转基因蔬菜口服疫苗研究进展

本文介绍了转基因蔬菜口服疫苗的优点，转基因植物口服疫苗在动物和人体中的应用和存在的问题。     

转乙肝表面抗原基因植物疫苗研究的进展

介绍了转基因疫苗生产的原理及方法，综述了转乙肝表面抗原基因植物疫苗的研究进展，探讨了转基因植物研究中所存在的问题及其转基因植物疫苗的优点及前景。     

利用转基因植物生产基因工程疫苗

综述了10年来转基因植物疫苗的研究进展,分析了其中存在的问题,并提出了-些提高植物疫苗表达量的策略.     

肠毒素大肠杆菌LT-B基因转基因

目的 探讨马铃薯表达的产肠毒素大肠杆菌热敏肠毒素B亚基口服免疫原性。方法 选择4周龄的昆明白小鼠,转基因马铃薯块茎经冷冻干燥后,研磨成粉状,以灌胃给药的方式对小鼠进行免疫,分0.2g、0.4g和0.6g三个剂量组,免疫三次,每周一次,对照组用5μg细菌中表达的抗原蛋白腹腔注射免疫小鼠,空白组小鼠饲喂普通鼠粮,利用ELISA方法对小鼠血清、粪便特异性抗体表达进行分析。结果 有45%小鼠经转基因马铃薯口服免疫后可诱导特异性的免疫应答,与细菌表达的抗原免疫反应相比,血清IgG反应和黏膜sIgA反应略强或相当。结论 产肠毒素大肠杆菌转基因植物疫苗免疫动物可诱导特异的系统免疫应答和黏膜免疫应答,这一研究结果为利用植物生产预防大肠杆菌性腹泻可食用的口服疫苗,保护儿童免受细菌性腹泻的侵染奠定了基础。     

肠毒素大肠杆菌LT—B基因转基因马铃薯口服免疫原性研究

探讨马铃薯表达的产肠毒素大肠杆菌热敏肠毒素B亚基口服免疫原性,选择4周龄的昆明白小鼠。转基因马铃薯块茎经冷冻干燥后,研磨成粉状,以灌胃给药的方式对小鼠进行免疫。分0.2 g、0.4 g和0.6 g三个剂量组,免疫三次,每周一次。对照组用5μg细菌中表达的抗原蛋白腹腔注射免疫小鼠,空白组小鼠饲喂普通鼠粮。利用ELISA方法对小鼠血清、粪便特异性抗体表达进行分析。结果有45%小鼠经转基因马铃薯口服免疫后可诱导特异性的免疫应答。与细菌表达的抗原免疫反应相比,血清IgG反应和黏膜sIgA反应略强或相当。说明产肠毒素大肠杆菌转基因植物疫苗免疫动物可诱导特异的系统免疫应答和黏膜免疫应答。为利用植物生产预防大肠杆菌性腹泻可食用的口服疫苗,保护儿童免受细菌性腹泻的侵染奠定了基础。     

H5N1型禽流感病毒HA基因在烟草中的表达

禽流感病毒H5N1是可以直接感染人类的甲型流感病毒，发展植物源口服疫苗是疫苗研究的方向之一．本研究通过农杆菌介导的方法将禽流感病毒H5N1的HA基因转化烟草．共获得38株潮霉素抗性植株，经PCR和Southern-blotting检测，目的基因已整合到转基因植株的基因组中．Western-dotting检测结果表明，目的基因在转基因烟草中得到表达，具有免疫原性，获得了能够表达HA基因的植物口服疫苗候选植株．     

H5N1型禽流感病毒HA基因在烟草中的表达

禽流感病毒H5N1是可以直接感染人类的甲型流感病毒,发展植物源口服疫苗是疫苗研究的方向之一.本研究通过农杆菌介导的方法将禽流感病毒H5N1的HA基因转化烟草.共获得38株潮霉素抗性植株,经PCR和Southern-blotting检测,目的基因已整合到转基因植株的基因组中.Western-dotting检测结果表明,目的基因在转基因烟草中得到表达,具有免疫原性,获得了能够表达HA基因的植物口服疫苗候选植株.     

植物基因工程疫苗研究进展

可口服免疫(oral immunization)绿色疫苗(green vaccine)研究是植物基因工程与分子医学相结合而发展起来的新的研究方向．对当前植物基因工程疫苗的研究方法、疫苗的作用机理进行介绍,总结近10年来国内外植物基因工程疫苗研究进展,并对未来发展方向作出展望．     

结核疫苗研究进展

目的:回顾卡介苗(BCG)的应用情况,介绍关于结核疫苗研究进展的最新信息。方法:查阅大量关于结核疫苗研究的最近几年的文献。结果:有多种抗结核疫苗正在研究中,例如卡介苗、结核活疫苗、亚单位疫苗、DNA疫苗以及转基因植物疫苗等。结论:BCG仍是目前唯一可应用的抗结核疫苗,但是许多新疫苗己在动物模型中显示出潜力并开始进入临床试验。     

转基因植物药物的开发研究评述

基因工程的完善与发展为利用转基因植物作为生物反应器来开发与生物转基因植物药物提供了可靠的技术基础，目前已利用转基因植物作为反应器生产出了多种转基因植物药物，其中包括多种药品和疫苗，已有的转基因植物药物的临床实验及国内外的应用表明转基因植物药物安全是可靠的，随着表达效率和遗传稳定性的不断提高，转基因植物药物的开发研究将会在21世纪得到更大的发展。     

豚鼠气单胞菌灭活疫苗的安全性和免疫防治

对鲤鱼竖鳞病疫苗的安全性、免疫保护力和免疫效价进行了系统性的研究,并进行了口服免疫养殖应用实验。结果表明,该疫苗口服无毒性,注射途径的免疫保护率为８８．９％,免疫效价为２５００;口服途径的免疫保护率为８０％,免疫效价为２０００;而对照组的免疫效价为１５。养殖应用实验证明,口服疫苗可使鲤鱼竖鳞病的自然发病率降低５０％。     

Specific anti-tumor effect induced by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vaccine expressing extracellular region of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2

The purposes of this research were to study the stable expression of exogenous gene encoding therapeutic protein in attenuated Salmonella typhimurium, observe the metabolism of oral gene vaccine carried by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium in BALB/c mouse, and investigate the feasibility of prevention and treatment of tumors by the recombinant bacteria. Recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1 VEGFR2(n1-7) was transformed into competent attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL3261 to develop oral DNA vaccine SL3261-pcDNA3.1 VEGFR2(n1-7). To observe whether the exogenous gene can be expressed in the recombinant bacteria, PCR was performed to amplify the CMV promoter of the eukaryotic expression vector as the proof of stable expression of exogenous protein; transmission elec- tron microscopy (TEM) was applied to observe the morphology of the recombinant bacteria to confirm that the exogenous gene has no impact on the growth of the bacteria, and then BALB/c mice were immunized with the gene vaccine. After inoculation of the gene vaccine, the recombinant bacteria SL3261 could be detected in the tissues such as small intestine, colon, liver and spleen. And then, mice in each group were challenged with tumor cells. The results of animal experiment showed that tumor growth of the mice in experimental group was inhibited and survival time of immunized mice was prolonged compared with control groups. A higher lymphocyte infiltration in tumors from animals treated with DNA vaccine was observed. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor samples revealed an en- hanced accumulation of CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes, as well as an increase in CD4 cells in the tumors of animals treated with the oral gene vaccine compared to tumors from control group mice. Ultrastructure of the tumor tissue showed that tumor cells in the samples of the immunized mice were well-differentiated. Our research confirmed that the exogenous gene can be stably expressed in the attenuated Salmonella typhimurium and has no impact on the growth of the recombinant bacteria; the exogenous gene can de delivered to the host by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium to produce anti-tumor effect with no obvious cytotoxity to the host. In this study, it is established that attenuated Salmonella typhimurium could be used as a vector for oral gene vaccine, and our study provided a theoretical basis for the body distribution and the metabolism of the recombinant bacteria. This strategy may provide a simple, safe and effective way for the prevention and treatment of tumors.     

应用梭状芽孢杆菌口服疫苗载体表达HIV p24蛋白的研究

应用一种不产毒的梭状芽孢杆菌（Clostridium perfringens,C.P.）作为口服疫苗载体表达HIVp24蛋白。用PCR扩增HIVp24基因,酶切后插入到含有C.P.序列的pJRC200质粒的CPEORF中,将重组的cp24质粒转化无致病作用的ATCC3624菌株。使HIVp24基因在C.P.形成芽孢时大量表达。结果应用SDS_PAGE和West Blot分析HIVp24在重组C.P.繁殖体和芽孢中的表达情况,发现HIVp24蛋白在C.P.芽孢体中大量表达,而在C.P.繁殖体中却没有表达。证明在体外构建了含有HIVp24基因的重组pJRC200质粒,成功地表达了HIVp24蛋白并得到了HIVp24的高表达ATCC3624菌株。为成功研究C.P.作为一种口服HIV疫苗载体奠定了基础。     

Specific anti-tumor effect induced by attenuated <Emphasis Type="Italic">Salmonella typhimurium</Emphasis> vaccine expressing extracellular region of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2

The purposes of this research were to study the stable expression of exogenous gene encoding therapeutic protein in attenuated Salmonella typhimurium, observe the metabolism of oral gene vaccine carried by attenuated Salmonella typhimurium in BALB/c mouse, and investigate the feasibility of prevention and treatment of tumors by the recombinant bacteria. Recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1＋ VEGFR2（n1-7） was transformed into competent attenuated Salmonella typhimuriurn SL3261 to develop oral DNA vaccine SL3261-pcDNA3.1＋VEGFR2（n1-7）. To observe whether the exogenous gene can be expressed in the recombinant bacteria, PCR was performed to amplify the CMV promoter of the eukaryotic expression vector as the proof of stable expression of exogenous protein; transmission elec- tron microscopy （TEM） was applied to observe the morphology of the recombinant bacteria to confirm that the exogenous gene has no impact on the growth of the bacteria, and then BALB/c mice were immunized with the gene vaccine. After inoculation of the gene vaccine, the recombinant bacteria SL3261 could be detected in the tissues such as small intestine, colon, liver and spleen. And then, mice in each group were challenged with tumor cells. The results of animal experiment showed that tumor growth of the mice in experimental group was inhibited and survival time of immunized mice was prolonged compared with control groups. A higher lymphocyte infiltration in tumors from animals treated with DNA vaccine was observed. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor samples revealed an enhanced accumulation of CD8^＋ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, as well as an increase in CD4^＋ cells in the tumore of animals treated with the oral gene vaccine compared to tumors from control group mice. UI- trestructure of the tumor tissue showed that tumor cells in the samples of the immunized mice were well-differentiated. Our research confirmed that the exogenous gene can be stably expressed in the attenuated Salmonella typhimurium and has no impact on the growth of the r     

携带大肠杆菌融合基因K88ac-STII的减毒鼠伤寒沙门疫苗菌的构建与鉴定

为构建表达大肠杆菌菌毛蛋白K88ac和热稳定肠毒素STII的无抗性减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌疫苗株,采用缺失腺苷酸环化酶基因(Δcya)、环腺苷酸受体蛋白基因(Δcrp)以及天冬氨酸β-半醛脱氢酶基因(Δasd)的鼠伤寒沙门菌(X4550)作为宿主,将编码K88ac-STII的融合基因插入Asd 组成型表达载体pYA3334中,通过2次转化引入宿主菌,成功构建了表达K88ac-STII融合基因平衡致死的减毒鼠伤寒沙门重组菌株S.typhimuriumX4550(pYA3334K88ac-STII),为防治仔猪腹泻提供了口服活菌疫苗候选株。     

半胱胺对鸡十二指肠中肥大细胞数量的影响

84只1日龄小公鸡,分为四组,分别为对照组、新城疫弱毒疫苗免疫组(ND组)、饲喂半胱胺的试验组(CS组)以及饲喂半胱胺后,再用新城疫弱毒疫苗进行消化道粘膜的试验组(CN组).应用甲苯胺蓝染色技术研究了十二指肠中肥大细胞数量的变化.结果显示:新城疫疫苗首免后第三周,CN组十二指肠中肥大细胞数量比ND组明显增加(P0.01);首免后第五周,各试验组十二指肠中肥大细胞的数量均比对照组多,尤其是CN组,可能因为个体差异较大,各组间并无显著差异.本试验的结果提示,肥大细胞的数量可能反映了消化道粘膜的免疫水平.     

不同培养基对肠毒素大肠杆菌载体疫苗株免疫原性的影响

分别采用固体CFA培养基和液体LB培养基培养,全菌ELISA,口服免疫Balb/c抗体测定,评价肠毒素大肠杆菌抗原CFA/I,CS6和载体志贺氏痢疾杆菌LPS的免疫原性.结果表明:LB培养基培养不影响疫苗株抗原免疫原性.由此提示,LB培养基对肠毒素大肠杆菌载体疫苗生产是行之有效的.     

OPV疫苗液体剂型稳定性影响因素分析

 分析了温度、反复冻融、冷链运输过程对口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(OPV)滴度的影响,检测结果显示OPV分别在37℃条件下放置3d,25℃放置14d,-20℃放置36个月、反复冻化35次,感染性滴度均无明显变化.在冷链条件下运输,其感染性滴度无明显变化.液体剂型的稳定性优于糖丸剂型(t=3.2043,P<0.01).     

胞壁形式表达融合蛋白Der p2-PEB1重组BCG的构建和鉴定

利用重组BCG技术,构建能以胞壁形式表达屋尘螨Der p2和PEB1抗原的重组BCG口服哮喘疫苗pCW-Der p2-PEB1-rBCG,以pCW-Der p2质粒和pUC-PEB1质粒DNA为模板扩增基因,构建出重组质粒pCW-Der p2-PEB1.将重组质粒电穿导入BCG感受态细胞,潮霉素抗性筛选rBCG阳性克隆.阳性rBCG经PCR特异性扩增目的基因片段Der p2及PEB1,证实其中含有目的基因.用抗Der p2单克隆抗体和制备的小鼠PEB1抗血清对rBCG进行间接免疫荧光鉴定.结果成功扩增了Der p2及PEB1基因,构建出重组质粒pCW-Der p2-PEB1,并将质粒电穿入BCG中,免疫荧光法鉴定其成功.说明成功地构建了胞壁表达Der p2-PEB1融合蛋白重组BCG pCW-Der p2-PEB1-rBCG.为基因工程疫苗的研制奠定了基础.