聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/蒙脱土复合材料纳米化影响因素

分别用4种蒙脱土(原土MMT、OMMT1、OMMT2、OMMT3)与甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)进行乳液插层复合.经X射线衍射(XRD)、傅立叶红外(FTIR)以及透射电镜(TEM)分析表明,3种有机蒙脱土(OMMT1、OM-MT2、OMMT3)都能够与MMA成功插层复合,制备出PMMA/MMT纳米复合材料.重点研究蒙脱土种类、蒙脱土质量分数、反应温度、反应体系引发剂的质量分数以及聚合时间等因素对PMMA/MMT复合材料纳米化程度的影响.结果表明,在86℃、体系引发剂为1.2 g且反应时间为8 h的合成条件下,MMA与OMMT2(OMM2与MMA质量比小于7∶93)能达到良好的复合效果,可以获得剥离型PMMA/MMT纳米复合材料.     

蒙脱土/海藻酸钠接枝丙烯酸的吸液性能研究

以海藻酸钠、丙烯酸和蒙脱土为主要原料,采用插层聚合法制备了蒙脱土/海藻酸钠接枝丙烯酸复合高吸水性树脂。研究了交联剂用量、引发剂用量、海藻酸钠用量、有机蒙脱土掺入量、丙烯酸中和度等因素对吸液倍率的影响。最佳条件下,复合高吸水性树脂产品MMT/SA-g-PAA对去离子水和0.9%NaCl溶液的吸液倍率分别为865和86g/g。     

阴离子开环原位聚合法制备尼龙6/蒙脱土混杂复合材料

研究了己内酰胺在氢氧化钠催化剂和异氰酸酯助催化剂的存在下,采用季铵盐改性的蒙脱土由阴离子开环原位聚合法制备尼龙6/蒙脱土混杂复合材料的工艺,并讨论了各种反应条件的影响。XRD测试结果表明,混杂材料中改性蒙脱土的晶层间距进一步扩大,而未改性蒙脱土熔融反应产物中蒙脱土晶层几乎没有变化,说明混杂材料中单体已嵌入蒙脱土层间形成聚合物,并达到纳米水平的分散。混杂材料的TEM观察也支持这个结论。粘度测定结果指出,随改性蒙脱土含量增加,混杂材料分子量略有下降,但仍然具有4.0以上的高相对粘度。     

阳离子聚合物在粘土表面吸附与解吸附性质研究

通过对有机阳离子聚合物测定方法的研究，得出了一种测定溶液中微量或痕量有机阳离子聚合物的有效方法：淀粉—碘化镉显色法，并以此方法为基础，仔细研究了阳离子聚合物在蒙脱土表面上的吸附与解吸附性能和阳离子聚合物的分子量、阳离子化度对其吸附性能的影响以及阳离子聚合物在蒙脱土表面的。附量对其解吸附性能的影响，得出：①有机阳离子聚合物在蒙脱土表面的吸附等温线与Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ型吸附等温线的形状相似，且阳离子聚合物的分子量越大，其饱和吸附量越大，阳离子化度越高，其饱和吸附量越小；②阳离子聚合物在蒙脱土表面的吸附量越大，其解吸附速度越大；③阳离子聚合物自蒙脱土表面解吸附时，初始解吸附速度较大，随后解吸附速度逐渐降低．这些结论为进一步研制、开发新型有机阳离子聚合特粘土稳定剂提供了依据．     

丙烯酸甲酯一醋酸乙烯酯的阳离子乳液共聚物-蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备

研究了丙烯酸甲酯（MA）、醋酸乙烯酯（VAC）在阳离子乳化剂十六烷基三甲基溴化胺（CTAB）的存在下于水中的乳液共聚反应以及反应条件对胶乳稳定性和胶膜力学性能的影响。在此基础上制备了蒙脱土与带正电荷共聚物胶乳共混物（纳米复合材料）。发现蒙脱土对胶膜有较强的增强作用,对共混物的X射线衍射表明共聚物插层于蒙脱土层间。     

丙烯酸甲酯-醋酸乙烯酯的阳离子乳液 共聚物-蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备

研究了丙烯酸甲酯(MA)、醋酸乙烯酯(VAC)在阳离子乳化剂十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTAB)的存在下于水中的乳液共聚反应以及反应条件对胶乳稳定性和胶膜力学性能的影响。在此基础上制备了蒙脱土与带正电荷共聚物胶乳共混物(纳米复合材料)。发现蒙脱土对胶膜有较强的增强作用,对共混物的X射线衍射表明共聚物插层于蒙脱土层间。     

光聚合和热聚合蒙脱土插层纳米复合材料的制备

利用光引发聚合和热引发聚合研究了单体(MMA)和蒙脱土(Mot)插层复合材料(PMMA/Mot)的制备.用X衍射技术对两种产物内蒙脱土的结构进行了表征.结果表明,蒙脱土经改性后能很好地使聚合单体插入蒙脱土层内并在光或热的作用下发生原位聚合反应生成复合材料.利用DSC、SEM研究了产物的结构和形态,并对两种聚合方法制备蒙脱土纳米复合材料的特点进行了初步讨论.     

聚含氟丙烯酸酯/蒙脱土复合乳液的制备及性能研究

以丙烯酸六氟丁酯(HFBM)为功能性单体,蒙脱土为改性剂,采用间歇式乳液聚合法合成了聚含氟丙烯酸酯/蒙脱土复合乳液,用红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重分析(TG)和X-射线衍射(XRD)对其结构进行了表征,并研究了复合乳化剂的配比、引发剂用量、含氟单体用量和蒙脱土含量对乳液聚合反应的影响,同时探讨含氟单体含量和有机蒙脱土含...     

聚含氟丙烯酸酯/蒙脱土复合乳液的制备及性能研究

以丙烯酸六氟丁酯(HFBM)为功能性单体,蒙脱土为改性剂,采用间歇式乳液聚合法合成了聚含氟丙烯酸酯/蒙脱土复合乳液,用红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重分析(TG)和X-射线衍射(XRD)对其结构进行了表征,并研究了复合乳化剂的配比、引发剂用量、含氟单体用量和蒙脱土含量对乳液聚合反应的影响,同时探讨含氟单体含量和有机蒙脱土含量对力学性能的影响.结果表明,季铵盐通过离子交换作用进入到蒙脱土层间,层间距由1.6 nm增加至2.2 nm;当m(十二烷基硫酸钠):m(曲拉通X-100)=3:2,引发剂用量为1wt%,含氟单体为9wt%时,具有较大的单体转化率(90.42%)和较小的凝胶率(0.72%);HFBM含量为9wt%,有机蒙脱土为2wt%时,乳胶膜有较大的拉伸强度为12.33 MPa.     

EA/MMT纳米复合材料的制备及其光固化动力学研究

通过4 - 溴甲基二苯甲酮与二甲基正十八胺反应合成的季铵盐光引发剂苯甲酰苄基二甲氨基十八烷基溴化铵(BDOB),进行插层修饰蒙脱土(MMT),通过层间引发聚合法光固化制备环氧丙烯酸酯/蒙脱土(EA/MMT)纳米复合材料;利用红外光谱法对EA/MMT的光固化行为进行了研究.XRD和TEM分析结果表明,MMT在光固化复合材料中已得到插层和部分剥离;增加光引发剂浓度及提高环境温度均可提高其固化速率和双键最终转化率,氧气的存在使体系的诱导期延长,双键转化率降低;光固化反应总级数约为6～7,表观活化能为9.8 kJ/mol.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that