自复位学校建筑抗震韧性区域评估用数字孪生模型

在区域层面上对具有自复位模块结构的学校建筑进行抗震损伤和恢复力评估研究，建立了一个基于Python语言的从结构非线性分析到损伤程度可视化演示用的数字孪生模型。Python语言也是目前通用于机器学习模型训练的编程语言，方便在该数字孪生模型中引入人工智能模型来代替结构仿真计算，通过使用实时监测地震动和结构响应数据结合人工智能模型进行区域灾害响应和功能恢复快速评估。结构损伤和恢复力分析结果（如不同地震下修复成本、修复时间、不可修复的概率等指标）通过生成shapefile在地理信息系统（GIS）软件中进行三维可视化，从而对采用自复位模块结构的学校建筑结构群在区域范围上进行抗震韧性定量评估。该模型的计算模块包括区域建筑结构清单生成、简化数值模型建立、地震响应非线性分析、结构响应参数生成、建筑结构易损部件定义、地震损失概率模型评估以及区域灾害损失的结果输出。这里的基于概率模型的学校建筑结构地震损失评估采用了FEMA P-58方法，并使用了Pelicun软件包进行计算。以旧金山湾区近2 000栋学校建筑作为案例，对假定使用偏心支撑框架自复位结构作为抗震结构体系的学校建筑群进行了抗震韧性评估，研究了通...     

基于双地震动强度指标的桥墩地震易损性模型研究

基于双地震动强度指标,开展典型桥墩的地震易损性模型研究.采用Open Sees软件建立桥墩的有限元分析模型,通过增量动力分析方法计算得到桥墩的地震响应.根据受试者工作特性分析方法对地震动强度指标进行评价,选择出有效性较好的地震动强度指标组合,基于线性组合的方法分别建立双地震动强度指标桥墩易损性模型,并和单地震动强度指标模型进行对比.结果表明:双地震动强度指标的有效性普遍优于单一地震动强度指标;桥墩发生相同损伤状态时,基于双地震动强度指标建立的易损性曲面的中位值小于基于单一地震动强度指标得到的中位值.研究结果可为桥梁结构的后续风险评估及加固决策提供参考.     

基于增量动力分析的钢框架结构抗震性能评估

为了预测结构的抗震能力,以分别代表低层、中层及高层结构的3层、9层、20层钢框架为例,采用增量动力分析方法对3个结构模型进行了近断层地震作用下不同强度指标的地震性能评估．基于增量动力分析,从概率的角度得到了结构在不同强度指标下的地震危险性曲线、年平均超越概率及重现周期．通过对比分析发现不同层数的结构模型选取不同的强度指标进行性能评估的有效性不同：3个结构模型均适合采用Sa作为地震动强度指标;3层钢框架不适合采用aPGA作为强度指标,9层钢框架较适合采用aPGA作为强度指标,而20层钢框架选取aPGA作为强度指标的有效性尚不确定．     

预制楼梯连接形式对楼梯间抗震性能的影响分析

基于ANSYS建立了6个楼梯间有限元模型,通过模态分析与罕遇地震作用下的弹塑性动力时程分析,对比分析了各模型的结构动力特性、位移响应、加速度响应、应力分布及梯板采用分离式连接的竖向振动情况,以研究楼梯子结构采用不同连接方式及连接强度时对楼梯间结构抗震性能的影响.     

近断层地震动作用下长周期结构的地震动强度指标

选取国内外13次地震的26个近断层地震动记录,研究适用于长周期结构的地震动强度指标.采用时程分析法计算了自振周期3.0～8.0 s的单自由度结构的加速度、速度和位移响应,研究了峰值加速度、均方根加速度、峰值速度、均方根速度、峰值速度与峰值加速度比、峰值位移和均方根位移与这些响应最大值的相关性.在此基础上以宿迁某高层隔震建筑为对象,进一步考察实际长周期结构的最大地震响应与地震动强度指标的相关性.研究结果表明:不同地震动强度指标与长周期结构最大响应的相关性差别很大,加速度型地震动强度指标的相关性最差,速度型强度指标随着结构周期的增加其相关性愈差,位移型强度指标随着结构周期的增加其相关性愈好.相比峰值加速度和峰值速度强度指标,近断层地震动作用下长周期结构时程分析时,选择位移型地震动强度指标用于选择和调整地震动输入更为合理.     

采用随机响应面法钢筋混凝土框架抗震全局灵敏度分析

采用基于多项式混沌展开的随机响应面方法,建立结构输出响应的代理模型,求得各输入变量的基于方差分析的全局灵敏度指标.之后以层数不同的三个钢筋混凝土框架结构为应用对象,使用Open Sees软件进行有限元建模,并采用该方法对结构进行整体承载能力极限状态下的抗震全局灵敏度分析,将求得的各输入变量的灵敏度指标绘于同一图中,比较不同输入变量对结构响应的影响大小.从求得的全局灵敏度指标可知,影响结构抗震可靠度的主要因素为地震作用的不确定性以及结构的钢筋屈服强度.该结果符合工程经验判断,进一步说明所采用的方法具有较高的可行性和计算精度.     

基于Vague集的地下洞室地震安全评价

针对地下洞室群安全评价研究相对匮乏,且研究中大多针对应力或位移等单一指标开展安全评价,其结果具有明显局限性的问题,基于集成强度折减法、粒子群优化算法、投影寻踪法及Vague集的集对分析模型等方法,以结构的竖向位移、水平位移、加速度及压应力等多个动态响应参量作为地下洞室地震安全评价的关键指标,提出了适用于大型地下洞室群多指标的地震安全评价方法体系。以某工程为例进行了大型水电工程地下洞室群地震安全评价研究,结果表明所选地下洞室的3个断面均处于安全稳定性较好的评价等级,验证了地下洞室群地震安全评价模型的有效性。     

基于桩土相互作用下高桩码头地震响应分析

针对桩土相互作用下髙桩码头结构在不同工况下的地震响应情况,利用大型商业软件ABAQUS建立了桩-土-结构有限元模型。在假定桩土之间非线性作用下,对高桩码头在不同地震幅值、土体强度、桩间间距、有无斜桩等工况下进行模拟分析,得到了码头面板及桩的位移和加速度动态响应图。结果表明:码头的地震响应随地震幅值的增大而增强;土体的强度对码头的地震响应影响相对较小;码头结构对码头的地震响应有较大影响。     

基于IDA的型钢混凝土框架的地震易损性分析

基于增量动力分析(IDA)方法研究了型钢混凝土框架结构在地震作用下的易损性和抗倒塌能力.设计了4个具有不同柱梁抗弯承载力之比的结构,对其进行IDA分析,获得了各模型的抗震能力曲线.进行了场地地震危险性分析,获得了场地地震危险性概率模型.根据结构抗震能力曲线,分析了结构的地震易损性,得到了结构在地震作用下各性态点的超越概...     

高层装配式剪力墙结构地震损伤性能评估

基于混凝土剪力墙结构的地震损伤性能评估标准,并结合振动台试验研究中高层装配式剪力墙结构的不同地震响应,评估其地震损伤性能。根据地震波作用下结构主要抗侧力构件即预制剪力墙/现浇连接部位和耗能构件即叠合连梁的裂缝发生发展规律、破坏形态及地震响应,将其地震破坏等级划分为6级,给出相应的结构性能水平,并基于改进的Park-Ang双参数损伤模型,在不同加速度峰值时由各楼层的损伤指数求得结构的损伤指数;最终提出整体结构基于层间位移角和损伤指数的2类性能量化指标,以评价结构在地震作用下的性能状态。研究结果表明:各楼层位移损伤和滞回耗能损伤的相对比例可以反映结构在弹性和塑性状态下不同的损伤机理;基于层间位移角和结构损伤指数的性能量化指标可以有效评价高层装配式剪力墙结构的不同性能水平。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that