吡虫啉在有机溶剂中的结晶介稳区研究

采用激光测量装置在不同温度下研究了吡虫啉在乙醇、丙酮、丁酮、二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷中的溶解和超溶解特性,得到了吡虫啉在有机溶剂中的结晶介稳区.吡虫啉在有机溶剂中的溶解度、超溶解度和介稳区宽度Δw均随温度的升高而增加,且吡虫啉在丁酮中的溶解度最大.在相同转速下,吡虫啉在丁酮、丙酮、二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷和乙醇中的介稳区宽度ΔT分别为4.4,5.8,1.2,1.8,2.4 K左右.     

葡萄糖醛酸内酯结晶过程研究

采用静态平衡法测定葡萄糖醛酸内酯在水中4～50℃下的溶解度;采用激光光强分析法,测定在不同降温速率下葡萄糖醛酸内酯在水溶液中的介稳区,降温速率为15,℃/h时,过冷度约为10,℃;降温速率为5,℃/h时,过冷度约为5,℃.在不同温度下,葡萄糖醛酸内酯溶解度及其温度敏感性存在差异,葡萄糖醛酸内酯的介稳区宽度随着降温速率的改变而不同,降温越快,介稳区越宽.采用MSMPR稳态法建立了葡萄糖醛酸内酯在水中的结晶动力学模型:成核速率B0=2.53exp(?2.8 1×10 4/RT)S 0.9 9M T1.45,R=0.92;生长速率G=2.80×10?7 exp(?2.96/RT)S1.42,R=0.93.     

光卤石反浮选-冷结晶法生产氯化钾过程的结晶热力学

采用激光法,在氯化镁-水体系中研究了氯化镁、氯化钠的质量分数、温度、搅拌速率和降温速率等参数对氯化钾溶解度和超溶解度的影响.采用简化的状态方程对溶解度数据进行模拟和预测,并将模拟结果与实验值进行比较.结果表明:升高温度、降低氯化镁质量分数可以提高氯化钾的溶解度和超溶解度,溶解度模型预测值与实验值吻合较好;介稳区宽度随氯化钠质量分数的增加而变窄;降温速率、搅拌速率对介稳区宽度影响很小.     

SrCl2-H3B03-H2O体系中H3BO3介稳区性质的研究

利用激光法对SrCl₂-H₃B0₃-H₂O体系中硼酸结晶介稳区性质进行研究,得出了介稳区宽度、成核级数和溶解度性质,同时给出了该体系中硼酸的成核速率和溶解度方程,对介稳区规律给出了较为合理的理论解释。本文通过对SrCl₂-H₃B0₃-H₂O体系中H₃B0₃的介稳区性质的研究认为：该混合体系中的SrCl₂的存在会导致一个最宽介稳区产生,有利于实际生产的控制;成核级数的计算证明少量SrCl₂ 的存在不会干扰生产控制,不需要刻意去除;混合体系中SrCl₂的加入会降低硼酸的溶解度,且随着SrCl₂的浓度增加,硼酸溶解度降低的幅度增大。     

N,N-二(2-羟丙基)哌嗪(HPP)溶解性能研究

文章采用溶解平衡法,在273~333K温度范围内,测定了N,N-二(2-羟丙基)哌嗪(HPP)在水、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、正己烷、环己烷、甲苯、苯、乙醇-水混合溶剂中的溶解度。在不同溶剂中,HPP溶解度均随温度升高而增大。相同温度下HPP的溶解度从大到小依次为甲醇、乙醇、正丁醇、水、异丙醇、苯、甲苯、环己烷、正己烷;在乙醇-水体系中的溶解度从大到小依次为33%乙醇、100%乙醇、66%乙醇、50%乙醇、水。分别采用Apelblat方程、理想溶解度方程对溶解度数据进行了关联,并获得相关关联模型的参数。利用Van’t Hoff方程估算了溶解过程的溶解焓和熵,同时测定了HPP在乙醇中的介稳区。结果表明,随着温度和搅拌速率的降低,HPP结晶介稳区的宽度增大。     

间苯二甲酸在水及醋酸-水溶液中的结晶热力学

利用激光检测装置,测定了间苯二甲酸在水及不同质量分数的醋酸-水溶液中的溶解度和结晶介稳区宽度,并对4个体系的溶解度数据采用λh方程进行了关联,计算值与实验值的绝对平均偏差分别为5.78%,2.02%,3.74%和1.56%,进而求得了溶液的结晶焓.实验结果表明,间苯二甲酸在所考察的体系中的溶解度均随温度的升高而增大,在醋酸-水溶液中的溶解度随醋酸浓度的增加而增大,而介稳区宽度均随温度的增加而变窄,在醋酸-水溶液中介稳区宽度较在水中的窄.各体系的混合热均随温度和溶质浓度的增加而增大.     

咖啡因在水和乙醇中介稳区的测定

测定了0—50℃范围内咖啡因晶体在水和乙醇溶剂中的溶解度和超溶解度曲线，同时拟合出咖啡因的溶解度和超溶解度方程，确定了晶体生长的介稳区范围。结果表明，咖啡因在水和无水乙醇中的介稳区较宽，将结晶操作控制在介稳区之内，添加晶种可以避免自发成核，这有助于咖啡因结晶生产。     

鸟粪石结晶过程溶解度、介稳区及诱导期的测定

鸟粪石结晶法是处理氨氮废水的重要方法,然而产生的鸟粪石粒径普遍在1～100μm范围内,无法达到缓释肥粒径1～5 mm的标准。针对该问题,测定了鸟粪石在水溶液中的溶解度、介稳区宽度以及结晶诱导期等基础数据,为解决该问题提供一定的理论基础。在pH为7～10范围内,采用静态法测定了鸟粪石的溶解度,并利用经典的三参数模型方程进行拟合;利用浊度仪法测定了鸟粪石在结晶过程中的介稳区宽度和诱导期,探究了pH和温度对鸟粪石结晶过程介稳区宽度的影响以及过饱和度对鸟粪石诱导期的影响。结果表明：鸟粪石溶解度在pH为7～10范围内,随温度的降低和pH的升高而降低,当pH大于8.5之后,溶解度下降趋势减缓,最小达到0.5 mmol/L。鸟粪石溶解度和过饱和度曲线均符合三参数模型,拟合度R²均大于0.99;拟合发现鸟粪石在不同温度和pH条件的介稳区宽度呈直线关系,且温度和pH升高介稳区宽度变窄。基于经典成核理论和诱导期数据,计算出鸟粪石在pH为8.0和9.2下均相成核过程固液界面张力,分别为2.72、3.16 mJ/m²。通过鸟粪石在水中基础热力学性质的分析可知,若要在...     

甲氧羰基乙酸己酯在超临界二氧化碳中溶解行为研究(英文)

设计合成了甲氧羰基乙酸己酯,确定了其结构,在压力为8.5¹8.6 MPa,温度为31318.6 MPa,温度为313³53 K测定了其在超临界CO2中的溶解度.并运用Bartle和Chrastil半经验模型对溶解度数据进行关联,由Kumar-Johnston理论计算其在超临界相中的偏摩尔体积.结果表明:甲氧羰基乙酸丁酯在8.5 MPa、313 K下溶解度高达2.62×10-3mol/L,与理论计算结果相关性良好,平均相对偏差分别为3.28%353 K测定了其在超临界CO2中的溶解度.并运用Bartle和Chrastil半经验模型对溶解度数据进行关联,由Kumar-Johnston理论计算其在超临界相中的偏摩尔体积.结果表明:甲氧羰基乙酸丁酯在8.5 MPa、313 K下溶解度高达2.62×10-3mol/L,与理论计算结果相关性良好,平均相对偏差分别为3.28%⁵8.65%和0.0068%58.65%和0.0068%²7.7%.在313,333,353 K温度下,其偏摩尔体积分别为-5708.79,-1665.36,-707.43 cm3/mol.     

L–丙交酯结晶介稳区性质研究

采用激光法测定了不同温度下L–丙交酯在乙醇中的介稳区宽度以及结晶诱导期数据,得到L–丙交酯在不同降温速率和搅拌转速下的结晶介稳区宽度和不同温度条件下诱导期数据.结果表明:结晶介稳区宽度随着搅拌转速的增大而变窄,且温度越高影响越大;结晶介稳区宽度随着降温速率的减小而变窄;计算得到了各个温度条件下成核过程阶数,其相关性较高.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has