加权平方误差测度下的快速矢量量化算法

为降低加权平方误差测度下的矢量量化运算量,针对加权因子固定与不固定2种情况,分别提出了快速搜索算法。加权因子固定时,对等均值最近临搜索算法做了相应改动即可应用;加权因子随输入矢量变化时,提出了一种分裂多级等均值最近临搜索算法,算法提出了3个新的排除准则,在不同的场合下选用部分或者全部,从而有效降低码字搜索运算量。测试结果表明:分裂多级等均值最近临搜索算法能够有效降低加权平方误差测度下矢量量化的运算量,比全搜索算法能够节省约69%的运算量。     

加权平方误差测度下的快速矢量量化算法

为降低加权平方误差测度下的矢量量化运算量,针对加权因子固定与不固定两种情况,分别提出了快速搜索算法。加权因子固定时,对等均值最近临搜索算法做了相应改动即可应用;加权因子随输入矢量变化时,提出了一种分裂多级等均值最近临搜索算法,算法提出了3个新的排除准则,在不同的场合下选用部分或者全部,从而有效降低码字搜索运算量。测试结果表明:分裂多级等均值最近临搜索算法能够有效降低加权平方误差测度下矢量量化的运算量,比全搜索算法能够节省约69%的运算量。     

Hadamard域中结合矢量特征值和子矢量和值的码字快速搜索算法

研究了一种基于Hadamard变换的结合矢量特征值和子矢量和值的快速码字搜索算法.该算法充分利用矢量特征量和子矢量和值在空域和Hadamard域间的联系,建立了一种4步高效排除不等式,再结合部分失真PDS(partial distortion search)排除法,有效地排除了大量不匹配码字.实验结果表明,算法相比于其...     

基于小波变换的矢量量化快速码字搜索算法

针对矢量量化过程中编码的复杂性,提出了一种基于小波变换的自适应快速码字搜索算法.该算法使用欧几里德距离的平方作为量化的失真测度,首先为输入矢量选择合理的初始匹配码字,然后利用多控制点的三角不等式和变换域中矢量的性质去排除不可能匹配的码字,最后通过搜索空间的逐次降低找到与输入矢量最匹配的码矢量.仿真结果表明：在需要很少预先计算量和额外存储量的条件下,文中算法的编码质量和全搜索算法相同,但是其计算量却极大地降低.     

基于子矢量技术的矢量量化码字快速搜索算法

针对矢量量化编码过程中,码书搜索计算量较大的问题,提出一种基于子矢量技术的矢量量化码字快速搜索算法.算法使用小波变换后的系数合理构造矢量,在码字搜索过程中将输入矢量和码字划分为几个互不重合的子矢量,利用各个子矢量的2范数建立码字排除不等式,最终实现快速排除不匹配码字的目的.实验结果表明,该算法比EEENNS(equal-average equal-variance equal-norm nearest neiohbor search)算法在失真计算次数和计算复杂度上分别减少了51%～63%和25%～40%.相比Pan的算法减少了28%～41%的失真计算次数和31%～44%的计算量,而比Chen的算法则减少了8%～22%的失真计算次数和11%～19%的计算量.     

一种矢量量化的快速码字搜索算法

文章提出了一种基于范数和方差相结合的码字快速搜索算法。该算法在搜索前预先计算码书中码字的范数和方差,并按范数的大小对码书中的码字进行排序;搜索时,利用有序的码书和有效的删除准则,大大减小了码字的搜索范围,从而降低了编码时间。     

矢量量化的投影算法

将矩阵的投影引入到矢量量化中, 达到了在搜索最佳匹配码字的过程中首先在降维空间中将一些侯选码字排除,其中利用了最佳匹配码字的和待编码的矢量的均值和方差与MSE 距离之间的关系不等式.^[1]实际结果表明约 98%的侯选码字被排除,只有2%左右的码字需要直接计算其欧氏距离.     

矢量量化的一种快速编码算法

矢量量化的计算量主要在于搜索最近的码字,这也是矢量量化实用化的障碍。作者在该文中提出了一种不增加量化噪声快速编码算人实验结果表明,所提出的快速编码算法相对于穷尽搜索算法只需增加较小存储量,就将使小算时间可大大降低。     

一种改进的等误差竞争学习矢量量化算法

针对等误差竞争学习矢量量化算法的初始码书生成随机性较强和搜索获胜码字计算量较大这2个缺点.提出了一种改进算法.对于初始码书的缺点,改进算法采用一种基于训练矢量的统计特征量的分类平均初始码书生成算法,同时改进算法利用3个不等式来快速排除大量候选码字,从而解决了原算法计算量较大的问题.仿真实验表明,改进算法的计算量比原算法减小了80%,而图像效果即峰值信噪比(PSNR)比原算法平均提升了0.5 dB左右.     

一种改进的等误差自组织特征映射矢量量化算法

为了改善矢量量化的码书性能和提高神经网络的学习效率,在分析等误差自组织特征映射算法(equidistortion self-organizing feature mapping,EDSOFM)的基础上,提出了一种改进算法。改进算法将模糊神经网的隶属度函数引入到竞争学习算法中,有效地提高了学习收敛速度。针对原算法搜索获胜码字时计算量较大的问题,改进算法通过不等式判决的方法,快速排除了大量的不匹配码字。实验结果表明,改进算法使码书设计的计算量得到明显的减少,而且码书的性能得到了提高。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with