Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金交流TIG焊接头组织与性能

采用进口ER4043和ER4047作为填充焊丝对Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金热挤压板材实施交流TIG直缝对焊.利用金相观察、显微硬度测定及拉伸性能测试等方法研究了焊接接头的显微组织与力学性能.结果表明:在所选的焊接工艺参数条件下,交流TIG焊可以获得焊缝质量良好的焊接接头;焊缝区(WZ)是明显的熔融金属激冷形成的铸态组织,热影响区(HAZ)Si颗粒有聚集长大的趋势;接头显微硬度分布显示硬度在焊缝区达到最高,在熔合区急剧下降,在热影响区达到最低.两种焊丝焊接接头抗拉强度都达到基材的90%以上.     

焊后热处理对6082-T6铝合金焊接接头组织和性能的影响

对6082-T6铝合金焊接接头进行固溶+时效和时效两种热处理,研究不同热处理制度对其组织和性能的影响。实验结果表明：未处理的6082-T6焊接接头抗拉强度为225 MPa,断裂位置位于热影响区,接头硬度最低值均在热影响区;经时效处理后的6082-T6焊接接头处强化相分布更加均匀,焊缝区组织无明显变化,熔合区和热影响区组织轻微细化,抗拉强度为264 MPa,断裂位置仍在热影响区,接头硬度最低值均在热影响区;经固溶+时效处理后的6082-T6焊接接头处重新析出细小的强化相,熔合区和热影响区组织有明显的细化,抗拉强度提高到302 MPa,断裂发生在焊缝区,硬度值明显高于未处理6082-T6焊接接头的,硬度最低值位于焊缝区。     

热处理对Te-Ni-Cr合金组织及性能的影响

对粉末烧结制得的Te-Ni-Cr合金进行固溶时效热处理,通过金相显微分析和SEM观察、硬度测试、压缩试验及电化学腐蚀等手段,研究热处理对该材料金相组织和性能的影响.实验结果表明:合金经热处理后组织均匀,析出相数量增多且更加细小弥散;热处理后合金硬度和抗压强度降低、相对压缩率增加、塑性改善,其综合力学性能提高;热处理后合金的电化学腐蚀极化曲线特征值发生显著变化,Icrit和钝化电流显著增大,击穿电位Eb增加,表明合金耐腐蚀性能增强.     

高速列车车厢用的铝合金板焊接接头的组织与性能

利用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜研究了国产7020铝合金熔化极惰性气体保护焊(MIG)接头的微观组织结构,并对接头的力学性能进行研究.结果表明,接头的硬度以焊缝中心线为轴呈对称分布,且焊缝中心为接头的最薄弱环节;焊缝区为典型的树枝状晶的铸造组织.在熔合区,焊缝一侧为沿散热方向排列的柱状晶,另一侧为细小的等轴晶组织.热影响区内,仍可见纤维状加工痕迹,部分析出相固溶到基体中;强化相的粗化,是热影响区内出现软化区的主要原因.国产7020铝合金焊接接头强度达到欧洲标准.     

Cu,Ce对Al-7Si-0.35Mg合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

采用控制变量法,研究了Cu,Ce元素添加对Al-7Si-0.35Mg合金铸态及505℃10h固溶淬火+160℃6h时效热处理后显微组织和力学性能的影响.Cu,Ce元素对热处理态合金的强度、塑性影响显著.热处理态下,Ce含量一定时,添加3.4%~4.0%的Cu元素能使Al-7Si-0.35Mg合金的断裂强度提高50%以上.添加3.6%~3.8%的Cu元素时,合金的抗拉强度超过了390MPa;Ce可以有效改善共晶硅的形态,提高合金的伸长率.当Cu含量一定时,添加0.15%的Ce,Al-7Si-0.35Mg~3.6Cu合金的伸长率从4.2%提高到7.4%.添加过量的Cu,Ce元素,合金中会生成针状的Al9Ce2Cu5Si3四元相.实验结果表明,Al-7Si-0.35Mg合金中同时添加3.6%Cu和0.15%Ce时,材料有良好的综合拉伸性能.     

Mg质量分数对ER5356焊丝焊后接头组织性能的影响

为了提高焊丝焊后接头力学性能,研究了Mg质量分数对ER5356焊丝焊后接头组织性能的影响,优化了焊丝成分。焊接母材选用7A52铝合金板材,采用钨极惰性气体保护焊进行板材对接焊,观察焊接接头的显微组织,进行力学性能实验。研究表明,焊缝区是上述焊接接头最为薄弱的环节。随着焊丝中Mg质量分数的增加,焊接接头的强度不断增强,延伸率随之下降。     

火焰加热温度对6005A铝合金焊接接头性能的影响

针对铁路交通车辆用 60 0 5A铝合金型材的焊接变形 ,采用火焰加热方法进行矫正·研究了火焰加热温度对焊接接头抗拉强度、硬度及微观组织结构的影响·实验结果表明 ,当加热温度低于 2 0 0℃时 ,焊接接头的抗拉强度、硬度未降低 ,热影响区内软化区的显微组织未发生明显变化 ;当加热温度超过 2 0 0℃时 ,焊接接头的硬度发生较明显降低现象 ,软化区范围加宽·软化区材料性能下降的原因是在火焰加热的热输入过程中过热导致该区晶粒粗大     

热处理对2024铝合金组织和性能的影响

采用正交法设计了２０２４铝合金的热处理工艺方案,按设计方案进行了热处理试验和力学性能测试,同时测了淬火Ｃ－曲线,并运用金相、透射电镜等手段研究了固溶温度、淬火水温影响２０２４铝合金力学性能的微观机制,找到了２０２４铝合金的最佳热处理工艺制度。结果表明：合金经５００℃固溶１０－３０ｍｉｎ,转移时间小于１５ｓ,２５－７５℃水温淬火,自然时效９６ｈ,析出大量的与基体共格的ＧＰ区和Ｓ″ＳＨ ,ＷＧＱＱＲ     

8090Al—Li合金热处理工艺的研究

研究了８０９０Ａｌ－Ｌｉ合金经不同热处理工艺后，对其显微组织与力学性能的影响，测试了６种热处理状态合金的拉伸性能及其光镜，电镜组织，分析了分级时效与时效前预变形等的影响，对不同工艺参数，组织与性能的相关关系进行了分析讨论。     

振动对Zn-27Al-Si合金组织性能的影响

在变质Zn-27Al-Si合金液的凝固过程中给予振动，使生长在初晶硅球表面的条状共晶硅机械碎断而成为短杆状和蠕点状，从而减少了对基体的割裂作用，使合金的力学性能得到明显提高。试验表明，在振动条件下，钠仍可牢固地吸附在硅的孪晶台阶上，从而改变了硅晶体的生长方式，使初晶硅生长成球团状。同时还分析了锌铝硅合金的结晶凝固过程及组织特点，并对变质条件下初晶硅、共晶硅的生长机理以及振动对试验合金的组织与力学性能的影响机理进行了探索。     

Effects of conform continuous extrusion and heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-13Si-7.5Cu-1Mg alloy

The effects of conform continuous extrusion and subsequent heat treatment on the mechanical and wear-resistance properties of high-alloying Al-13Si-7.5Cu-1Mg alloy were investigated. The microstructures of alloys before and after conform processing and aging were compared by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The results reveal that the primary phases were broken and refined by intense shear deformation during conform processing. After the conform-prepared Al-13Si-7.5Cu-1Mg alloy was subjected to solid-solution treatment at 494℃ for 1.5 h and aging at 180℃ for 4 h, its hardness improved from HBS 115.8 to HBS 152.5 and its ultimate tensile strength increased from 112.6 to 486.8 MPa. Its wear resistance was also enhanced. The factors leading to the enhanced strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the alloy were discussed in detail.     

Effect of Ca modification on the elemental composition,microstructure and tensile properties of Al-7Si-0.3Mg alloy

The effect of Ca addition on the elemental composition, microstructure, Brinell hardness and tensile properties of Al-7Si-0.3Mg alloy were investigated. The residual content of Ca in the alloy linearly increased with the amount of Ca added to the melt. The optimal microstructure and properties were obtained by adding 0.06wt% Ca to Al-7Si-0.3Mg alloy. The secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) of the primary α phase decreased from 44.41 μm to 19.4 μm, and the eutectic Si changed from coarse plates to fine coral. The length of the Fe-rich phase (β-Al₅FeSi) decreased from 30.2 μm to 3.8 μm, and the Brinell hardness can reach to 66.9. The ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of the resulting alloy increased from 159.5 MPa, 79 MPa, and 2.5% to 212 MPa, 86.5 MPa, and 4.5%, respectively. The addition of Ca can effectively refine the primary α phase and modify the eutectic Si phase, likely because Ca enrichment at the front of the solid-liquid interface led to undercooling of the alloy, reduced the growth rate of the primary α phase, and refined the grain size. Also, it could increase the latent heat of crystallization, undercooling, and the nucleation rate of eutectic Si, which was beneficial to the improvement of the morphology of eutectic Si.     

Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金超塑性变形行为及变形机理

对Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金在Instron5500电子万能材料试验机上进行超塑性拉伸实验.通过对该合金超塑性过程中延伸率δ,应变速率敏感性指数m值的计算,获得了不同变形温度、不同应变速率下δ和m值的变化规律.该合金在温度为793 K,应变速率为1.67×10-4s-1时,合金的应变速率敏感性指数和延伸率均达到最大值,分别为0.44,379%.分别构建了该合金的功率耗散率图以及铝合金RWS变形机理图.运用功率耗散率图预报该合金的超塑性变形区域;应用铝合金变形机理图并结合该合金超塑性拉伸前后显微组织变化规律,根据不同温度下Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金柏氏矢量补偿的晶粒尺寸值、模量补...     

固溶制度对Al-5.6Cu-1.7Mg-0.2Zr-0.1Sr-0.6Ti合金挤压材组织性能的影响

通过金相组织分析、扫描电子显微镜分析、X射线衍射、硬度、电导率、室温拉伸性能、断后伸长率和抗晶间腐蚀等微观组织观察及性能表征,研究了四种不同固溶制度对Al-5.6Cu-1.7Mg-0.2Zr-0.1Sr-0.6Ti合金微观组织和性能的影响。结果表明：随着固溶温度的升高,合金中的晶粒逐渐变大;当固溶温度低于520℃时,合金中的未溶相的数量和尺寸随着固溶温度的升高而减小;当固溶制度为510℃×2 h+520℃×2 h时,合金中的未溶相开始增多,合金出现轻微过烧,断后伸长率及抗晶间腐蚀性能变差,但抗拉强度最高,达到了490.14 MPa。合金的位错强度和位错贡献值随着固溶温度的升高而减小,合金中的强化效果主要来源于固溶强化和时效析出强化。合金在T6状态下,(490℃×2 h+500℃×2 h)和(500℃×2 h+510℃×2 h)两种不同固溶制度下的抗拉强度和断后伸长率等力学性能和抗晶间腐蚀性能都较优,这两种固溶制度均是适合Al-5.6Cu-1.7Mg-0.2Zr-0.1Sr-0.6Ti合金的固溶制度。     

Effects of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of SLMed Sc-modified AlSi10Mg alloy

The influence of heat treatments on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the selective laser melting manufactured AlSi10Mg alloy modified with Sc was systematically investigated. The results showed that the addition of Sc element introduced primary Al₃ Sc, which increased the heterogeneous nucleation during the solidification of AlSi10Mg alloy, and then the ultrafine network eutectic structure was obtained, and hence the tensile strength was improved significantly(nearly 2...     

Superplastic Behavior and Deformation Mechanisms of AI-12.7Si-0.7Mg Alloy

对Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金在Instron5500电子万能材料试验机上进行超塑性拉伸实验.通过对该合金超塑性过程中延伸率δ,应变速率敏感性指数m值的计算,获得了不同变形温度、不同应变速率下δ和m值的变化规律.该合金在温度为793 K,应变速率为1.67×10-4s-1时,合金的应变速率敏感性指数和延伸率均达到最大值,分别为0.44,379%.分别构建了该合金的功率耗散率图以及铝合金RWS变形机理图.运用功率耗散率图预报该合金的超塑性变形区域;应用铝合金变形机理图并结合该合金超塑性拉伸前后显微组织变化规律,根据不同温度下Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金柏氏矢量补偿的晶粒尺寸值、模量补偿的应力值预报该合金的超塑性拉伸变形机理.     

热处理对增材制造AlSi10Mg合金组织性能及残余应力的影响

增材制造AlSi10Mg合金通常存在较大的残余应力,对材料的服役使用产生不利影响,故需要采用热处理对残余应力予以控制甚至消除.利用X射线衍射、光学显微镜、场发射扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、背散射电子衍射、维氏硬度和拉曼光谱试验,研究了成形态和退火态合金的显微组织、性能及残余应力.结果表明,成形态合金由过饱和Al固溶...     

Effects of Sb and heat treatment on the microstructure of Al-15.5wt%Mg2Si alloy

The modification effects of alloying element Sb and heat treatment on Al-15.5wt%Mg₂Si alloy were investigated by Olympus microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy and energy disperse spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It is found that Sb plays a significant role in shaping primary Mg₂Si phase and eutectic Mg₂Si phase in Al-15.5wt%Mg₂Si alloy. The Sb addition of about 1.0wt% makes the resultant alloy show the finest primary Mg₂Si phase and the eutectic Mg₂Si phase with well distribution. But further increasing the Sb content decreases the amount of primary Mg₂Si phase, and some segregated phases appear at regions between the grains. In addition, heat treatment can modify the microstructural feature of Sb-modified Al-15.5wt%Mg₂Si alloy in terms of obviously shortening the nodulizing time of primary Mg₂Si phase and eutectic Mg₂Si phase.     

Effect of the addition of Al-Ti-C master alloy on the microstructure and microhardness of a cast Al-10Mg alloy

The microstructure and microhardness of a cast Al-10wt%Mg (henceforth Al-10Mg) alloy with 0.2wt% addition of Al-5Ti-0.25C master alloy were compared with those of a refiner-free alloy of similar chemical composition. It was found that this level of the master alloy addition not only caused an effective grain refinement, but also caused a significant increase in the microhardness of the Al-10Mg alloy. Microchemical analysis revealed that TiC particles existed in the grain center. The relationship between the holding time and grain size was also studied. It shows that the grain refining efficiency is faded observably with the holding time. This is explained in terms of the instability of TiC particles.