基于线性耦合振荡器模型的仿人机器人步态规划算法

在采用线性耦合振荡器模型的仿人机器人步态规划中,振荡器部分参数依靠手动调整难以获得能稳定行走的值,故提出了一种优化振荡器参数的算法以改善整个步态规划方法.将机器人的步行速度、行走过程中的质心振动幅度和ZMP(zero moment point)曲线的回绕率组合起来作为优化目标,定义并选定ZMP稳定裕度为约束条件,采用带约束的非线性优化方法作为求解工具,在部分参数固定的情况下,计算得到线性耦合振荡器部分参数的最优值.仿真结果表明,优化方法选择的参数能在保证较大ZMP稳定裕度的情况下实现机器人的快速步行.在DARwIn-OP仿人机器人开放平台上进行的步态规划实验结果表明,优化得到的线性耦合振荡器参数能保证仿人机器人以较大速度稳定行走.     

双足机器人稳定行走步行模式的研究

研究了一种基于零力矩点(ZMP)预观控制系统的双足机器人稳定行走步行模式生成方法.通过对双足机器人行走过程中行走参数及ZMP轨迹进行规划,计算出机器人行走过程中的质心轨迹.由运动学模型求解出其行走过程中步行姿态,预观控制器利用未来目标ZMP参考值和双足机器人状态计算控制输入,对机器人进行稳定行走控制.最后采用ADAMS和Matlab/Simulink联合仿真技术对离线步行模式进行仿真验证,仿真结果表明双足机器人虚拟样机可实现稳定行走效果.     

仿人服务机器人的平衡控制

仿人机器人具有复杂的耦合非线性特性,因此仿人机器人的平衡控制具有重要的研究意义。针对仿人服务机器人系统,研究智能仿人服务机器人的平衡控制。首先,研究智能双足仿人机器人HUBO的行走与站立时平衡模式,分析HUBO基于ZMP的步态规划方法,并分析HUBO内部各个关键控制器的控制方式,以保证机器人行走时的平衡。然后,通过这些信息,使用Simulink对各控制器进行仿真,验证控制效果。最后,通过仿真分析、改进各项控制参数,进一步改善了仿人机器人步态平衡控制,达到较好的步态平衡控制效果。     

仿人机器人未知地面行走控制方法研究

介绍了一种仿人机器人未知地面行走的控制算法 .该算法通过踝关节六维力 \力矩传感器信息感知地面环境 ,确定步态参数 ,利用基于ZMP稳定判据的规划方法进行实时运动规划 ,实现机器人稳定行走 .     

基于帧描述及ZMP的双足机器人步态发生器

为了提高仿人双足机器人行走的稳定性及自主性,提出一种基于帧描述及位姿变换的双足步行机器人新型步态生成方法,该方法将一个行走周期细分为14帧,根据机器人的实际结构尺寸并利用几何约束进行步态规划及规划合成。然后根据ZMP(zero moment point)理论及位姿矩阵算法,对所得到的数学模型以及行走过程中的稳定性、智能性等进行了仿真研究。在此基础上完成了基于嵌入式系统的双足机器人系统平台,最后在平台上的实验及仿真结果验证了所提出规划方法的有效性。     

基于运动相似性的仿人机器人上阶梯行走研究

提出了一种基于运动相似性的仿人机器人上阶梯行走设计方法.定义了人体与仿人机器人运动相似度,分析了时空协调特点及控制方法,从人体运动图像捕获与处理、相似性运动控制和约束与优化控制等方面提出了仿人机器人相似性动作规划系统;以仿人机器人相似性上阶梯行走为例,通过双腿支撑相与单腿支撑相划分了关键姿势与基本子相;同时,为解决固定的相似性运动轨迹难以满足可变环境的问题,根据实际阶梯参数设置了仿人机器人运动学约束、关节运动角度幅度约束以及零力矩点约束.实验结果表明该方法可以有效地实现仿人机器人相似性上阶梯行走.     

基于ZMP双足机器人稳定性控制策略与算法的研究

基于ZMP控制理论及其数学模型,通过预先给定双足机器人步态的运动轨迹,计算确定各关节的旋转角度并选定控制系统的控制算法.对遗传算法在双足机器人步行稳定性控制策略做了分析,主要解决如何产生稳定控制机器人步态的数据,在步态运行过程中保证双足机器人从一个稳定态到下一个状态时,同样也是稳定的,以实现机器人在实际行走过程中达到较好的稳定效果.ZMP     

基于帧描述及ZMP的双足机器人步态发生器

为了提高仿人双足机器人行走的稳定性及自主性,提出一种基于帧描述及位姿变换的双足步行机器人新型步态生成方法,该方法将一个行走周期细分为14帧,根据机器人的实际结构尺寸并利用几何约束进行步态规划及规划合成。然后根据ZMP(zero moment point)理论及位姿矩阵算法,对所得到的数学建模以及行走过程中的稳定性、智能性等进行了仿真研究。在此基础上完成了基于嵌入式系统的双足机器人系统平台,最后在平台上的实验及仿真结果验证了所提出规划方法的有效性。     

基于压应力中心的仿人机器人离散轨迹运动控制

针对仿人机器人运动姿态和行为的离散轨迹规划中所存在的机器人稳定性问题,提出了基于压应力中心反馈的控制方法.该方法以17自由度的仿人机器人MechG作为样机,根据动态平衡状态下机器人的压应力中心(Center of Pressure,COP)和零力矩点(Zero Moment Point,ZMP)重合的特性,通过检测COP反馈信息实时调整仿人机器人的各关节运动速度,以此规避机器人的不稳定轨迹点.通过机器人MechG的实验,验证了所提出的控制方法是可行的.     

基于二阶锥方法的仿人机器人稳定性控制

步行环境复杂,外力干扰等因素都会影响仿人机器人的步行稳定性.为了提高仿人机器人的稳定性,在7连杆仿人机器人模型的基础上,提出了用二阶锥方法控制仿人机器人运动的稳定性.首先介绍了二阶锥规划的原理;其次利用摩擦力、ZMP和运动能量3个约束条件构建二阶锥,从而进行求解;最后通过仿真实验证明,该方法与LMS和微粒群在多方面对比有明显优势,提高了仿人机器人运动的稳定性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has