Effect of Quantum Biology of Benzene

The purpose of the paper is to elucidate the biological effect of benzene on the basis of benzene constitution, quantum chemistry and quantum biology. In addition, we also have examined the toxicological mechanism of benzene in view of action of benzene on energy.     

A new approach of cascade utilization of the chemical energy of fuel

The indirect release of chemical energy of fuel is investigated, and a new mechanism is proposed to identify the cascade utilization of chemical energy of fuel more clearly. Based on the concept of energy level, the internal phenomenon of the indirect chemical energy release is disclosed, and the equations of energy level describing the utilization of chemical energy and thermal energy during the indirect chemical energy release process are obtained. From theoretical analysis, we find that the superiority of the indirect chemical energy release of fuel comes from the cascade utilization of the fuel's chemical energy. Moreover, the cascade utilization of chemical energy is verified by the investigation of CRGT (chemically recuperated gas turbine). As a result, the thermal exergy obtained from the chemical energy release of fuel increases by 2%?3%. The results obtained here may help a deeper understanding of indirect chemical energy release of fuel and provide a theoretical basis for the synthesis of innovative energy systems.     

Variations of optic properties of water under action of static magnetic field

Effects of static magnetic field on optic properties of water are investigated by infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The ultraviolet spectroscopy experiments show the changes of properties of water under action of static magnetic field, in the region of 191 to 400 nm. The infrared experiment shows that the water exposed in a magnetic field had saturation and memory effects. The magnetized effects increased with increasing exposed time, but were weakened with increasing of time when the magnetic field was removed. In the X-ray experiment, the strength of diffraction increased also, after the water was exposed in magnetic field. Meanwhile, the shift of peak and increase of strength of X-ray diffraction of magnetized water added with nanoFe3O4 occurred as compared with that of pure water added with nano Fe3O4. This result suggests that the magnetized wa- ter has certain magnetism. Finally, these phenomena are simply explained by the molecular structure of water and the theory of magnetization of water.     

Study on excitation of the two-tone acoustic characteristic of the chime bell of Marquis Yi of Zeng by finite element method

The bronze chime bells of Marquis Yi of Zeng are precious cultural relics of China. The bells have a two-tone acoustic characteristic,i.e.,striking different parts of the bell generates different tones. In this study,we use a finite element method to simulate the propagation of elastic waves and the generation of free oscillations of the bell. Vibrations with different spectral characteristics can be obtained by striking different parts of the chime bell of Marquis Yi of Zeng. By the observation of the vibration de-sign and through spectral analysis,we further help the understanding of the two-tone acoustic char-acteristic of the chime bell of Marquis Yi of Zeng.     

Modeling of Robust Design of Remanufacturing Logistics Networks

The uncertainty of time, quantity and quality of recycling products leads to the bad stability and flexibility of remanufacturing logistics networks, while general design only covers the minimizing logistics cost, so robust design is presented to solve it. The mathematical model of remanufacturing logistics networks is built on the stochastic distribution of uncontrollable factors, and robust objectives are presented. The basic elements of robust design of remanufacturing logistics are redefined, and each part of mathematical model is explained in detail as well. Robust design of remanufacturing logistics networks is a problem of multi-objective optimization in essence.     

Department of Industrial Engineering Won Award of IIE

The Department of Industrial Engineering of Tsinghua University won the Innovations in Curriculum Award of Institute of Industrial Engineering (IIE) at the annual meeting of IIE held in Nashville, Tennessee on May 20, 2007.     

Summarizing the Methods of Determination of Rational Completion Status of Cable-Stayed Bridges

Cable-stayed bridge is a high-order hyperstatic structure. The size of cable force affects the stress of the structure greatly. The key problem to detemine the rational completion status of cable-stayed bridges is how to control cable force on completion status. Surrounding this problem, domestic and foreign experts and scholars have done a lot of favorable work and obtained much achievement. On the basis of comprehensive reading domestic and foreign relative documentation, the author of this article classifies rationally the current researching achievement, comments and compares advantages and disadvantages of each method and lists two synthetic methods＇ detail steps and puts forward the researching emphasis of the field will deflect to synthesis several methods to determine the rational completion status of cable-stayed bridges     

The orientational preferences of backbones of proteins

The orientation between the backbone residues of proteins is defined based on the local configurations and the corresponding preferences are analyzed by statistics.It is found that all the residue pairs have some specific preferences of orientations.The statistical analysis is mainly concen-trated in the orientational distributions for two kinds of groupings of residues based on the hydrophobicity and secondary structural features.The statistics for such two types of groupings shows different orienta-tional preferences.It is found that for the former grouping the orientational preference is rather weak, while for the later a kind of strong orientational pref-erences.This suggests that the formation of local structures and of secondary structures are highly related to the orientational preferences.     

The Important Role of Context of Culture in Translation

This paper presents the indispensable role of context of culture in the translation of meaning of language in-use,showing it to be the source of contextual background of a particular text and of which the contextual features derive.It pays special attention to the tactics for understanding as well as interpreting words in the light of context.It maintains that the context of culture in which the translator works in mainly affects and limits the choice of words in translation.     

Existence of Young measure solutions of a class of singular diffusion equations

The first initial-boundary value problem of a class of singular diffusion equations with the flux sublinear growth and the potential without convexity is investigated. Such equations may be strongly degenerate, singular and forward-backward. Inspired by the idea in a recent work of Demoulini, we first discuss the regular case by introducing the Young measure solutions and prove the existence of such solutions. Consequently, we approximate the extreme case by the method of regularization. By means of some uniform estimates and some techniques, the existence of Young measure solutions with bounded variation is established.     

Literature Review of Performing Complaint with VariousDegrees of Strength of its Illocutionary Force

This paper reviews three studies on strength of the illocutionary force of performing complaint.It is shown that different scholars examine the preconditions for performing complaint with various degrees of strength of the illocutionary force from various perspectives.The drawbacks of previous research are also analyzed in this review.     

Theory of restriction degree of Triple I method with total inference rules of fuzzy reasoning

Based on the theory of sustentation degree of Triple I method together with the formulas of a-Triple I modus ponens (MP) and a-Triple I modus tollens( MT), the theory of restriction degree of Triple I method is proposed. Its properties are analyzed, and the general formulas of supremum of a-Triple IMP and infimum of a-Triple I MT are obtained.     

Alteration of the Specificity of PstⅠRestriction Endonuclease

The influence of factors on the substrate-specificity of Pst Ⅰ restriction endonuclease has been studied with the method of electrophoresis. The results show that, the specificity of Pst Ⅰ almost can not be influenced by the single alteration of the concentration of Tris*HCl, Mg2+ or Na+ in the reaction system, but it can be altered by the reduction of any two of them. The specificity can not be altered by the single alteration of pH or the replacement of Mg2+ with Mn2+. The addition of glycerol or dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) to the reaction system results in the relaxation of the substrate-specificity of Pst Ⅰ , but dimethylmethylformide, glycol and ethyl alcohol can not bring about the alteration of Pst Ⅰ specificity. Through the method of cloning and sequencing, the nucleotides of No.1 and 6 in the recognition sequence of Pst Ⅰ have changed (1C→A or 6G→T). Used with the enzyme analysis of an artificially synthetic DNA segment containing a special sequence, the nucleotides of No.1 and 6 have both changed (1C→A and 6G→T). The recognition sequence of Pst Ⅰ is speculated to be changed from CTGCA↓G to TGCA↓.     

UniversityJournal of Dalian

erature of Chinese Communist PartyLiterature of Chinese Communist PartyLiterature of Chinese Communist PartyLiterature of Chinese Communist PartyLitera     

Modeling Experiment of Break of Debris-Flow Dam

Glaciers are extensively developed in the southwest of Tibet and the moraines are widely distributed with large depth. Large-scale debris flows are often reported which blocked rivers and formed dams. In this paper, seven large debris flows in four valleys are discussed, among which five dams developed. 13 sets of experiments have been conducted in laboratory to simulate the formation and failure of the dam. Finally, a model of dam failure is proposed and a formula is established to calculate the flood discharge： Q=kbnnk/TB^-/LG^0.1,where bk is the outlet width of the dam at the original water level, hk the erosive depth, T the time from overflow to final state of failure, the average width of lake; L the length of the lake, and G the total potential energy of the water in the lake.     

Infinite Family of Imaginary Cyclic Fields of Degree p-1 with the p-Rank of the Ideal Class Groups of at Least Two

Imaginary cyclic fields of degree p-1 which have two distinct unramified cyclic extensions of de- gree p are produced using elementary properties of the Lucas sequences. An infinite family of imaginary cyclic fields of degree p-1 are then given with the p-rank of the ideal class groups of at least two.     

Molecular Fundaments of Mechanical Properties of Spider Silk

Dragline, framework and cocoon silk fibers of Araneus Ventricosus were used for this study. To investigate the microstructure mechanisms of stress-strain behavior of spider silk, firstly, amino acid compositions were analyzed and molecular conformations and crystallinity were measured with Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction respectively. The results showed that there were more amino acids with large side groups and polar ones in spider silk than those of Bombyx silk, and the amino acid distribution varied with different spider silk. The molecular structures were mainlyα-helix and β-sheet, and random coil andβ-turn existed as well. The proportions and arrangement of these conformations of dragline silk were different from framework and cocoon silk fibers. Microstructure was one of important factors of excellent mechanical properties of spider silk. Crystallinity of spider silk was very low, which implied that the roles of crystal on spider silk were not as great as other protein fibers.     

Reappraisal of phylogenetic status and genetic diversity analysis of Asian population of Lentinula edodes

Phylogenetic relationship within the Lentinula genus is constructed based on the sequenced ITS fragments of the 60 Chinese wild L. edodes isolates and the sequence data of 48 isolates of different species from other districts downloaded from the GenBank. The 108 isolates of Lentinula genus are divided into two branches and seven groups, one branch and two groups in the New World, and the other branch and five groups in the Old World, and the isolates clustering of different groups corresponds obviously with the classification of the morphological species. Asian isolates are partitioned in group Ⅰ and Ⅴ, two of the five groups of the Old World, by which the germplasm resources status represented is of great importance shown by the phylogenetic analysis. Group Ⅴ which fills up the blank of geographic distribution has become one of the mainstream groups with an increased isolate number, while group Ⅰ has a tendency to dissimilate into two subgroups (Ia and Ib) with a huge isolate quantity and a coverage of most tested districts, suggesting that China (or Asia) is an important genetic diversity center of the natural population of Lentinula genus. Genetic analysis of Asian isolates based on groups Ia, Ib and group Ⅴ indicates that the diversity of the east coastal-land, northwestern highland and southwestern China and Himalayas districts is the most plentiful, which is the three priorities in diversity protection of Asian Lentinula population.