络可以解决这一问题,通过建立网络模型,引入时间因素,对系统参数进行分析与后验概率推理,利用隐马尔科夫模型对推理进行仿真实验.通过动态贝叶斯网络在战争身份识别中的使用为指挥员在有限的时间内作出有效的评估识别提供了依据,具有重要的实战意义.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to