本征超导辐射探测器的研究

报道了本征超导辐射探测器的实验过程及结果分析，探测器是利用超导的临界电流与温度的关系来工作的，而且完全工作在超导本征态，高温超导薄膜为采用准分子激光消融法制备的ＹＢＣＯ外延超导薄膜。采用离子束地刻蚀进行器件的图形制备，在８￣１４μｍ红外波段进行了探测器的光响应测试，调制频率为１０Ｈｚ时，探测器的等效噪声功率（ＮＥＰ）为１．８×１０＾－１２Ｗ·Ｈｚ＾－１／２；归一化探测度为２．５×１０＾９ｃｍ·Ｈｚ     

8元线列高温超导薄膜红外探测器的实验研究

对８元线列高温超导薄膜红外探测器进行了实验研究。高温超薄膜为采用电子束蒸发并后退火的方法制备的粒状ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－δ超导薄膜，器件的图形制备采用湿法刻蚀。探测器的光响应测试是在８－１４μｍ的远红外区。探测器单元为２０μｍ×１００μｍ的微桥。     

BaTiO_3与PVDF热释电复合膜的研究

采用在成膜过程中加直流电场和不加电场两种方法制备了ＢａＴｉＯ３＋ＰＶＤＦＩ合薄膜，在１０ｋＶ／ｃｍ电场下制备的复合膜热探测优值ｐ／ε达到１．５×１０－７Ｃ／ｍ２·Ｋ，而无电场制备的复合膜只有１．２×１０－８Ｃ／ｍ２·Ｋ．实验表明在成膜过程中施加强直流电场，可以使铁电颗粒的ｃ轴转向，平行子电场的方向．ＢａＴｉＯ３颗粒的择优取向使复合膜易于极化，从而提高了复合膜的热释电性，并改善了老化性能．     

溴离子在铂电极上的电化学反应

用电位扫描和环盘电极等方法研究酸性介质中溴离子在铂电极上的多步氧化反应行为，证实在１．１Ｖ电位处发生的反应是：Ｂｒ－－ｅＢｒａｄ，（１）Ｂｒａｄ＋ＢｒａｄＢｒ２（ａｑ）．（２）在电位１．５Ｖ处发生的反应是：Ｂｒ２（ａｑ）Ｂｒａｄ＋Ｂｒａｄ，（２′）Ｂｒａｄ＋Ｈ２Ｏ－ｅ＝ＨＯＢｒ＋Ｈ＋．（３）其中反应（１）具有典型的可逆性．实验测得Ｂｒ－离子的扩散系数为１．８×１０－５ｃｍ２·ｓ－１，反应（１）的标准速率常数为２．０×１０－３ｃｍ·ｓ－１．     

高Tc超导薄膜红外（光）探测器的研究

系统地报道了近年来关于高Ｔｃ超导薄膜红外（光）探测器的研究成果，先后进行了单元分立器件、２×２、２×４集成式阵列器件以及约瑟夫逊结型红外（光）探测器的研究。器件经过１０多次的液氮温度至室温的冷热循环，并在室温下保存两年以上，所得测量结果基本不变。采用具有约瑟夫逊效应的高Ｔｃ超导双晶晶界结的光探测器具有量子效应，其响应速度快于６．３５×１０－７ｓ。     

杂多酸荷移跃迁盐系列研究（Ⅰ）—Keggin结构杂多酸的荷移跃迁盐的合成和表征

利用电解结晶法合成了Ｋｅｇｇｉｎ结构杂多酸荷移跃迁盐（ＢＥＤＴ－ＴＴＦ）８［ＰＭｏ３ＮｂＷ８Ｏ４０］．Ｘ－射线衍射测定为单斜晶系．晶胞参数ａ＝１４．２０（０）×１０（－８）ｃｍ；ｂ＝４３．３９（０）×１０（－８）ｃｍ；ｃ＝１３．５５（６）×１０（－８）ｃｍ；β＝９１°；Ｖ＝８．３５３×１０（－２１）ｃｍ３．该化合物具半导体性质。σｒ．ｔ＝３．７×１０（－２）Ｓｃｍ（－１）．ＥＡ＝１６０ｍｅＶ．变温磁化率测定表明其为Ｓｐｉｎ－Ｐｅｉｅｒｌｓ体系．     

锇—钼酸盐—碱性染料显色反应的研究

在聚乙烯醇存在下，锇与钼酸铵和碱性染料罗丹明Ｂ，丁基罗丹明Ｂ，耐尔蓝形成离子缔合物，不同碱性染料所形成的缔合物服从比耳定律的浓度范围和摩尔吸光系分别是：０－１．２μｇ／２５ｍｌ和ε５７０ｎｍ＝２．６２×１０＾６Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－１ｃｍ＾－１；０－１．０μｇ／２５ｍｌ和ε５７０ｎｍ＝２．８６×１０＾６Ｌ．ｃｍ＾－１；０－１．８μｇ／２５ｍｌ和ε５８５ｎｍ＝２．８１×１０＾６Ｌ．ｃｍ＾－１；０－１．８μｇ     

用阳离子置换法制备汞系高温超导薄膜

介绍了最近发明的一种制备汞系高温超导薄膜的新方法—阳离子置换法．采用Ｔ１ 系外延超导薄膜作为先驱薄膜,将Ｔ１ 系超导薄膜在Ｈｇ 气氛下进行热处理,用Ｈｇ 置换先驱薄膜中的Ｔ１,进而生成Ｈｇ 系外延超导薄膜．用此方法,成功地在ＬａＡｌＯ３ （００１）衬底上制做出了高质量的ＨｇＢａ２ＣａＣｕ２Ｏｘ 超导薄膜．Ｘ－光衍射θ－２θ扫描和极图测试表明,薄膜具有很纯的超导相和很好的外延结构．超导临界温度可达１２２Ｋ．在７７Ｋ温度下,临界电流密度达到３．４×１０６ Ａ／ｃｍ ２,在１１０Ｋ 温度下,临界电流密度仍可保持在０．７×１０６Ａ／ｃｍ ２ ．     

α—呋喃丙烯酸的合成及其紫外和^1H NMR谱学特征

通过糠醛与乙酐的Ｐｅｒｋｉｎ反应一步合成α－呋喃丙烯酸．其紫外吸收特征是：λｍａｘ（ＥｔＯＨ）：２９７ｎｍ；摩尔消光系数ε：２．５×１０４Ｌ／ｍｏｌ·ｃｍ；Ｓａｎｄｅｌ灵敏度Ｓ：５．５×１０－３μｇ／ｃｍ２；可有效吸收ＵＶ—Ｂ区域（２８０～３２０ｎｍ）的紫外光．１ＨＮＭＲ和ＩＲ测试结果表明：双键为反式构型，Ｊｖｉｃ＝１５．８Ｈｚ；δＣ—Ｈ（面外）９７３ｃｍ－１，两个双键氢原子构成ＡＢ二旋系统，呋喃环中三个氢原子构成ＡＭＸ三旋系统．     

电子和质子辐照Tc氧化物高温超导体的不同特性

用２００ＫｅＶ质子，４００ＫｅＶ和８ＭｅＶ电子分别辐照ＹＢａＣｕＯ高Ｔｃ超导材料，其影响是不同的．质子注入使零电阻温度从８６．７Ｋ提高到８９．８Ｋ，而剂量为２．２５×１０１４电子／ｃｍ２的８ＭｅＶ的电子辐照却使超导体的零电阴温度下降３Ｋ左右．当电子辐照剂量为１．３５×１０１５ｅ／ｃｍ２时，超导体变成绝缘体．用高分解电镜对４００ｋｅＶ的电子辐照分况进行实地在线研究，发现当剂量到１．０×１０２６ｅ－／ｃｍ２时，氧化物超导体中的品相出现非品化，而其原来为非品区域处处出现有序化．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that