Cu-Cr-Zr-Ag合金高温流变行为及织构演化研究

采用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机对Cu-Cr-Zr-Ag合金进行热压缩试验,研究了Cu-Cr-Zr-Ag合金在不同应变速率和变形温度的流变应力行为、微观组织演变和动态再结晶机制,利用光学显微镜(OM)研究了Cu-Cr-Zr-Ag合金的压缩速率、形变温度对合金微观织构的影响.结果表明:在压缩速率为0.001~10 s^-1的区间内,Cu-Cr-Zr-Ag合金存在近稳态流变特征,即流变应力随温升及压缩速率的降低而变小.形变温度越高,越能促使再结晶形核,压缩速率越低,越利于动态再结晶充分发生.     

Cu-0.1Ag合金热变形行为研究及其本构方程

应用Gleeble-1500D热力模拟试验机,采用等温压缩试验的方法,研究了Cu-0.1Ag合金在热压缩变形中的流变应力行为,分析了不同变形温度、变形速率对Cu-0.1Ag合金热变形行为的影响.结果表明,变形温度越高,应变速率越小,合金越容易发生动态再结晶,Cu-0.1Ag合金越容易发生热变形.同时,综合采用Arrhenius型方程和Jonas双曲线函数模型描述了Cu-0.1Ag合金的本构关系.通过对试验数据进行线性回归分析,确定了结构因子A、应力水平参数α、形变激活能Q以及应力指数n,最终得出Cu-0.1Ag合金热变形过程中应力与应变速率的本构方程.     

Cu-Ni-Si-Cr合金动态再结晶行为及组织演变研究

利用Gleeble 1500D热模拟试验机,研究了Cu Ni Si Cr合金在不同应变速率和不同变形温度下流变应力与应变速率、变形温度之间的关系及其组织在热压缩过程中的变化.结果表明,应变速率和变形温度的变化对合金的再结晶影响较大,变形温度越高,合金越容易发生动态再结晶,应变速率越小,合金也越容易发生动态再结晶;在同一应变速率下合金动态再结晶的显微组织受到变形温度的强烈影响;并利用Arrhenius双曲正弦函数求得Cu Ni Si Cr热变形激活能Q为265.9 kJ/mol.     

真空热压烧结CuW30复合材料的热压缩变形特性

采用真空热压烧结法制备了CuW30复合材料,在Gleeble-1500D热模拟机上对该材料进行等温热压缩模拟试验.研究了温度为650~950 ℃、应变速率为0.01~5 s^-1、最大变形量为50%条件下的流变应力行为.结果表明：CuW30复合材料存在明显的动态再结晶特征.材料的稳态流变应力随应变速率的增大而增大,在恒应变速率条件下,合金的真应力水平随温度的升高而降低.热变形过程的流变应力可用双曲正弦本构关系来描述.在给定的变形条件下,计算的热变形激活能为231.150 kJ/mol.根据试验分析,合金的热加工宜在850~950 ℃范围内进行,应变速率为0.01~0.1 s^-1.     

Cu-Cr-Zr-Ce合金高温流变应力的研究

利用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机对Cu-Cr-Zr-Ce合金在变形温度为600~800 ℃、应变速率为0.01~5 s^-1条件下进行了热压缩试验,测定了其应力-应变曲线,并通过光学显微镜观察了其热压缩过程中的微观组织.结合两者分析了动态回复和再结晶机制.结果表明,动态再结晶是该合金软化的主要机制.     

AZ61镁合金热压缩流变应力的实验

采用Gleeble-1500型热模拟机,对AZ61镁合金进行高温压缩实验,分析该合金在不同变形温度与应变速率条件下的压缩流变应力.研究AZ61镁合金在热变形时,流变应力与变形温度、应变速率之间的关系,并建立相应的流变应力模型.结果表明,AZ61镁合金在高温压缩变形时,当变形温度一定时,流变应力随应变速率的增大而增大;而当应变速率一定时,流变应力随变形温度的升高而降低.AZ61镁合金的热变形过程均表现出较明显的动态再结晶特征,其流变应力的变化规律主要受加工硬化和再结晶软化两者机制的共同作用.在热变形下,AZ61镁合金峰值流变应力可以用双曲正弦模型来进行较好的描述.     

含Sc的Al-Cu-Li合金热压缩变形的流变应力行为和显微组织

采用Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机,在变形温度为380℃~500℃和应变速率为0.001~10 s-1的条件下对含钪铝锂合金的热变形行为进行了研究。结果表明:含钪铝锂合金流变应力随变形温度升高和应变速率的降低而减小。以实验为基础,利用作图法和线性回归方法求解得出各参数数值和流变峰值应力方程,利用该方程预测流变应力值与实验结果吻合较好;该合金在高温压缩变形中,在变形温度大于470℃和应变速率小于0.1 s-1时,合金发生了动态再结晶,且温度越高、应变速率越低,该合金越易发生动态再结晶。在380℃~470℃,0.1~10 s-1条件下,对该合金进行热变形加工较为适宜。     

Al-Mg-Sc合金热压缩变形的流变应力行为

采用热模拟试验对1种Al-Mg-Sc合金进行等温热压缩实验,研究该合金在变形温度为300～450℃,应变速率0.001～1 s-1条件下的热压缩变形流变应力行为.结果表明:该Al-Mg-Sc合金在变形温度为300℃,应变速率0.01～1 s-1的条件下,流变应力开始随应变增加而增大,达到峰值后趋于平稳,表现出动态回复特征;而在其他条件下,应力达到峰值后随应变的增加而逐渐下降,表现出动态再结晶特征.应变速率和流变应力之间满足指数关系,温度和流变应力之间满足Arrhenius关系,通过线性回归分析计算出该材料的应变硬化指数n以及变形激活能Q,获得该铝合金高温条件下的流变应力本构方程.     

一种低碳微合金管线钢的热变形行为

采用MMS-200热力模拟实验机进行高温压缩试验,研究一种低碳微合金管线钢在应变速率为0.1,1.0和5.0s-1,变形温度为800～1150℃条件下的热变形行为及流变应力特征,利用透射电镜和光学显微镜观察高温压缩变形后的组织,采用Zener-Hollomon参数的双曲正弦函数来描述实验钢的热变形流变应力行为。研究结果表明:流变应力随着变形温度的升高而降低,随着变形速率的提高而增大;实验钢在高温压缩过程中存在动态回复和动态再结晶2种软化机制,在较高变形温度和较低应变速率条件下,才发生动态再结晶;在获得的流变应力解析式中,结构因子A、应力水平参数α和应力指数n分别为2.6×1018s-1,0.012MPa-1和5.73,热变形激活能为518.73kJ/mol。     

弥散铜复合材料的性能分析与动态再结晶研究

采用真空热压烧结的方法制备了复合材料Cu-Al₂O₃,并在GLeeble-1500D热模拟机上对其进行高温压缩试验,研究了在变形温度为650~950℃,变形速率为0.01~5 s^-1,最大真应变为0.7条件下的流变应力行为.结果表明：纳米级的弥散粒子和间距能在变形时作为位错源增加基体的位错密度,对位错和晶界运动起到阻碍作用,从而提高其综合力学性能.在试验变形条件下,复合材料Cu-Al₂O₃均表现出典型的动态再结晶特征,即随着峰值应力逐渐减小,在晶界交叉处出现再结晶晶粒,并逐渐增多,复合材料高温变形的主要软化机制为动态再结晶.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.