苏云金杆菌菌体保护剂和增效剂的筛选

生物测定结果表明，Ｂｔ菌液添加苋菜红染料抗紫外线能力最强，蚕蛹粉、苏丹黑染料次之。苋菜红染料的保护作用极显著地强于蚕蛹粉以及苏丹黑。ｗ＝０．０２５％敌百虫对Ｂｔ菌液有明显的增效作用，两者混合后的杀虫率比单剂提高３０％。乙酰甲胺磷对Ｂｔ无增效作用。     

36种杀虫制剂对椰心叶甲的毒力测定

选用36种不同成分的常用化学农药单剂进行椰心叶甲成虫室内毒力筛选.结果表明,啶虫脒、吡虫啉、高效氯氰菊酯、丁硫克百威、阿维菌素、丙溴磷和喹硫磷具有优良的毒杀效果,处理24 h后,每种药剂3种浓度的校正死亡率均达90%以上;异丙威、抗蚜威、灭多威、虫螨腈、虱螨脲、三氯杀螨醇和噻嗪酮药效较差,难以有效控制椰心叶甲的种群数量;乙酰甲胺磷、乐果、啶虫隆、虫酰肼和苏云金杆菌对椰心叶甲没有毒杀作用.     

小菜蛾对定虫隆的抗性选育和增效剂的作用

用定虫隆对小菜蛾进行抗性选育,结果表明:F1~5仍属敏感状态,F6的敏感性已下降,F7~10达到低水平抗性,F11~13达中等水平抗性。从F14开始停止汰选,无毒饲养到F20,具有明显的抗性衰退现象。以对定虫隆具有不同抗性水平的小菜蛾种群测定3种增效剂对定虫隆的增效作用,结果表明:对F0代,TPP对定虫隆是负增效作用或几乎没有增效作用,SV 1和PBO对定虫隆均有一定的增效作用;对F13代和F20代,3种增效剂均有增效作用,但以SV 1和PBO的增效作用更明显,最高增效倍数分别为24.26和13.79;增效剂的比例不同,增效的幅度也不同,质量比为5∶1的混配增效作用比3∶1的更明显,增效倍数随小菜蛾对定虫隆抗性水平的提高而增加。     

蛋清抗氧化肽增效剂的优化

以DPPH(1,1-二苯基-2-苦肼基)清除率为评价指标,考察了NaCl、糖类、柠檬酸单独添加以及两两或三者合用对蛋清抗氧化肽活性的影响,并在此基础上运用响应面分析法,优化出增效剂的最佳组合.结果表明,NaCl、麦芽糖及柠檬酸均能显著提高蛋清抗氧化肽的活性,可作为蛋清抗氧化肽的抗氧化增效剂单剂,三者合用时增效效果最佳,最佳组合为NaCl 1.4%、麦芽糖3.0%、柠檬酸0.24%,在此条件下蛋清抗氧化肽对DPPH的IC50值(DPPH清除率达到50%时蛋清抗氧化肽的质量浓度)为0.27mg/mL,增效比可达3.96.     

氯氰菊酯、锐劲特混配对小菜蛾3龄幼虫的室内联合作用测定

测定了氯氰菊酯和锐劲特及其混配药剂对小菜蛾3龄幼虫的室内胃毒作用。测定的结果为氯氰菊酯对小菜蛾3龄幼虫的LC_(50)是104.40mg/L,锐劲特对小菜蛾3龄幼虫的LC_(50)是7.78mg/L,证实了锐劲特对小菜蛾3龄幼虫的毒力比氯氰菊酯高。氯氰菊酯:锐劲特分别按5:6、2:1、5:1的质量比制成的混剂对小菜蛾3龄幼虫的LC_(50)分别为9.65mg/L、25.14mg/L、23.24mg/L,共毒系数分别为139.17、80.80、145.92,其增效倍数分别为0.40、—0.19、0.46,可见其中两种混配有增效作用,其中氯氰菊酯:锐劲特为5:1的混配效果最好。     

3种杀虫剂单剂及其混配对茴香薄翅野螟幼虫的毒力测定

为了明确3种常用农药及其混配对茴香薄翅野螟幼虫的毒力。采用胃毒法,室内测定3种农药的LC_(50)及3种混配药剂的共毒系数。结果表明:在处理24 h之后,阿维菌素+高效氯氰菊酯(0.31+0.74)mg/L和阿维菌素+毒死蜱(0.31+0.42)mg/L两个配比对茴香薄翅野螟幼虫的毒力均呈现出增效作用,共毒系数分别为302.34和441.73,其中阿维菌素+毒死蜱的配比增效作用最大。高效氯氰菊酯+毒死蜱(0.74+0.42)mg/L配比对茴香薄翅膀野螟的毒力呈现拮抗作用,共毒系数仅为1.19。在处理48 h之后,阿维菌素+高效氯氰菊酯、阿维菌素+毒死蜱和高效氯氰菊酯+毒死蜱3个配比对茴香薄翅野螟幼虫的毒力均呈现出增效作用,共毒系数分别为644.08,155.21和239.58,其中阿维菌素+高效氯氰菊酯配比增效作用最大,说明这两种药剂混配在生产中防治该虫效果较好值得推广。     

基于蛋清抗氧化肽增效因子的优化研究

以DPPH自由基清除率为评价指标,考察了单独添加NaCl、糖类、柠檬酸以及两两或三者合用时对蛋清抗氧化肽活性的影响,并在此基础上运用响应面分析法,优化出增效剂最佳组合。结果表明,NaCl、麦芽糖及柠檬酸均能显著提高蛋清抗氧化肽的活性（P<0.05）,可作为蛋清抗氧化肽的抗氧化增效剂单剂,三者合用时增效效果最佳,最佳组合为1.4%NaCl+3.0%麦芽糖+2.4%柠檬酸,在此条件下蛋清抗氧化肽对DPPH自由基的IC50值为0.27mg/ml,增效比SR可达3.96。     

碱水解-分光光度法快速检测有机磷农药的研究

建立快速检测蔬菜中3种有机磷农药的碱水解-分光光度法,优化了实验条件,并对建立的方法进行了评价.结果表明,3种农药标准曲线的线性范围分别为：乙酰甲胺磷0.570-20 mg/kg,氧化乐果0.285-20 mg/kg,乐果0.344-20 mg/kg; 线性相关系数分别为：乙酰甲胺磷0.9953,氧化乐果0.9922,乐果0.9961; 检出限分别为：乙酰甲胺磷0.359 mg/kg,氧化乐果0.420 mg/kg,乐果0.386 mg/kg.以样品测定结果计算方法的精密度,其相对标准偏差分别为：乙酰甲胺磷3.5%,氧化乐果3.46%,乐果4.62%.采用加标回收率评价方法的准确度,加标回收率为74.0%-95.0%.     

杀虫剂二元复配剂最佳配比的筛选

仅采用共毒系数法对复配剂的最佳配比进行筛选,可能造成真正最佳配比的漏筛.以柑桔潜叶蛾(Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton)幼虫和稻纵卷叶螟(Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée)3龄幼虫为试虫,分别测定40%毒死蜱EC、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯EC、1%氟虫腈EC、20%三唑磷EC单剂和50.25%毒死蜱·高效氯氰菊酯EC和31%氟虫腈·三唑磷复配剂的毒力,并计算共毒系数Y.将高效氯氰菊酯和氟虫腈在复配剂有效成分中的质量分数k进行反正弦转换(X=arcsin(k)1/2),通过SPSS软件拟合得k反正弦转换值与共毒系数的数学模型依次为Y1=109.884 1.743X1-0.012X21,Y2=195.804 4.153X2-0.044X22.对上述的2个方程进行求导可得Y'1=1.743-0.024X1和Y'2=4.153-0.088X2.令Y'=0,则有X1=72.250和X2=47.193,将X1=72.250和X2=47.193代入原方程,求得最大CTC分别为172.525和293.801.将X1=72.250和X2=47.193代入X=arcsin(K)1/2中可以求得高效氯氰菊酯在毒·高氯复配剂有效成分中的质量分数K值为0.907,氟虫腈在氟·三复配剂有效成分中的质量分数K为0.538.将K值转换为两单剂的配比可得毒死蜱∶高效氯氰菊酯最佳配比大约为10∶1,氟虫腈三唑磷最佳配比大约为1.2∶1.     

二化螟对3种杀虫剂的抗性测定[1]及增效作用研究

采用4龄幼虫点滴法测定了江苏省不同地区二化螟种群对杀虫 单、甲胺磷和三唑磷的抗性水平,并以浙江慈溪种群为对象,进行了活体增效和药剂混配增 效作用研究.结果表明1)江苏常熟二化螟种群对杀虫单已达极高抗水平(抗性倍数126.0), 高淳种群为高抗水平(抗性倍数68.40),其它地区也表现为中等抗性.2)吴县、常熟、兴化和 高淳4个种群对甲胺磷表现为中等抗性,其它种群抗性较低.3)高淳和宿豫种群对三唑磷为中 等抗性,其它种群为敏感群体.4)活体增效测定表明,磷酸三苯酯(TPP)和氧化胡椒基丁醚(P BO)对二化螟有较明显的增效作用,顺丁烯二酸二乙酯(DEM)的增效作用不明显.5)敌百虫和 三唑磷(5∶1)、敌百虫和丙溴磷(4∶1)、杀虫单和阿维菌素(40∶1、80∶1)按质量比进行混 配时,增效倍数分别为427、206、1?028和210,表现出明显的增效作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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