TB5钛合金板试件疲劳破坏过程的宏微观跨尺度数值模拟

为了研究TB5钛合金板试件从微观初始缺陷到宏观疲劳断裂全过程中的跨尺度数值模拟问题,以约束应力表征材料的疲劳损伤度,以约束应力区裂纹模型描述材料从微观到宏观的疲劳破坏过程,以应变能密度因子作为宏微观跨尺度疲劳裂纹扩张的控制参量,发展了一种宏微观跨尺度疲劳破坏过程的数值模拟方法。在该模型中,可通过疲劳源处材料初始缺陷大小和3个尺度效应函数来表征材料微观因素对疲劳破坏过程的影响。对TB5钛合金光滑板试件(应力集中系数Kt=1)和含切口板试件(Kt=3)进行了数值模拟计算,结果表明,计算S-N曲线与试验S-N曲线能够精准吻合。通过考虑微观效应,其疲劳寿命试验数据的离散性也可由模型计算结果得以体现。     

中碳钢疲劳短裂纹萌生与扩展特性

试验研究了不同热处理状态的３５＃钢试样表面疲劳短裂萌生与扩展特性。结果表明：微结构尺寸及其分布特性对短裂纹萌生与扩展行为有较大影响；短裂纹萌生与扩展寿命可用Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ分布定量描述。     

描述微裂纹成核与扩展的疲劳损伤多尺度模型及其应用

利用多尺度模拟的方法建立了针对疲劳损伤累积过程中微裂纹成核与扩展阶段的疲劳损伤多尺度模型,对模型的有效性进行了实验验证,并将其应用于变幅疲劳载荷下某装甲车传动轴的疲劳寿命评估中.研究结果表明,所提模型能同时预测宏观尺度疲劳损伤与细观尺度微裂纹的成核与扩展率,利用该模型所预测的宏观疲劳损伤值与实验所测值相符.该模型既能合理地描述宏观尺度下不同应力水平的疲劳损伤演化过程,又能综合反映细观尺度下微裂纹的成核与扩展行为.利用这种多尺度疲劳损伤模型可以预测结构在疲劳微裂纹成核与扩展阶段所消耗的疲劳寿命,为各类结构疲劳损伤累积过程评估和准确进行寿命预测提供了一种新途径.     

缺口应力集中对AL6061铝合金超高周疲劳性能的影响

利用超声疲劳试验方法考察了AL6061铝合金缺口试样的疲劳强度,分别对板状光滑试样和缺口试样进行了10~5周次～10~(10)周次范围内的对称疲劳试验。试验载荷为轴向拉压R=-1,加载频率为20 kHz,环境温度为室温,试验结果显示,在10~(10)周次范围内光滑试样和缺口试样的S-N曲线都出现了极限平台型的特征,存在传统疲劳理论定义的疲劳极限,且试样的疲劳性能随着应力集中系数的增加而降低。大多数试样疲劳裂纹萌生于表面,但随着疲劳周次的增加,AL6061铝合金疲劳缺口系数和疲劳缺口敏感系数增加。理论应力集中系数为2.54的试样其疲劳缺口敏感系数为0.89,理论应力集中系数为3.27的试样其疲劳缺口敏感系数为0.82,疲劳缺口敏感系数接近1,表明AL6061铝合金具有非常高的缺口敏感性,在实际工程应用中,须充分考虑应力集中对该材料及相应结构疲劳强度的影响。     

高层钢框架支撑结构多尺度风致疲劳分析方法

为了研究高层钢结构风致疲劳性能,提出了一种由整体尺度到局部节点尺度再到局部焊缝尺度的结构多尺度疲劳分析方法.选取某高层钢框架支撑结构为实际工程,模拟了相应的风荷载,通过建立结构的多尺度有限元模型,对模型进行时程分析,确定了结构应力较为集中的梁柱节点,并得到其应力集中的区域.然后,采用热点应力法对裂纹萌生寿命进行评估,并研究了单元类型及网格划分尺寸对结果的影响.结果表明:该结构底层边跨梁柱节点内侧梁上翼缘板的侧下部易产生较大的应力集中而萌生疲劳裂纹;对于焊缝附近的网格划分类型来说,线性单元及网格尺寸4 mm已基本满足精度需要;该工程的疲劳裂纹萌生寿命为335 a.     

钢桥焊接构件疲劳寿命预测

分析了影响焊接接头疲劳寿命的各种因素,在Dugdale模型基础上构造裂纹闭合模型,并将其应用到焊接接头的表面半椭圆形裂纹,其中考虑了影响区的材性变化、焊接残余应力以及焊缝几何带来的应力集中,通过与两个试验结果的比较表明：该法能估计裂纹扩展阶段的疲劳寿命,可用于焊接钢桥抗疲劳设计。     

考虑短裂纹阶段的焊接结构疲劳寿命分析

针对焊接结构可能存在的短裂纹问题,基于断裂力学原理提出一种改进的疲劳寿命预测方法。该方法结合Kitagawa-Takahashi图建立裂纹扩展门槛值ΔKth与裂纹特征尺寸a的函数关系,并在传统Paris模型的基础上考虑了该门槛值对裂纹扩展的影响。参照某起重机走行梁的疲劳试验数据进行对比研究,结果表明,本文提出的模型相较于传统的Paris模型具有更高的预测精度,而且它在一定程度上可以解释材料微观晶粒尺寸不同导致的焊接结构疲劳寿命的分散性;短裂纹阶段在试件梁疲劳总寿命中占比约为22%,0.25mm可作为短裂纹和长裂纹的合理分界点。     

基于工业CT图像的材料疲劳寿命预测

工业CT(industrial computer tomography,ICT)是在无损伤状态下得到材料断层的二维灰度图像,以图像的灰度来分辨被检断面内部裂纹的萌生、扩展情况.在分析材料的工业CT图像基础上,提出了一种疲劳寿命预测方法.首先将裂纹的萌生、扩展过程分为显微尺度细观裂纹、CT尺度裂纹和宏观裂纹3个阶段;然后采用不同的裂纹萌生、扩展标准对材料疲劳寿命进行预测;最后相加各阶段预测寿命,得到材料疲劳寿命.与疲劳累积损伤理论法、名义应力法等方法相比,该方法预测的材料疲劳寿命具有较高的精度.     

腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展的马尔可夫链模型及实验验证

在腐蚀环境下对LY12CZ铝合金试验件进行疲劳裂纹扩展实验,通过高倍显微镜观测并记录裂纹长度及相应的循环数。基于腐蚀条件下疲劳裂纹扩展数据的分散性及统计特性,提出用马尔可夫链模型模拟腐蚀疲劳裂纹的扩展,建立腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展规律的概率模型,得到给定疲劳寿命时的裂纹超出数概率分布和给定裂纹长度时的疲劳寿命累积概率分布。将模拟结果与实验结果进行比较表明:马尔可夫链模型能够相当好地描述腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展规律,为飞机结构的寿命预测提供参考。     

基于直流电压降法的传热管疲劳裂纹扩展速率测量

介绍了基于直流电压降法测量蒸汽发生器传热管690合金轴向疲劳裂纹扩展速率的销加载拉伸方法。该方法与其他方法相比较,可以直接采用原始管状材料,在线连续测量管状试样在不同应力强度因子下的疲劳裂纹扩展。通过对标准紧凑拉伸试样的类比分析,建立传热管试样的销加载拉伸模型,并对该模型进行电学和力学有限元模拟分析,确定直流电压降数据采集方法。验证试验采用核电蒸汽发生器用690合金传热管,分别研究了室温和高温325℃空气中载荷和温度对材料疲劳裂纹扩展速率的影响,试验结果采用Paris-Erdogan公式进行拟合,吻合度较好。扫描电镜下观察端口形貌,疲劳裂纹的扩展为穿晶形式,在穿晶断口上观察到明显的疲劳辉纹和微塑性区。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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