万钢:加强我国全球变化的协调集成研究已迫在眉睫

<正>7月9日,科技部部长万钢强调说,以全球气候变化为主要内容的全球变化问题日益突出,将成为人类可持续发展最严峻的挑战之一,大力加强我国全球变化的协调集成研究已经迫在眉睫。全球变化研究是研究地球系     

全球环境变化下的可持续发展思考

通过对目前全球变化现状的探讨,提出在全球变化背景下的可持续发展,以及减缓和适应全球变化的可持续发展措施。     

全球环境变化与人类健康可持续发展

基于全球环境变化与人类健康的相互关系,分析了全球环境变化对人类健康的影响机制,提出全球环境变化下人类健康可持续发展的基本对策。     

浅谈全球变化与社会经济发展方式的选择

介绍了全球变化的主要表现,分析了人类经济活动与全球变化之间的关系,在此基础上提出循环经济是全球变化大背景下实现社会经济可持续发展的新的经济增长方式。     

海平面上升及其对上海市可持续发展的影响

根据已有研究表明，全球海平面在未来的几十年内仍将持续上升，自1990-2100年，全球绝对海平面将上升9～88cm，对于上海市，由于其特殊的地理位置及地理条件，相对海平面变化幅度将远远大于全球海平面变化平均水平，为此就海平面变化对上海市可持续发展的影响作初步探讨。     

区域环境变化研究的重要科学问题--国家自然科学基金\\"21世纪核心科学问题\\"论坛

全球性环境问题是地球系统整体行为的结果,既涉及地球系统各圈层之间的相互作用,也与人类对地球系统的作用密切相关.区域环境变化是全球环境问题在区域上的反映和缩影.探讨区域环境变化问题既能丰富全球环境变化的研究内容,又可以为实施区域社会经济可持续发展服务.国家自然科学基金\\"十五\\"期间可以优先资助从区域的角度开展的全球变化研究,并注重研究区域变化对全球变化的影响和响应.具体研究方向:(1)海洋-大气-陆地相互作用与水循环;(2)东亚季风环境的形成演化及其对全球变化的响应与影响;(3)陆地生态系统生产力与全球变化的相互作用;(4)区域碳平衡及典型生源要素的生物地球化学过程;(5)人类活动对区域环境的影响.     

生态重构与经济可持续发展

人类生存、经济的发展必然要以消耗更多的自然资源为代价,关键是如何使得付出的代价最小。可持续发展中生态重构的思想是实现这一目标的重要途径。生态重构主要涉及到重新配置资源的利用方式,重构组分和经济组分之间的平衡两大问题。生态重构资源的利用方面,主要涉及生态重构的生物物理基础研究,生态加工工艺学,未来材料科学,全球未来能源政策和发展趋势等问题;生态重构组分和经济组分的平衡直接与生态系统政策导向和研究等许多问题有关。克服可持续发展的限制因素,根据生态重构思想制定符合全球以及与当地政治、社会、经济发展相协调的农林业生态系统可持续发展指标体系很有必要。     

区域环境变化研究的重要科学问题——国家自然科学基金“21世纪核心科学问题

全球性环境问题是地球系统整体行为的结果,既涉及地球系统各圈层之间的相互作用,也与人类对地球系统的作用密切相关。区域环境变化是全球环境问题在区域上的反映和缩影,探讨区域环境变化问题既能丰富全球环境变化的研究内容,又可以为实施区域社会经济可持续发展服务。国家自然科学基金“十五”期间可以优先资助从区域的角度开展的全球变化研究,并注重研究区域变化对全球变化的影响和响应,具体研究方向：（1）海洋－大气－陆地相互作用与水循环;（2）东亚季风环境的形成演化及其对全球变化的响应与影响;（3）陆地生态系统生产力与全球变化的相互作用;（4）区域碳平衡及典型生源要素的生物地球化学过程;（5）人类活动对区域环境的影响。     

对《全球变化》课程教学的几点认识

伴随以全球变暖为标志的全球变化问题成为关乎人类可持续发展的热点议题,越来越多的高等学校开设了《全球变化》课程。本文在介绍全球变化的科学内涵、全球变化的重要性以及全球变化课程的主要内容基础上,从教学内容、教学理念、教学手段、教学方法等方面提出全球变化课程教学中的几点认识。该文对于推动高校相关专业开展全球变化课程教学具有一定的借鉴意义。     

浅谈全球变化背景下人类活动对地球环境的影响

全球变化科学对揭示和理解人类赖以生存的地球系统运转的机制、变化规律及人类活动对地球表层环境系统的影响具有重要的意义。本文通过论述全球变化背景下人类活动对地球环境影响的若干基本问题,阐明只有推行可持续发展才能改善地球环境,从根本上遏制全球变化的加剧。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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