基于OpenCV的挖掘机器人摄像机参数标定

为了建立挖掘机器人视觉系统摄像机测量模型,提高视觉测量精度,分析了挖掘机器人摄像机视觉系统内、外参数成像模型及摄像机非线性畸变参数,确定了适合挖掘机器人视觉系统的标定参数。通过采集自制的棋盘标定模板不同方向的七幅图像,基于OpenCV技术实现了对模板角点的提取。通过七幅图像进行标定实验,实验结果获得了摄像机模型的线性内部参数矩阵,标定出了摄像机非线性模型的径向畸变系数,摄像机外部旋转矩阵及平移向量,并给出了标定参数误差。研究结论表明采用角点提取方法,标定误差可达亚像素级,能够满足挖掘机器人视觉系统的标定及视觉测量精度要求。     

基于移动机器人两步法的摄像机标定

利用透镜成像理论建立摄像机数学模型,提出一种全面考虑镜头的径向畸变和切向畸变的简单、快速的摄像机参数标定和修正方法,利用图像中心附近点畸变量较小的性质,对摄像机内、外参数进行标定.实践证明,该方法能快速、方便地对摄像机系统进行标定和相差修正,具有良好的精度和稳定性.     

基于分块的摄像机内外参数标定方法

针对平面图像测量中平面相对于摄像机的外参数标定误差较大而测量精度较差的问题,提出一种基于分块的摄像机内外参数标定方法.将图像平面划分成多个子空间,在每个子空间上分别进行被测平面外参数和摄像机畸变系数的标定.在对系统非线性畸变分析的基础上,提出子空间划分标定与合并方法,并给出用分块方法描述的平面外参数表达式.对平面上卡尺的测量实验结果表明,采用分块的畸变内参数和平面外参数标定方法能取得较高的图像测量精度.     

一种逐步求解的新的摄像机线性标定方法

在立体视觉的激光扫描测量系统中，物体的空间坐标与计算机图像坐标之间存在着复杂的非线性映射关系，如果采用完全理想条件来标定系统，一般实验条件下难以获得稳定的解。通过建立基于一阶径向畸变的摄像机数学模型，用线性方程组描述了三维空间坐标点与计算机图像坐标点的关系，并提出“两步法”对摄像机模型中外部参数和内部参数进行逐步求解，完成了摄像机线性标定，从而彻底改变了传统的摄像机标定依赖于非线性优化方法。实验证明，这种标定新技术较以往算法更为快速、简便、实用。     

基于局部单应性矩阵的结构光系统标定研究

在基于结构光测量系统中,投影仪标定对物体的三维测量精度有着直接的影响。通过投影仪投射多幅正交格雷码至棋盘格标定板表面,利用未标定摄像机获得受棋盘格标定板调制的变形格雷码条纹图像,通过局部单应性矩阵方法获得棋盘格标定板各角点所对应的投影仪图像坐标。根据摄像机图像坐标、投影仪图像坐标与棋盘格标定板角点对结构光测量系统进行标定,获得摄像机与投影仪的内参数矩阵以及投影仪图像坐标系在摄像机图像坐标系的位姿矩阵。最后对结构光测量系统进行了标定实验;并使用Samuel Audet标定工具箱、Douglas Lanman标定工具箱与提及的标定方法进行标定误差对比。实验结果表明该方法操作简便,精度高,能较好地标定结构光测量系统参数。     

基于视觉测量障碍位置的车载摄像机标定

障碍位置的视觉测量是车辆辅助驾驶系统研究的一个重要领域,而视觉测量的关键是对车载摄像机的标定。通过比较分析视觉测量中摄像机光轴中心线与景物面之间的几何关系,针对车载摄像机提出了以标定点在图像上均匀分布成网格状进行标定,利用网格插值建立图像坐标和实际坐标之间的映射关系,即车载摄像机的标定模型。经验证该模型简单、精度高,能够有效地测量出障碍的位置信息,适用于车载摄像机的标定。     

视觉测量中的一种线性摄像机标定方法

视觉测量中成像模型的求解速度和效率是下,利用预先标定好的图像尺度因子,采用一幅图像对摄像机的外部参数、有效焦距、径向畸变进行标定,标定过程中,每一步均用线性方程组求解.该方法求解过程快速,结果准确,适合视觉测量中对摄像机的不定期标定.     

一种基于OpenCV的摄像机标定方法

针对双目立体视觉系统研制过程中的摄像机标定步骤,分析了计算机视觉函数库OpenCV中的摄像机模型,其中的非线性畸变考虑到了切向畸变和径向畸变,采用Bouguet角点提取算法,实现了基于OpenCV的摄像机标定.该算法具有很高的标定精度和计算效率、良好的跨平台移植性,可以满足双目立体视觉系统的需要.     

一种考虑透镜畸变的高效摄像机标定方法

本文研究了基于几何图像信息渲染的摄像机标定技术，以针孔摄像机模型为基础，综合考虑了摄像机的透镜径向畸变效应和切向畸变效应，将摄像机的内外参数、有效焦距、畸变系数、不确定因子统一于参数求解的线性方程组中，并借助于开放计算机视觉函数库OpenCV，实现了一种基于“两步法”摄像机标定的改进算法。通过实验分析和比较了利用角点检测获得的图像坐标和利用本文中的摄像机标定算法得到的图像坐标，结果证明本文中的标定算法实现简单，精度高，稳定性好。     

基于OpenCV的视觉测量技术中摄像机标定方法

以视觉测量系统中的摄像机标定为研究对象,分析了开源计算机视觉库OpenCV中的摄像机模型,并考虑了镜头的畸变及求解方法,得出基于OpenCV的摄像机标定方法.该方法利用了OpenCV的函数库,简化了标定求解过程,提高了标定速率,并具有良好的移植性,适合于其他视觉测量系统.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to