安徽省生态农业建设与实践

一、安徽省生态农业的发展历程 1．学术探讨和理论宣传阶段（20世纪70年代末～80年代中期） 20世纪70年代末,学术界开始提出用生态学原理进行农业建设的问题。在1980年召开的全国农业生态经济学术讨论会上。“生态农业”这一术语被第一次提出。此后,许多专家学者从不同角度阐述了生态农业的概念,生态农业的内涵不断得到补充和完善,生态农业的影响也不断扩大。在理论探讨的基础上,安徽省农业部门在不同场合开始了保护生态环境、探索生态农业的宣传工作,并于20世纪80年代中期成立了农业生态环境保护的专门机构。     

中国农业发展的方向—生态农业

生态农业是遵循生态经济学规律进行经营和管理的集约化农业体系，生态农业是我国农业发展的主要方向。本文分析了我国农业发展的现状和趋势，阐述了生态农业的概念及研究现状，探讨了发展生态农业的现实意义和深远的历史意义，提出了发展生态农业的对策与措施，生态农业的建设和发展是我国农业发展的趋势，发展生态农业符合我国的基本国情，有利于贯彻农业生产因地制宜的原则，有利于农业自然资源开发利用与保护，有利于开发农村人力资源，有利于提高农业生产的综合效益，有利于农业发展的战略转移。     

循环型生态农业的概念与内涵分析

随着社会的发展、人们认识的深化,我国生态农业与循环农业的概念与内涵皆不断更新完善,至今,生态农业与循环农业两者在内涵上已呈现交叉重叠现象,在应用中造成了认识上的不清,为了减少概念的重复,进一步完善生态农业的内涵,以生态学原理、循环经济理论为依据,采用文献资料法、比较研究法、系统分析法,在分析生态农业与循环农业两者概念现状与发展趋势的基础上,建立了循环型生态农业概念,并分析了循环型生态农业的内涵,为系统化的现代农业设计与生产提供指导。     

生态农业可持续发展的两个基础:适应市场需求,发挥区域优势——兼论北京市大华山镇生态农业发展

一、生态农业 :我国农业发展的必然选择“生态农业”一词最初是由美国土壤学家Ｗ．Ａｌｂｒｅｃｈｅ于１９７０年提出的 ,１９８１年英国农学家Ｍ．Ｗｏｒｔｈｉｎｇｔｏｎ将生态农业明确定义为“生态上能自我维持、低输入 ,经济上有生命力 ,在环境、伦理和审美方面可接受的小型农业”。这种以克服石油农业所带来的危机的各种替代农业 ,源于生态学思想 ,其中心思想是将农业建立在生态学基础上而不是化学基础上。我国的生态农业一方面有其深厚、古老的农业传统背景与基础 ,另一方面开展生态农业研究和试点已有近２０年的历史 ,特别是９０年代…     

生态农业可持续发展的两个基础:适应市场需求,发挥区域优势——兼论北京市大华山镇生态农业发展

 一、生态农业 :我国农业发展的必然选择“生态农业”一词最初是由美国土壤学家Ｗ．Ａｌｂｒｅｃｈｅ于１９７０年提出的 ,１９８１年英国农学家Ｍ．Ｗｏｒｔｈｉｎｇｔｏｎ将生态农业明确定义为“生态上能自我维持、低输入 ,经济上有生命力 ,在环境、伦理和审美方面可接受的小型农业”。这种以克服石油农业所带来的危机的各种替代农业 ,源于生态学思想 ,其中心思想是将农业建立在生态学基础上而不是化学基础上。     

生态农业—实现农业持续发展的必然选择

通过对农业发展历程回顾,阐明了生态农业是实现农业可持续发展的唯一道路。同时说明了生态农业的概念及其特征,总结了近20年来中国生态农业发展的历史,指出发展生态农业是中国实现农业现代化的必然选择。     

对发展阿坝州生态特色农业的解读与思考

东部片区农业工作座谈会,已确定我州未来农业发展的主攻方向,就是立足我州生态农业的资源禀赋,大力推进生态农业发展。通过发展生态农业,实现生态建设与保护,农业持续增产增效、农民持续增收两者共赢的目的。对于农业工作者来讲,生态农业已经不是一个全新的概念,但就阿坝怎样发展生态农业,就要有一个全新理解。本文与各位同仁共同探讨、商榷问题。     

生态农业与农业自然资源的开发利用

本文通过分析生态农业的基本原理和特点，针对我国农业自然资源的特点及存在问题，认为生态农业能充分发挥我国农业自然资源的优势，维持农业生态系统的平衡与稳定，提高农业生产力水平，是我国农业持续发展的必由之路。     

试论阿坝州发展生态农业的必要性与发展模式

发展生态农业，可以提高农业生产水平和增强可持续发展能力，促进由粗放经营向集约经营转变，由产品生产向商品生产转变，加速农业现代化进程，是应对加入WTO的挑战，发展农业生产的必然选择。从阿坝州的实际情况出发，生态农业的发展必须注意“软”、“硬”技术的结合，讲求整体规划的科学性、农业生产的系统性，整体效益的综合性与规模建设的工程性，着力提高其以市场为核心的竞争力。为此，笔者认为阿坝州生态农业建设的目标定位应为以村为基础建设生态农业自然村，完成生态农业产品的初级生产；以县为单位建成生态农业公司，实现对初级生态产品的加工增值；全州组建生态农业集团，统一全州生态农产品的对外宣传与销售。同时州、县生态农业公司与生态农业集团应在产品生产、物资供应与品种配置调整等方面要为生产经营者提供全方位的信息指导服务，从而实现生态农业产销一条龙、种养相加协调的、以市场需求为导向的发展模式。构建生态农业发展模式必须抓住以下几个要点：一是要立足区域资源优势，面向市场，走生态保护型和充分发挥资源特色，走不断培育、保护与综合开发利用相结合的现代农业之路，实现农村经济追赶型、跨越式发展。二是要积极创造条件，扶持一批大型连锁经营公司面向全省全国发展网络，建立具有低温冷藏、冷链运输等符合食品卫生要求的现代化生鲜食品配送中心，发展能够提供多样、优质、安全食品的连锁超市。三是要积极稳妥的建立有效的市场运作载体，大力促进生态农业产业化经营的发展。发展生态农业，没有现存的模式，州、县各级政府要因势利导，统筹规划，切实规划好发展生态农业自然村的建设发展工作，制定好实行“企业 农户 科技人员”、“订单农业”等产业化发展经营的优惠政策与激励措施。     

生态农业是当代农业的发展方向

所谓的生态农业,就是从系统思想出发,按照生态学原理,经济学原理和生态经济学原理,运用现代科学技术成果和现代管理手段,以及传统农业的有效经验,以期获得较高的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益的现代化的农业发展模式。与“高输入”的农业相比,生态农业是一种“低输入”的自我维持的农业,但效率却很高。这是采用有机的手段,尽量减少向农业输入化肥、农药等化学物质,转为主要依靠自然界自身的能量转换和物质循环,保证农业生产的健康稳定发展。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-