基于最小分类错误训练的神经网络分类器设计

提出了一种基于最小分类错误（MCE）训练的采用多层感知器（MLP）结构的模式分类器设计方法。这是一种以分类错误率最小化为目标的模式分类器设计方法，将它用于MLP分类器设计能够进一步提高分类器的性能。采用MLP实现MCE训练中的分类损失计算，从而将MCE训练过程与MLP分类器设计统一在一个神经网络结构中，通过BP算法予以实现。这不仅能达到提高MLP分类器性能的目的，而且简化了它的设计过程。     

基于MLP神经网络的超宽带信号自适应识别算法的研究

提出一种利用人工神经网络进行超宽带信号调制模式自适应识别的方法。采用三层MLP神经网络进行调制模式识别。首先对超宽带数字调制信号进行统计特征参数提取,特征参数作为MLP网络的输入层神经元参数,隐含层是双层结构。实验证明,当中间层采用正切型激活函数、输出层采用线性激活函数时,MLP分类器的识别性能最好。在5 dB信噪比环境下,算法的正确识别率高于95%。与传统的统计判决方法相比,神经网络分类器不需要设定判决门限就能实现自适应识别,并且达到更好的识别率,解决了软件无线电系统中的超宽带信号自动识别的问题。     

支持向量机在数字信号调制识别系统中的应用

在非合作通信系统中，需要在非理想化的信道特性下对接收信号进行调制样式的自动识别．使用了一种以支持向量机作为分类器的方法进行数字信号调制样式的识别．实验结果表明，该调制识别方法在小样本下具有较高的识别率，可以应用在数字信号的调制识别系统中．     

多层感知机分类器行为延拓线性分析及其应用

严谨的线性判别函数与判别面的理论，适用于线性阈值（MP模型）神经元分类行为分析。本将此理论扩展到非线性sigmoid神经元，分析了用来解决模式分类问题的、由sigmoid神经元构成的单隐层MLP（多层感知机）的内部行为；并通过一系列近似推理与实验验证，提出了将隐层权重矢量初始值均匀地分布在权重空间的一个圆（超球面）上的方法。针对几个困难的分类问题的实验表明，该方法抓住了MLP分类器内部行为的重要特征，它使MLP分类器跨越了可能存在的学习难点，把学习起点放在达到目标较简便的路径上。此方法在理论上简单直接，应用上方便有效，具有一定的普遍性。     

数字调制信号识别系统的DSP硬件实现

针对人工的信号识别设备不足,设计了基于DSP的数字调制信号识别系统．使用希尔伯特变换提取信号的瞬时信息,计算得到3个特征参数值,使用决策树分类器对信号进行分类．设计了用于通信信号识别的硬件系统,并制作了实际电路．在CCS软件环境下,使用c语言编程实现了调制信号自动识别算法．DSP硬件仿真结果表明,在信噪比不小于10dB时,系统平均识别正确率超过了98％．最后使用系统对信号发生器产生的调制信号进行了实时离线识别,实验结果表明,系统具有较好的识别正确率和实时性．     

基于ART2A-E神经网络的数字调制识别

在分析经典的ART2／2A网络基础上,提出了一种基于ART2A—E神经网络的自动数字调制识别分类器,并测试了分类器对2PSK、4PSK、OQPSK、GMSK、π/4OQPSK、4ASK6种数字调制信号的识别能力．仿真结果表明,该分类器对这6种数字调制信号在信噪比为8dB条件下识别率达到90％以上,而且在不影响网络已记忆模式情况下能自动对未学习模式进行新的聚类,提高了自动调制分类器的自适应性和可扩展性．减少了错判概率．     

基于人工神经网络的城市航空遥感图像植被分类研究

研究了一种基于模糊量化与多层前馈神经网络相结合进行多类别遥感图像植被分类的新方法.对分类指标 进行π隶属函数模糊量化之后,进行多层前馈神经网络(MLP)训练,再用训练后的MLP网络构成监督分类器,并 以宁波市彩红外航空遥感图像资料为数据源,选取园林区为试验区,对植被进行监督分类,分类精度达78%.研究 成果表明,该方法适用于多类别的遥感图像植被分类,其分类效果也较好.     

多层感知器信用评价模型研究

建立多层感知器(MLP)神经网络信用评价模型，用来对我国2000年96家上市公司进行信用评级。按照各上市公司的经营状况分为“好”、“中”、“差”三类，每一类由32家上市公司构成数据样本。对于每一家上市公司，主要考虑其经营状况的四个主要财务指标：每股收益，每股净资产，净资产收益率和每股现金流量，所有数据都来自于2000年上市公司年报。对于MLP网络结构，隐层结点的个数是采用试验的方法来确定的。先从1个开始，然后逐个逐个地增加，一直增加到不能再改善网络性能为止。仿真结果表明，多层感知器信用评价模型分类的准确率达到79．17％。此外，还详细给出MLP网络模型的学习算法和步骤。     

从受训神经—模糊模型中提取知识

本对用于模式分类、函数逼近、参数估计的多层感知器（MLPs)给出1个清晰的关于内部行为的解释。作以单隐层的MLP为例，论述了关于MLP的内部行为的半线性分析理论。对受训的MLP，将隐层单元的输出分别定义为网络输出的正、负“内部分量”；定义内部分量的连接权重集为给定问题的“内部判别模式”；建立了MLP和模糊集相结合的新模型；分析了MLP的结构为N－2－1和N－H－1，给出权重初始化的方法；提出了1种从受训神经－模糊模型（NFMs)中提取知识的全新的具有实用价值的方法。     

基于机器视觉的芒果检测与分级研究

为了提高贵妃芒果检测与分级的准确率和效率,首先用标定好的工业相机对芒果进行拍照,然后使用HALCON对芒果图像进行灰度化和图像分割预处理,接着提取芒果面积、果形指数、成熟度、缺陷面积和缺陷个数5个特征参数并归一化,把它们分别作为GMM、MLP、SVM和KNN分类器的输入向量,并以芒果的4个等级作为分类器的输出向量,最后以每级120个训练样本,60个测试样本分别对4种分类器进行训练和测试。结果表明4种分类器的平均准确率依次为92.5%、93.75%、98.75%和98%,准确率较高,有一定的实际应用价值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the