鼻粘膜给药用明胶微球的制备

以明胶为原料,葡聚糖为交联剂,采用乳化化学交联固化法制备鼻粘膜给药用明胶微球。结果表明:在明胶质量浓度为0.15 g/mL,乳化剂Span 80质量浓度为0.02 g/mL,搅拌速度=800 r/min,V(液体石蜡)∶V(水)=15∶1的最优反应条件下,制备的未交联明胶微球平均粒径=47±7.6μm,葡聚糖交联明胶微球的平均粒径=38±4.2μm。     

反相细乳液法制备二氧化硅空心微球

利用反相细乳液法以硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,成功制备了二氧化硅空心微球.对影响空心微球粒径大小、单分散性的影响因素如表面活性剂、硅源的用量,陈化过程中的搅拌速度进行了初步的探索.通过大量的实验,得出VTEOS=0.75mL,VTween80=200μL,VSpan80=400μL;在陈化搅拌阶段,先以v=600r/min的速度搅拌6h,然后以v=300r/min的速度搅拌6h,最终静置12h.在该条件下能够得到比较好的空心二氧化硅微球.     

利福平/ 聚乳酸微球的制备研究

以利福平为囊心物质,应用溶剂挥发法制备了聚乳酸(PLA)微球,分析了不同因素对聚乳酸的球径及包封率、收率的影响,结果表明使用利福平饱和聚乙烯醇水溶液为连续相,分散相为PLA(Mr=5 9万),投药比为1∶2,PLA的质量分数为5%,聚乙烯醇的质量分数为0 8%,水(V)∶油(V)=5∶1,转速为400r·min-1,可得到包封率和粒径适宜的微球.     

应用扫描电镜研究反相胶束法合成介孔二氧化硅微球

以十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTAB)为模板,采用反相胶束法合成不同粒径的二氧化硅微球,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)对所制备的微球进行表征.考察了体系中乙醇/水比例、氨水用量、CTAB用量、温度和搅拌速度这5个条件对所制备的二氧化硅微球的粒径、均一性及分散性的影响.实验结果表明:增加体系中乙醇/水的比例将减小纳米颗粒的粒径,同时显著提高纳米颗粒的均一性和分散性;随着氨水用量的增加,微球的粒径先减小后增加,适当的氨水浓度有利于制备粒径均一的微球;增加CTAB的用量,微球的粒径增加;降低反应温度有利于合成大粒径、均一性好的微球;同时,提高搅拌速度也有利于制备均一性良好的微球.     

分散聚合制备聚丙烯酸微球方法的研究

以丙烯酸(AA)为单体,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K-30为分散剂、偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,环己烷/水混合体系为反应介质,采用分散聚合法制备聚丙烯酸(PAA)微球。研究了分散介质配比、单体浓度、搅拌速度对微球粒径和粒径分布的影响,并采用SEM、光学显微镜对微球形貌和尺寸进行表征。研究结果表明,当搅拌速度600r/ppm,环己烷/水体积比为1:1,单体浓度为25%时,可以制得球体均匀、粒径尺寸适宜的聚丙烯酸微球。     

反相微乳液聚合制备聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶微球研究

以油酸/Span20/OP10为复合乳化剂,柴油为连续相,采用反相微乳液聚合制备了聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶微球.通过微乳面积等值图、拟三元图确定出体系中乳化剂最佳比例为w(油酸)∶w(Span)∶w(OP10)=41∶31∶28;在最佳聚合点处,油相、乳化剂相、水相分别占体系质量的34.62%,15.38%,50.00%.应用冷冻蚀刻透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜及动态光散射分别对聚合前后的微乳液体系进行表征,可以看出聚合前微乳液中存在大量反胶束(团)(10nm以下)及溶胀胶团(约50nm)结构,聚合后得纳米级水凝胶微球,前后尺寸相差不大.同时测定油酸/Span20/OP10复合乳化剂水溶液与桩西原油之间的界面张力并与反相微乳聚合常规乳化剂的结果进行对比,发现前者界面张力较低,能够起到驱油用表面活性剂的作用.     

利用带自由基的线型聚苯乙烯链为模板制备聚苯乙烯核-聚（N-异丙基丙烯酰胺）壳微球的初步研究

利用线型聚苯乙烯链从非极性溶剂进入极性溶剂能缩聚成团的特性,将带有自由基的聚苯乙烯链泵送入N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)溶液中,以缩聚成团的聚苯乙烯作为模板,由链端自由基引发单体NIPAM的聚合,得到了聚苯乙烯核-聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)壳微球.初步探索了苯乙烯(St)浓度和搅拌速度对微球成型的影响.结果表明:利用此方法制备微球具有可行性.     

制备条件对P(NIPAM-co-St)微球粒径的影响

以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)、苯乙烯(St)为单体采用无皂乳液聚合法制备P(NIPAM-co-St)微球。在制备过程中,综合考察了反应时间、引发剂用量、相比、搅拌速度4个因素对P(NIPAM-co-St)微球的粒径的影响。实验结果表明,增加引发剂量、延长反应时间对减小微球粒径的影响最大,而增加相比则起着相反的作用;当搅拌速度在600 r/min,引发剂量为4%,相比为2.5%,反应时间为12 h的单分散性都比较好。     

花状Ni(OH)2微球的制备及其对尿酸的快速检测

采用微波辅助水热法制备了均匀分级的氢氧化镍(Ni(OH)₂)微球,通过X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对Ni(OH)₂的组成和形貌进行了表征.Ni(OH)₂微球的平均直径约1.6μm,复杂的花状结构使其具有较大的比表面积.将微球制备成Ni(OH)₂修饰的玻碳电极,并将其用于0.1 mol/L NaOH溶液中尿酸(UA)的检测,该电极具有良好的电催化活性.这种传感器表现出较宽的线性范围(0.1～1.5 mmol/L)和高灵敏度(475.71μA·L/(mmol·cm²)),且有较低的检出限(1.8μmol/L).利用电化学测试对内源性干扰物进行检验,发现Ni(OH)₂微球修饰电极对UA的选择性较好.结果表明:Ni(OH)₂微球在研发无酶尿酸传感器方面具有重要的应用潜力.     

头孢替唑钠壳聚糖载药微球制备的研究

以虾壳为原料制备壳聚糖.通过反相悬浮交联法制备壳聚糖微球和头孢替唑钠载药微球.研究了醋酸浓度、壳聚糖浓度、乳化剂用量、油水比、交联密度、反应时间和搅拌速度等因素对微球平均粒径和粒径分散度的影响.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has