肋角度对矩形带肋通道蒸汽流动和换热特性的影响

在带肋单通道蒸汽强化换热试验研究的基础上,采用SSG雷诺应力湍流模型,求解了三维定常雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程,对30°、45°、60°和90°4种带肋通道进行了蒸汽流动的数值计算,同时研究了雷诺数对矩形带肋通道中冷却气体的流动和传热特性的影响,并比较分析了不同肋角度下带肋通道的流动和传热特性。结果表明:斜置肋片能有效提高带肋通道的换热效果,同时也将带来很大的流动阻力;与90°带肋通道相比,60°、45°和30°带肋通道的热力系数分别增加了约29.3%、24.6%和20.9%,就综合热力性能来说,60°带肋通道是最好的结构形式。     

微型燃机一次表面回热器全程通道三维数值模拟

基于层流假设,对微型燃机一次表面回热器 (PSR)波纹状全程通道的换热特性和压力损失进行了三维数值模拟计算,并将模拟结果与经验公式计算结果进行了比较.数值模拟结果表明,一次表面回热器的换热特性和压力损失值与雷诺数及波纹的结构尺寸有关.换热特性随着雷诺数的增加、通道宽高比的减小而逐渐增强,阻力损失则随着雷诺数、通道宽高比的增加而明显增大.当回热器部分流量工作时,回热度升高.     

非对称波纹通道内流动与传热的数值计算

以空气为介质,在雷诺数Re=50~1 100的范围内对非对称的三角形、正弦形和椭圆形波纹通道内稳态层流流动与换热进行数值模拟,分析了恒壁温条件下,Re、波纹板形状对流动与换热特性的影响,并拟合出了各通道内阻力系数f及表面换热特性数Nu随Re变化的关联式,同时对3种波纹通道的综合性能G进行了分析评价。结果表明,椭圆形通道的f最大;Re<500时三角形通道的f最小;在Re>300后椭圆形通道表面的Nu值最大;各通道的综合性能,以Re=900为界,在小Re时以正弦形通道性能最佳,椭圆通道的最差,大Re时椭圆通道的性能最佳。     

空气在三角形波纹通道内湍流流动与换热的数值研究

采用数值模拟的方法,对流动与换热进入周期性充分发展段等壁温边界条件下三角形波纹通道内流体的流动与换热进行二维数值模拟分析,计算考察了雷诺数Re、间距比ε及波纹纵横比γ对流动与换热性能的影响。结果表明:Re数及波纹纵横比γ较小时,不会出现回流;在计算的Re范围内,随着Re的增加,平均努塞尔数Nu呈递增趋势,摩擦阻力系数f呈下降趋势;并拟合出通道不同几何因子下阻力系数f及表面换热特性数Nu随Re变化的关联式。通过对性能参数j/f的分析得出,采用小间距比ε或者小波纹纵横比γ均可以提高换热性能。     

脉动流下贝塞尔曲线型波纹壁通道流动传热特性研究

为探究波纹壁结构和脉动流耦合作用下通道内流动强化换热的时空效应,基于贝塞尔曲线线型多变、灵活、易控制的优势,设计出3种壁面型线的波纹壁通道,并对比分析了3种波纹壁通道在不同流动及脉动参数下的流动换热特性以及设计因素的作用机理。研究结果表明：湍流状态下(雷诺数为5 000、10 000和20 000),迎流面积最小的模型2通道流动阻力最小,同时具有凹陷和凸起结构的模型4通道强化换热效果最佳;随脉动频率(2～20 Hz)的增加,3种模型通道的综合热性能先增再减,而随着脉动振幅(0.1～0.9)的增加,3种模型通道的综合热性能先增加再小幅度减小;在脉动流和壁面结构的共同作用下,热边界层的发展在结构单元尺度范围内被进一步破坏,高温工质区域沿流向间断分布。脉动流下波纹壁通道内流体扰动的时空耦合效应显著提升了通道综合热性能,为解决狭窄通道内部过热问题提供有效的途径。     

两种渐扩渐缩通道内层流传热特性的比较

利用贴体坐标系计算了等壁温工况下水在线型及波纹型渐扩渐缩通道内周期性充分发展的对流换热特性,两种通道进口高度相同,沿流动方向截面积相等,在相同质量流量、相同压力降和相同泵功率等条件下,比较了两种通道的换热特性,计算结果表明,在相同质量流量与相同泵功率条件下,波纹型通道的换热特性优于线型通道,而在相同压力降情况下波纹型通道不如线型通道。     

三角型通道内流动与换热性能的数值研究

利用数值模拟方法,在不同雷诺数下研究了不同放缩比的三角型通道内周期性充分发展的层流流动和换热特性,分析了放缩比和雷诺数对流动与换热的影响.结果表明,当放缩比越小或越大时,流体都容易产生旋涡;随着雷诺数的增大,流体在各种放缩比通道中的阻力系数都是减小的,而换热速率在不同放缩比时随雷诺数的变化是不同的.     

板式换热器流动与传热特性的数值研究

建构了与BR0.015F型人字形波纹板式换热器实际结构、尺寸完全相同的冷热双流道物理模型,采用Fluent软件开展了数值仿真,通过改变该换热器的波纹节高比l/h、波纹倾斜角β和流道内流体流动形态,分析了其流动和传热特性,明晰了板片结构参数的变化对流动和传热特性的影响,最终获得了压降与换热最佳时的结构参数.结果表明:板式换热器的l/h越小时,其换热越好且流阻越小,l/h=2.4时的换热效果最佳且流阻最小;随着β的增大,其换热效果增强,但其流阻亦增大,β=45°时的同功耗换热效果最佳;单边流的流动与传热特性均优于对角流.     

微燃气轮机环型回热器数值模拟及实验研究

基于层流的假设运用计算流体动力学方法对微型燃气轮机环型回热器交错波纹原表面通道两侧流体耦合换热与流动特性进行数值模拟及实验研究.结果表明,数值计算结果和实验结果之间的误差在允许的范围内.在此基础上,通过改变通道结构进一步研究其传热及流动特性,为回热器设计提供参考.     

航空发动机涡轮叶片尾缘楔形通道交错肋冷却实验

为研究涡轮叶片尾缘部分楔形通道交错肋流动传热性能,对其进行实验研究.实验应用瞬态液晶测试技术,对比研究了交错肋上、下主表面的局部传热特性,同时用压力扫描阀测得不同雷诺数下的通道压力损失.研究结果表明：尾缘段转折流动配置下,楔形通道交错肋上、下主表面传热差异显著,下主表面平均努塞尔数比上主表面平均高30%以上,尾缘楔形通道内交错肋结构主表面平均换热系数高出针肋结构约46%;交错肋上、下通道之间的交界面处存在强烈的质量交换作用,上、下主表面间断性的高换热区与上、下通道交界面呈现对应关系;随入口雷诺数的增加,通道压降快速增大.楔形通道交错肋压降是针肋的5～7倍,但其换热面积高出针肋107.4%,仍比针肋冷却增加约66%的综合换热性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~