不同冷却方式下四面受火钢筋混凝土柱的力学性能

对四面受火钢筋混凝土柱在经历不同加热温度(250℃,450℃,650℃)、不同冷却方式(喷水与自然冷却)情况下的力学性能进行了试验研究,分析了高温后冷却方式对钢筋混凝土柱耐火极限和承载力的影响.结果表明,受热温度和冷却方式对高温后钢筋混凝土柱的极限承载力有较大影响.随着温度的升高,钢筋混凝土柱的承栽力逐渐降低,且不同的冷却方式对其承载力均有影响,与自冷柱相比,喷水冷却加剧了钢筋混凝土柱正截面承载能力的退化.     

薄壁槽钢柱的抗火计算方法及参数分析

基于Rankine公式，提出了一种可用于计算热轧薄壁槽钢柱抗火极限的方法，采用有限元软件MSC．MARC．Mentat对模型进行非线性有限元分析，给出模型网格划分及其失效后的变形图。对比有限元分析结果与理论解，吻合较好。并针对薄壁槽钢柱的长细比、扭转刚度参数及截面的宽高比，对其抗火性能的影响进行参数分析。结果表明：长细比是影响柱子抗火能力的最重要的因素，长细比越大，极限抗火承载力越低；弹性弯扭屈曲向弯曲屈曲转化的临界长细比不随温度的改变而改变；对于薄壁槽钢柱而言，在截面面积一定或近似的情况下，截面宽高比越大，扭转刚度参数K越小，柱子在火灾下的极限承载力越好。     

轴向约束钢框架柱火灾升温下屈曲后性能研究

提出了一种改进的Jezék方法,用于火灾升温下轴向约束钢框架柱屈曲后性能分析,高温条件下钢材的应力-应变关系考虑了钢柱屈曲后凸侧可能出现的卸载现象.对轴向约束钢柱的参数分析表明,随着约束刚度的增大,钢柱附加轴力增大,屈曲温度降低,但轴向约束对屈曲后性能影响很小;荷载比大的构件抗火性能差,屈曲温度低,屈曲后轴力下降迅速;长细比小的构件,屈曲后轴力下降缓慢,屈曲后抗火性能显著提高;初弯曲大的构件,屈曲温度低,附加轴力小.在局部火灾下,利用约束钢柱的屈曲后性能,可显著提高其抗火性能.     

火灾高温下钢框架承载力及等效荷载分析

基于对火灾场钢结构框架梁极限抗弯、抗剪承载力和框架柱承载能力及稳定性的变化分析,提出采用等效楼面活荷载的增大来描述火灾高温对钢结构框架极限承载能力的削弱.建立火灾高温作用下钢结构框架梁极限抗剪承载力,框架柱承载能力和平面内、外稳定性以及结构等效楼面活荷载的计算表达式.通过具体算例分析火灾条件下,具有不同保护层厚度的钢框架梁、柱极限承载力以及结构等效楼面活荷载的变化规律,并将等效楼面活荷载计算方法与现有计算方法进行实例对比分析.分析结果表明:对于火灾高温作用下具有不同保护涂层厚度的钢结构框架,可根据火灾的燃烧时间和结构构件温度的变化,采用不同的等效楼面活荷载来分析火灾高温对结构受力性能的影响,简化结构的受力计算,判断其极限承载能力的变化.     

约束PEC柱(强轴)抗火性能试验研究

为了研究轴向约束对部分包裹型钢混凝土组合柱(PEC柱)抗火性能的影响,开展了轴向约束PEC柱的抗火性能试验研究和有限元分析.考虑轴压和绕强轴压弯两种受力形式,进行了两根ISO-834标准火灾作用下四面受火轴向约束PEC柱的抗火性能试验.测试了试件截面温度场分布、轴向及侧向变形和耐火极限,观察了试件的破坏过程.试验结果表明:施加柱端弯矩的约束PEC柱侧向变形速率大,其破坏形态与轴压约束柱明显不同,为绕强轴的弯曲破坏;相同荷载比下有柱端弯矩的约束PEC柱耐火极限比轴压约束柱略长,总体而言两者的耐火极限均较短.有限元分析结果与试验结果吻合较好,具有较高的精度,可用于进一步的参数分析.     

高强结构钢S690高温力学性能

在火灾下,材料力学性能的退化是导致钢结构承载力降低的主要因素.对高强结构钢S690进行稳态和瞬态火灾试验研究,并将S690的高温材性试验结果与欧洲、美国、澳大利亚、英国和中国钢结构设计规范进行对比,结果表明,依据各国现行钢结构设计规范进行高强钢S690钢结构的抗火设计是不安全的.另外,对试验得出的高温下高强钢S690的弹性模量、屈服强度和极限强度折减系数进行数值拟合,给出可准确表征S690高温下材料性能退化的预测公式,可用于指导含高强钢S690构件的钢结构抗火设计,并为相关规范的修订提供参考依据.     

高强度Q460钢高温蠕变性能

为了研究高强度Q460钢的高温蠕变对钢结构抗火性能的影响,采用高温蠕变试验装置测试了高温下高强度Q460钢材在不同应力水平下的蠕变应变随时间的变化曲线.根据试验数据,在现有蠕变模型的基础上拟合了高强度Q460钢材的高温蠕变模型.在有限元结构分析中引入钢材高温材料力学性能和蠕变参数,分析了考虑高温蠕变后轴心受力Q460钢柱的抗火性能.研究表明,高强度Q460钢材在高温和应力作用下具有明显的蠕变变形,在同一温度和时间下,蠕变应变随应力水平的提高明显增加;考虑蠕变效应后,在标准(ISO-834)的升温条件下,钢柱的耐火极限明显降低;在恒定温度下,钢柱的极限承载力随着时间的增加急剧降低,因而结构的抗火承载力设计需要考虑受火时间的影响.     

化学锚栓的高温力学性能试验

通过对有机化学锚栓和无机化学锚栓进行不同火场温度、冷却方式及静置时间条件下的实验室对比试验,研究了有机化学锚栓与无机化学锚栓的高温力学性能特性。研究结果表明:火灾高温作用后,化学锚栓的抗拔承载力整体呈降低趋势;随着温度逐渐升高,有机化学锚栓的抗拔承载力大幅度降低,无机化学锚栓的抗拔承载力先降低,后小幅回升,再大幅度降低;有机化学锚栓和无机化学锚栓的工作极限温度分别为170℃和450℃,耐火极限温度分别为300℃和700℃。     

RPC管-混凝土组合柱高温后轴压性能试验研究

针对RPC(活性粉末混凝土)管-混凝土组合柱(CFRT)这一新型组合结构的抗火性能开展试验研究.采用高温试验炉对7个大尺寸CFRT短柱进行升温试验及高温后的轴压试验,试验参数包括控制温度、配箍率和配箍方式.结果表明,CFRT高温下未发生爆裂现象;高温后的轴压承载力和刚度随试验温度的提高而降低,但具有相对较高的残余承载力;提高配箍率和采用双层配箍方式,有利于改善CFRT高温后的抗压性能;与已有的普通钢筋混凝土约束柱抗火试验结果相比较,CFRT具有更高的残余承载力比.CFRT具有优异的抗火性能.     

混凝土组合柱高温后轴压性能试验研究

针对RPC(活性粉末混凝土)管-混凝土组合柱(CFRT)这一新型组合结构的抗火性能开展试验研究.采用高温试验炉对7个大尺寸CFRT短柱进行升温试验及高温后的轴压试验，试验参数包括控制温度、配箍率和配箍方式.结果表明，CFRT高温下未发生爆裂现象；高温后的轴压承载力和刚度随试验温度的提高而降低，但具有相对较高的残余承载力；提高配箍率和采用双层配箍方式，有利于改善CFRT高温后的抗压性能；与已有的普通钢筋混凝土约束柱抗火试验结果相比较，CFRT具有更高的残余承载力比.CFRT具有优异的抗火性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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