炭黑类填充料对氢化丁腈橡胶的导电性能的影响

对炭黑类（乙炔炭黑及快压出炭黑）填充氢化丁腈橡胶（HNBR）的导电性能进行了研究.探讨了电阻率与炭黑填充量的变化规律,分析了氢化丁腈橡胶的导电机理,同时对导电氢化丁腈橡胶的物理机械性能进行了研究与测定.     

炭黑填充LDPE体系发泡复合材料的导电性能

以低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）和乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯（EVA）为主基体, 乙炔炭黑(ACET)为导电填料, 偶氮二甲酰胺（AC）为发泡剂, 过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）为交联剂制备LDPE/EVA/CB导电泡沫复合材料. 通过分析炭黑含量、 交联剂、 发泡剂对复合材料电性能的影响表明, 该导电泡沫具有较理想的泡孔结构, 升温电阻测试表明, LDPE/EVA/ACET导电发泡复合材料具有较好的开关特性, 呈明显的正温度系数(PTC)特性, 并确定了发泡剂和交联剂的用量, 获得了具有较好泡沫性能和PTC特性的导电泡沫材料.      

导电型形状记忆聚合物的制备及性能测试

以环氧树脂、胺类固化剂DDM为原料,经过化学反应得到形状记忆环氧树脂,将其作为基体,加入导电炭黑,采用共混的方法制备了导电型的形状记忆环氧树脂.通过实验方法,研究了炭黑含量对导电型的形状记忆环氧树脂的形状记忆性能、拉伸性能、黏弹性能、导电性能等的影响.实验结果表明,导电型的SMP具有较好的形状回复性能.通过不同温度下的应力松弛实验,显示随着温度的升高,炭黑含量不同的4种样品的弹性模量均降低;随着炭黑含量的增加,各种样品的玻璃化转变温度呈递减状态,同时SMP复合材料的黏弹性减弱,材料表现为一定的绝缘性;当炭黑含量达到25%时,体积电阻率急剧下降,导电性迅速提高.     

黑色导电织物耐久性、耐洗涤性的研制

试验了一种简易方法制备具有一定耐久性、耐洗涤性的黑色导电织物.试验采用混酸对乙炔炭黑表面进行氧化改性处理,制得稳定易上染的水分散体系,再采用浸染法和溶胶法对织物进行上染.探讨了混酸改性上染织物的最佳用量.研究了水洗摩擦对电阻率的影响,实验表明:在采用18 mL混酸对乙炔炭黑进行改性后,浸染法制得的织物上染量最多,达到0.12 g·g-1,所得织物的导电性能、耐久性、和耐洗性好.按照本法所得到的织物其抗静电性能接近国外相应产品的性能,具有巨大的市场应用价值.     

聚氯乙烯/炭黑复合型泡沫导电高分子材料的电性能

以特导炭黑（CB）为导电填料, 聚氯乙烯（PVC）和三元乙丙橡胶（EPDM）为主基体制备PVC泡沫导电复合材料, 研究该复合材料的泡孔结构和阻温特性, 分析炭黑含量、 交联剂和发泡剂对复合材料电性能的影响. 结果表明, 所制备的导电泡沫具有较理想的泡孔结构, 经过升温电阻测试, 该泡沫体出现负温度系数（NTC）效应, 随着炭黑含量的增加, 在NTC效应后期出现正温度系数（PTC）效应. 通过探讨NTC效应 的机理, 确定了发泡剂和交联剂的用量, 从而获得良好的泡沫性能和NTC特性的导电泡沫材料.      

耐久性、耐洗涤性黑色导电织物的研制

本文试验了一种简易方法制备具有一定耐久性、耐洗涤性的黑色导电织物。试验采用混酸对乙炔炭黑表面进行氧化改性处理,制得稳定易上染的水分散体系,再采用浸染法和溶胶法对织物进行上染。探讨了混酸改性上染织物的最佳用量。研究了水洗摩擦对电阻率的影响,实验表明：在采用18ml混酸对乙炔炭黑进行改性后,浸染法制得的织物上染量最多,达到0.12gg-1,所得织物的导电性能、耐久性、和耐洗性好。按照本法所得到的织物其抗静电性能接近国外相应产品的性能,具有巨大的市场应用价值。     

胶乳反应改性法制备炭黑填充型丁腈橡胶复合材料

在以丁腈橡胶(NBR)胶乳、炭黑(HAF)为主的体系中，通过引入适当的单体——甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)或丙烯酸丁酯(BA)，利用单体对橡胶乳液的接枝，与HAF表面产生化学结合，从而改善了炭黑在橡胶中的分散性，加强了橡胶与炭黑之间的结合，制备出了具有优良力学性能和耐热性能的炭黑填充丁腈橡胶复合材料．文中还考察了NBR、HAF与单体的接枝效果，并对复合材料的力学性能、热性能及动态力学性能进行了研究，通过扫描电镜(SEM)探讨了复合材料的微观结构、     

等离子体处理对炭黑/硅橡胶压阻特性的影响

利用等离子体对炭黑进行表面处理,比较不同气体等离子体处理前后炭黑/硅橡胶的压阻性能.试验表明,炭黑经氩气等离子体处理后,所制备的试样电阻减小；而经氮气等离子体处理后,试样的电阻增大,同时提高了电阻的变化范围.原子力显微镜(AFM)测试表明,等离子体处理后的炭黑表面产生明显的凹凸；由扫描电子显微镜(SEM)图像可知,炭黑在硅橡胶中的粒径较小,分散较均匀,这些均有利于提高炭黑/硅橡胶压阻灵敏性.等离子体处理对于发黑/硅橡胶的压阻重复性和迟滞性能等影响不大.     

不同碳气凝胶导电剂对Li-MnO_2电池性能的影响

以间苯二酚、甲醛为前驱体,通过溶胶凝胶法,采用CO2超临界干燥、冷冻干燥、常压干燥制备碳气凝胶.采用N2低温吸脱附法、四探针法、扫描电镜对碳气凝胶的电导率、孔结构等进行考察,研究碳气凝胶作为导电剂材料对锂-二氧化锰电池大电流放电性能的影响.结果表明:不同干燥方法制备的碳气凝胶电阻率相近,比表面积差异较大,CO2超临界干燥制备的碳气凝胶比表面积最大(1 017.85 m2/g);以CO2超临界干燥制备的碳气凝胶为导电剂的电池放电比容量最大,100 m A恒流放电比容量达到101 m Ah/g,其放电平台比常压干燥的碳气凝胶高80 m V左右,1 m A恒流放电比容量则差异较小.结果显示碳气凝胶导电剂比商业乙炔黑导电剂性能更优.     

硅橡胶-炭黑导电橡胶的逾渗特性研究

以炭黑为导电相填充硅橡胶制备导电橡胶,并基于Matlab软件建立了相应体系的逾渗模型,对比研究了炭黑含量及粒径对导电橡胶体系粒子逾渗特性和导电性能的影响。结果表明,当炭黑粒径一定时,炭黑含量是影响所制导电橡胶导电性能的重要因素,当炭黑含量达到逾渗阈值,材料电阻急剧减小,炭黑粒径越小,所制材料的逾渗阈值越低。不同炭黑粒径下,导电橡胶体系的分形维数均随着炭黑含量增加而增大,并且炭黑粒径越小,体系分形维数越小,而分形维数较小的体系在逾渗状态前形成导电集团的能力更强。对比实验和数值模拟结果可知,本文构建的逾渗模型能较好地反映硅橡胶-炭黑导电橡胶中导电相的结合特性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of