基于次级通路离线重构的车内道路噪声主动控制

针对车内道路噪声主动控制(RNC)系统收敛速度慢、降噪量小的问题,在考虑噪声计权特性的基础上提出基于次级通路离线重构的归一化参考信号计权滤波最小均方误差(NFWXLMS)车内道路噪声主动控制算法。在不增加控制系统计算复杂度的前提下,可以有效提升车内道路噪声主动控制系统的收敛速度和降噪量。基于Simulink离线仿真,进行了NFWXLMS算法和归一化参考信号滤波最小均方误差(NFXLMS)算法的收敛性和降噪量对比,结果表明新算法可以有效改善道路噪声主动控制系统收敛性、提升系统降噪量。最后,开展基于2种算法的道路噪声主动控制实车道路试验,测试结果表明系统的降噪量得到明显提升。     

含冲击的车内道路噪声主动控制系统

针对道路噪声主动控制系统中，冲击噪声引起的鲁棒性问题，提出了一种对冲击噪声的主动控制方法。首先，进行了道路噪声采集试验，选取了4个最佳参考信号位置，并采集了道路冲击噪声的数据。然后，基于多通道自适应滤波算法，提出了归一化多通道自适应滤波算法和符号算法相结合的冲击噪声主动控制算法。其次，基于提出的冲击噪声主动控制算法，搭建了道路噪声主动控制系统仿真模型，使用采集到的冲击噪声信号和加速度信号进行了仿真分析。最后，使用选取的4个加速度信号和1个扬声器，控制驾驶员处的道路噪声，进行了道路冲击噪声主动控制试验，验证了方法的有效性。与原有算法相比，该算法的稳定性和降噪效果得到了较大的提升。     

驱动半轴扭转刚度对车内噪声影响研究

针对一款前置后驱车型传动系统扭振引起车内噪声的问题,分析了"驱动桥——后悬架"路径耦合点的作用机理,然后应用AMESim软件建立仿真分析模型并用测试结果进行校验。基于仿真模型分析半轴扭转刚度对驱动桥2个耦合点扭振的影响规律,使用相干分析方法分离了主减输入与车轮扭振对车内噪声的影响程度,提出了半轴扭转刚度的优化方向。实车验证结果表明,提高半轴扭转刚度后,车内噪声明显降低,车内噪声降幅最大可达6 dB,后排噪声改善好于前排。该项研究为解决同类问题提供了参考。     

一种基于虚拟传感的双通道主动降噪方法

在主动噪声控制系统中,有效降噪范围受通道数量的影响很大,传统方式主要是通过增加系统通道数量来扩大有效降噪范围(3 dB以上),成本较高,且对计算能力要求极高.为实现在不增加通道数、误差传感器及扬声器数量的情况下,扩大有效降噪范围,使用了一种基于虚拟误差传感的方法,在FxLMS双通道主动噪声控制系统中研究虚拟传感器设置的位置与有效降噪范围的关系.结果表明:在虚拟传感器设置为不同位置时,有效降噪范围由12 cm增加到26 cm.     

基于ATV技术的铝合金地铁车体壁板声学贡献度分析

地铁车辆车体壁板振动辐射形成车内结构噪声,直接影响旅客乘坐舒适性.分析车体壁板声学贡献度可以确定对车内噪声影响较大的壁板位置,进而针对性地修改车体壁板结构,以改善车体壁板振动特性、降低车内结构噪声.运用声传递向量(ATV)技术分析了铝合金A型地铁车辆车体壁板的声学贡献度,确定了影响车内结构噪声较大的壁板位置.     

某中型客车车内噪声主动控制试验研究

根据自适应噪声主动控制理论,选择FELMS自适应控制算法建立了某中型客车车内噪声主动控制系统.通过采集发动机悬置处振动信号获取参考信号频率.最后根据建立的控制系统模型,选用合适的硬件搭建试验系统进行了试验,取得了较好的消声效果.     

车内稳态噪声干扰度有源增益系数提前梯度优化方法

为使用有源噪声均衡技术快速优化车内稳态噪声干扰度,分析了传统枚举方法搜索有源均衡最优增益系数向量用以优化噪声品质的特点;通过主观评价建立了车内20-500Hz频率范围内稳态噪声对于人员注意力的干扰程度的噪声品质,干扰度;建立了以20-500Hz频率范围内各个临界频带线性总声压幅值为输入的噪声干扰度反向传播(BP)神经网络客观计算模型;推导了以收敛后的BP神经网络权值表示的各个输入对于噪声干扰度的灵敏度和贡献量;推导了一个频带的有源增益系数、有源均衡前幅值频谱、参考信号,与有源均衡后频带内线性总声压幅值的关系;基于这个关系和噪声干扰度的灵敏度以及贡献量提出了搜索最优增益系数的提前梯度优化方法.使用提前梯度方法有源优化车内稳态噪声干扰度,优化过程耗时较少,主观评价试验显示,优化效果较准确,车内稳态噪声干扰度改善较显著.     

基于LabVIEW虚拟信号发生器的设计与实现

设计和实现了一种基于LabVIEW的虚拟信号发生器,它利用基于LabVIEW编写的程序,根据输入参数生成虚拟信号,利用基于USB接口的MSP-010501数据采集卡把虚拟信号转换为实际信号输出.虚拟信号发生器的主要功能如下:可产生正弦波、方波、三角波、锯齿波等基本波形;可根据公式输入来产生波形;可向任意信号添加噪声.此虚拟信号发生器具有价格便宜、容易开发、可维护性好等优点.     

基于双阵元的宽带相干信源数估计

不同噪声条件下,宽带相干信源数估计是阵列信号处理中的难点问题.本文针对宽带信号的特点,利用虚拟阵列扩展技术,将宽带信号的不同频率成分虚拟为不同间距的虚拟阵元,通过空间平滑削弱信号之间的相干性.但由于噪声的功率谱非严格平坦,虚拟阵列协方差矩阵的噪声特征值发散程度严重,经典的信息论方法完全失效.基于对角加载技术,提出了一种新的加载量,有效地平滑了噪声特征值,减弱了其发散程度,并在此基础上利用比率准则改进了信息论方法,实现了两阵元对多个信源的数目估计.仿真实验表明,改进后的方法在白噪声和色噪声条件下均具有较好的性能,优于盖氏圆方法.     

基于新型阻尼材料的汽车减振降噪仿真及实验研究

基于Virtual.Lab.Acoustics对汽车车身板件对车内噪声的贡献量进行仿真分析,得到车身各板件对车内噪声最大贡献量的峰值频率,用于指导基于阻尼减振降噪技术的汽车改装;并对比汽车左前车门粘贴新型阻尼材料改装前后对车内噪声贡献量,结果表明改装后车门贡献量明显降低。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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