The terminal transformation of immune complement; comparison of human and guinea-pig C′3

Zusammenfassung Mit Meerschweinchen-Komplement sensibilisierte Schaferythrocyten (EAC1,4,2) wurden einerseits mit Meerschweinchen-, andererseits mit menschlichem C3 in Intermediärform (E^*) gebracht. Sie wurden im ersten Fall rascher lysiert, als im zweiten Fall. Es wird vermutet, dass hauptsächlich die EAC1,4,2 + C3-Reaktion für die unterschiedliche Wirkung von Meerschweinchen- und menschlichem Komplement in der Terminalphase der Hämolyse verantwortlich ist.     

The histamine content of guinea pig mast cells

Zusammenfassung Von der Voraussetzung ausgehend, dass alles Histamin in den Mastzellen lokalisiert ist, wurde berechnet, dass jede Mastzelle in Aorta, Trachea, Uterus und Jejunum des Meerschweinchens 25–34 µµg Histamin-Base enthält. Die anaphylaktische Freisetzung des Histamins war proportional der Verminderung des Mastzellengehaltes und wurde zu 12–17 µµg/Mastzelle berechnet. Jejunum gab keine anaphylaktische Reaktion.     

The effect of aggregated γ-globulins on immune cytolysis: the role of complement

Zusammenfassung In einem aus Peritonealmastzellen, Antikörper und hitzelabilen Serumfaktoren bestehendenin vitro-System wird die Immunreaktion in Gegenwart von aggregiertem Human--Globulin gehemmt; aggregiertes bovines -Globulin hat dagegen keine derartige Wirkung.

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Supported by the Schweizerische Nationalfonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung.     

The effect of ascorbic acid on cadmium accumulation in guinea pig tissues

Accumulation of cadmium in organs of guinea pigs after subchronic oral cadmium treatment (1 mg Cd/animal/24 h) was in the following order: kidneys > liver > heart > testes > brain. The preventive effects of high doses of ascorbic acid (AA) against cadmium deposition were more pronounced in the testes, heart and brain, and in the kidney only after short-term cadmium treatment. Ascorbic acid had no protective effect on cadmium accumulation in the liver.     

The correlation between anion-induced mitochondrial swelling and glutaminase I activity of guinea pig liver

Zusammenfassung Die dargelegten Versuche beweisen, dass die durch Anionen (Phosphat und Arsenat) herbeigeführte Anschwellung von Mitochondrien der Meerschweinchenleber eine Vorbedingung ist für die Glutaminase I-Aktivierung. Pyrophosphat, das die Schwellung hemmt, und Sulfat, das sie nicht beeinflusst, aktiviert das Enzym erst nach vorheriger Anschwellung der Mitochondrien.     

Specific binding of 3H-progesterone to a plasma protein in the guinea pig fetus]

The presence of a protein that binds specifically and with high affinity to progesterone is found in the plasma of fetal guinea Pig. Progesterone and 5 alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone strongly compete for the 3H-progesterone-protein complex. 5 beta-dihydroxy progesterone, 20 beta-dihydroxyprogesterone, testosterone and synthetic progestagen, R-5020 (17,21-dimethyl-19-norpregna-4, 9-diene-3,20 dione), also compete but less intensely. 17-hydroxyprogesterone, aldosterone, cortisol, oestradiol and oestrone have no effect. The 3H-progesterone-protein, complex has an affinity of Kd = 8.8 +/- 3.5 x 10(-10) M and in sucrose density gradient the sedimentation coefficient is 4.6 S.     

Characterization of the third component of pig complement and its utilization in a C3b receptor study

Summary The third component of the pig complement system (C3) was isolated in hemolytically active form and characterized. The C3 component is a -globulin with the molecular weight of 191,000 and is composed of 2 non-identical polypeptide chains of M_t 112,000 and 74,000. The isolated C3 can be used for the detection of the C3b receptor on the membranes of heterologous peritoneal macrophages.     

Modification of human adenovirus type 7 after culture in guinea pig brain cells in vitro]

Multiplication of human adenovirus 7 (Ad7) is restricted in subcultures of adult Guinea Pig brain cells. It was however possible to recover enough infectious virus to purify it, and to study its properties. Several properties are similar to that of Ad 7 produced in HeLa cells but differences in sensitivity to cesium chloride and in its polypeptide composition were found.     

The transport of various immune globulins by the new-born pig intestine

Resumen El intestino delgado del cerdo recién nacido, usado in vitro, transporta immunoglobulina G (IgG) de bovino más rápido que IgG de porcino. El transporte intestinal tanto de sodio como de fluido aumenta en presencia de IgG de bovino. Preparaciones de IgG de ovino, equino y humano son transportadas a igual velocidad que IgG de porcino. Estas proteínas no estimulan la transferencia de sodio o fluido. Esta diferencia en la velocidad de transporte entre IgG de bovino y porcino pone en duda la opinion general que sostiene que la absorción de proteína en el intestino de cerdo es enteramente no selectiva.     

The effect of ascorbic acid on cadmium accumulation in guinea pig tissues.

Accumulation of cadmium in organs of guinea pigs after subchronic oral cadmium treatment (1 mg Cd/animal/24 h) was in the following order: kidneys > liver > heart > testes > brain. The preventive effects of high doses of ascorbic acid (AA) against cadmium deposition were more pronounced in the testes, heart and brain, and in the kidney only after short-term cadmium treatment. Ascorbic acid had no protective effect on cadmium accumulation in the liver.     

Modulation of calcium sensitivity in guinea pig taenia coli: skinned fiber studies

In summary then, skinned fiber experiments have provided evidence showing that the relationship between force development and free calcium ion concentration may be variable. The cyclic-nucleotides c-GMP (cf 38) and c-AMP in particular might be important in modulating calcium sensitivity of skinned fibers possibly via an alteration of myosin phosphorylation. Additionally, the coupling between myosin phosphorylation and the ATPase activity of actomyosin or tension generation may itself be modulated in actomyosin contractile systems. The recognition of the physiological relevance of these modulating mechanisms however must await experiments in which the relationship between force development, free calcium ion concentration and myosin phosphorylation is studied in intact fibers. With the advent of more sophisticated calcium measuring techniques, such information is now available.     

The effect of nifedipine and verapamil on KCl-induced rhythmic contractions of guinea pig ureter in vitro

Summary Addition of KCl (40 mM) produced rhythmic contractions of guinea-pig ureters in vitro which were unaffected by phentolamine, atropine or tetrodotoxin.KCl failed to elicit rhythmic contractions of ureters incubated in a Krebs solution with no added Ca⁺⁺; in these conditions the addition of CaCl₂ in concentrations of 1.5 mM, or higher, produced rhythmic contractions whose frequency, but not amplitude, was proportional to CaCl₂ concentration in the bathing medium.EDTA reduced the frequency of KCl-induced rhythmic contractions without affecting their amplitude. Nifedipine and verapamil reduced both the frequency and the amplitude of KCl-induced rhythmic contraction; verapamil was more effective than nifedipine in reducing their amplitude.Urethane reduced the amplitude without significantly affecting the frequency of KCl-induced rhythmic contractions. An increase in the extracellular Ca⁺⁺ concentration reverted the suppressive effect of all drugs under study. These results suggest that an influx of Ca⁺⁺ from the extracellular space is responsible for the initiation of KCl-induced rhythmic contractions and is involved in the mechanism(s) which regulates their frequency, but that a separate mechanism regulates their amplitude.