装配式结构接缝微膨胀自密实混凝土收缩和力学性能研究

现浇混凝土接缝的质量控制和补偿收缩是预制装配整体式混凝土结构的关键问题之一.本文选取粉煤灰和石灰石粉作为矿物掺合料,总掺量为胶凝材料总量的30%;选取硫铝酸钙型膨胀剂,按照胶凝材料总量的8%、10%和12%等量取代水泥,制备了拌合物工作性能满足规范要求的自密实混凝土.实验研究了自密实混凝土收缩性能(自收缩、干缩)和基本力学性能(立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度和弹性模量)的影响规律.结果表明:掺加膨胀剂自密实混凝土的自收缩呈先膨胀后收缩规律;随着膨胀剂掺量增加,自收缩和干燥收缩均持续减小,立方体和轴心抗压强度以及劈裂抗拉强度降低,但弹性模量没有明显变化.从控制自密实混凝土早期收缩防止早期开裂考虑,膨胀剂掺量不宜低于10%;从控制自密实混凝土长期收缩防止后期裂缝考虑,可选取膨胀剂掺量不低于8%.     

低水胶比对复合胶凝体系水化特性和动力学影响研究

低水胶比复合胶凝体系的水化机理和水化行为较普通水胶比胶凝体系存在一定差异,该条件下传统的水化结论往往不再适用.以不同低水胶比水泥-粉煤灰-矿渣复合胶凝体系为研究对象,通过测试净浆试件7d水化热,结合水化动力学模型探明了低水胶比、矿物掺合料掺量对其水化行为和水化机理的影响,并通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析了低水胶比复合胶凝体系的水化产物差异.研究结果表明：水胶比为0.2、粉煤灰-矿渣复掺量小于50%时,复合胶凝体系早期和后期的放热速率无明显差异,此时复掺粉煤灰-矿渣对水泥水化存在一定促进作用,当水胶比增至0.25和0.3时,复掺粉煤灰-矿渣在10～17h抑制了水泥水化;当水胶比由0.3降低至0.2时,胶凝体系最大放热速率呈增大趋势,且水化过程由NG-I-D改变为NG-D,不再经历相边界反应;水化至28d时,水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)的形貌随着水胶比的降低,由纤维状向球状转变.     

管廊混凝土中镁质膨胀剂的水化与膨胀特性研究

地下管廊混凝土易产生收缩变形和渗漏开裂等病害,严重影响管廊结构安全和服役寿命。在管廊混凝土中掺加膨胀剂,可补偿其收缩变形,降低开裂。该文使用镁质膨胀剂,通过差热/热重分析仪对比不同温度对镁质膨胀剂的水化程度的影响,采用X射线衍射分析和扫描电镜研究不同龄期和水泥掺量下镁质膨胀剂的水化程度和水化产物形貌,分析其对混凝土收缩补偿效果。结果表明:镁质膨胀剂随养护温度升高水化加快,在50℃养护条件下的反应速率约是20℃养护条件下的2倍,水化产物特性无改变;镁质膨胀剂在大量水泥中水化呈六方板状,晶体尺寸小于0.1μm,易聚集在水泥水化产物周围,产生局部膨胀开裂。掺镁质膨胀剂管廊混凝土由收缩转变成微膨胀,随掺量和养护龄期增加,混凝土试件膨胀率会逐渐增加,养护到90 d后,膨胀速率逐渐变缓,可避免混凝土管廊胀裂风险。     

钢渣粉和钢渣水泥的活性及水化机理研究

利用X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微镜、化学结合水量测定以及胶砂实验等方法研究了钢渣粉和钢渣水泥复合粉的活性和水化机理,研究结果表明:钢渣硬化浆体中的矿物组成含有水化产物C-S-H凝胶和Ca(OH)2,钢渣残余矿物C2F、Ca2(Fe,Al)2O5、CaCO3和RO相,和一些未反应的胶凝矿物C2S和C3S;钢渣、水泥和钢渣-水泥浆体三者的水化产物种类类似,微观结构形貌存在差异;14 d后掺钢渣水泥净浆试样的化学结合水量与水泥差距缩小,28 d后化学结合水量实测值大于计算值;钢渣掺量(质量分数)小于30%时,钢渣水泥胶砂的28 d强度高于水泥胶砂的28 d强度。     

矿渣—粉煤灰基高性能混凝土专用胶凝材料

通过优化配比组分、粒级设计和使用外加剂,制备出一种高掺量矿渣、粉煤灰且使用水泥熟料较少的矿渣--粉煤灰基高性能混凝土专用胶凝材料.研究了物料粉磨方式、石膏掺量、矿渣与粉煤灰的掺量及比例对复合高性能胶凝材料体系强度的影响,并通过X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)微观分析手段观察其微观结构和水化产物,阐明了复合胶凝材料活性与级配协同优化效应.复合胶凝材料胶砂水胶比为0.36时具有较好的流动度,胶砂试块养护28d抗压强度可以达到58.9MPa,抗折强度达到14.2MPa,并具有良好的抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能,配制的混凝土具有良好的抗碳化性能.     

粉煤灰/矿粉-水泥胶凝体系的水化放热性能

利用等温量热仪,研究粉煤灰/矿粉-水泥胶凝体系3 d内水化放热性能,借助X射线衍射仪与热分析仪分析不同胶凝体系的水化产物。结果表明:掺量质量分数为45%时,粉煤灰-水泥胶凝体系3 d的水化放热量为175.4J/g,矿粉-水泥胶凝体系为205.4 J/g;矿粉-水泥胶凝体系水化速率峰值出现时间为15.3 h,大于粉煤灰-水泥胶凝体系的10.22 h;双掺粉煤灰和矿粉等量取代质量分数为50%水泥时,随粉煤灰掺入比例的增大,水化放热量减小的程度增大,但粉煤灰或矿粉的掺入比例与水化热峰值及其出现时间关系不大;掺入粉煤灰和矿粉后,可以明显降低早期水化产物中钙钒石(AFt)和氢氧化钙(CH)的生成量。     

贝利特-硫铝酸钡钙水泥水化机制

贝利特-硫铝酸钡钙水泥是一种新型胶凝材料,与贝利特水泥相比,该水泥的水化速度快,凝结时间短,需水量少,耐腐蚀性好.阐述硫铝酸钡钙矿物、贝利特水泥和贝利特-硫铝酸钡钙水泥的水化机制.结果表明:适当增加石膏掺量可使贝利特-硫铝酸钡钙水泥的水化速度加快,增加钙矾石(AFt)在水化早期的形成数量,有利于水泥早期强度的提高;贝利特-硫铝酸钡钙水泥的水化产物与硅酸盐水泥相同,但其钙矾石的含量增多,氢氧化钙的含量降低.该水泥早期水化速率低于硅酸盐水泥水化速率,水化放热量减少.     

掺MgO超细水泥的膨胀性能及其水化程度

在超细水泥中掺不同活性的MgO膨胀剂(MEA),研究MEA对超细水泥浆体和掺加超细粉煤灰水泥浆体膨胀性能的影响规律,并采用差热-热重同步热分析仪对MgO的水化程度进行表征.结果表明:MEA能很好地补偿超细水泥浆体的收缩,可作为补偿超细水泥收缩的新型膨胀剂;高活性MEA早期水化程度较大,掺高活性MEA水泥浆体的早期膨胀较大,后期膨胀增长趋势较小;低活性MEA早期水化程度低于高活性MEA,掺低活性MEA水泥浆体的早期膨胀较小,但后期膨胀趋势较大;MEA的掺量越大,水泥浆体的膨胀率越大;掺加超细粉煤灰抑制了掺加MEA水泥浆体的膨胀,但没有明显降低MgO的水化程度.     

矿物掺合料对硅酸盐水泥-硫铝酸盐水泥复合体系凝结时间及强度的影响

目的研究硅酸盐水泥-硫铝酸盐水泥复掺后的凝结时间及力学性能.方法分别测试不同硅酸盐水泥、矿物掺合料掺量下硅酸盐水泥-硫铝酸盐水泥复合体系的凝结时间及胶砂强度,并利用X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜进行矿物组成和结构分析.结果硅酸盐水泥-硫铝酸盐水泥复合体系的凝结时间随硅酸盐水泥掺量的增大先减小再增大,随掺合料掺量的增大先减小再增大.硅酸盐水泥-硫铝酸盐水泥复合体系的强度随着硅酸盐水泥的增加先减小后增大,硅酸盐水泥掺量为10%时,3d抗压强度减小10.67%;随着掺合料的增大而降低,掺合料掺量为40%时,矿粉、粉煤灰3 d抗压强度分别减小44.5%和47.9%.结论两种水泥复掺会缩短凝结时间,降低强度,水化产物减少,结构疏松;粉煤灰和矿粉的掺入会延长凝结时间,减小强度,水化产物减少.     

陶泥的活性评价及其对混凝土抗压强度的影响

通过活性试验对陶泥进行活性测试及评价,并将陶泥作为混凝土辅助胶凝材料,探讨了陶泥对混凝土抗压强度的影响.试验结果表明,陶泥具有反应活性,作为混凝土辅助胶凝材料能与混凝土中水泥水化产物Ca(OH)2发生二次水化反应;陶泥混凝土抗压强度与基准混凝土抗压强度随龄期发展规律相似;随着陶泥取代水泥量(质量分数)的增加,混凝土各龄期抗压强度呈下降趋势;陶泥取代水泥量不超过30%,混凝土强度等级可达到设计强度等级C30或C40;取代量相同时,陶泥混凝土与粉煤灰混凝土各龄期抗压强度比较接近.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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