Characteristics of TCRαβ+CD4-CD8- thymocytes in fetal thymic organ culture

TCRαβ+CD4-CD8- (TCR+ DN) thymocytes at different developmental periods, i.e. after either 9 or 18 days of culture in the fetal thymic organ culture (FTOC) system, were characterized in the properties of phenotype, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. The results showed that anti-CD3 mAb significantly promoted proliferation of TCRαβ+ DN cells generated after 18 days of culture in FTOC, whereas the cells generated after 9 days of culture responded to anti-CD3 mAb by proliferation weakly. IL-7 efficiently induced TCRαβ+ DN cells at day 9 of FTOC to differentiate into TCRαβ+CD4+/CD8+ SP cells without detectable transitional stage of TCRαβ+CD4+CD8+ (DP) cells. In contrast, fewer TCRαβ+ DN cells generated after 18 days of FTOC were induced to differentiate into SP cells. The thymic stromal cell line MTEC5 cells synergized with IL-7 to promote the differentiation of TCRαβ+ DN cells. In addition, TCRαβ+ DN cells were shown to be less susceptible to apoptosis compared with the other major thymocyte subsets. Taken together, these data have provided insight into the characteristics of TCRαβ+ DN thymocytes.     

Effect of MTEC1 on the functional expression of TCRaβ+ 3G11− 6C10− CD4+ CD8− thymocyte subset

A murine CD4⁺ thymocyte subset with phenotype of TCRαβ⁺ 3G11⁻ 6C10⁻ CD4⁺ CD8⁻ CD69^+/- HSA^med/lo contains the cells in relatively functional matured status. The functional property of the cells in this subset is characterized by the unique pattern of cytokine production at transitional stage from Th0 to Th2 type with the latter being the dominant type. After being co-cultured with murine thymic medullary epithelial cell line (MTEC1) cells, a murine thymic medullary type epithelial cell line, the TCRαβ⁺ 3G11⁻ 6C10⁻ CD4⁺ CD8⁻ CD69^+/- HSA^med/lo thymocytes, has exhibited significantly higher levels of proliferation capability and IL-6 production, whereas the production of IL-4 and IL-10 is suppressed after co-culturing with MTECl. By contrast, MTECl could not induce thymocytes to secrete Thl type of cytokines. The results suggest that MTECl can regulate functional status of this thymocyte subset and induce them to develop into a specialized Th2 subset.     

Generalized Lévy walks and the role of chemokines in migration of effector CD8+ T cells

Chemokines have a central role in regulating processes essential to the immune function of T cells, such as their migration within lymphoid tissues and targeting of pathogens in sites of inflammation. Here we track T cells using multi-photon microscopy to demonstrate that the chemokine CXCL10 enhances the ability of CD8+ T cells to control the pathogen Toxoplasma gondii in the brains of chronically infected mice. This chemokine boosts T-cell function in two different ways: it maintains the effector T-cell population in the brain and speeds up the average migration speed without changing the nature of the walk statistics. Notably, these statistics are not Brownian; rather, CD8+ T-cell motility in the brain is well described by a generalized Lévy walk. According to our model, this unexpected feature enables T cells to find rare targets with more than an order of magnitude more efficiency than Brownian random walkers. Thus, CD8+ T-cell behaviour is similar to Lévy strategies reported in organisms ranging from mussels to marine predators and monkeys, and CXCL10 aids T cells in shortening the average time taken to find rare targets.     

CpG ODN对初生仔猪外周血CD4+和CD8+T淋巴细胞的影响

以猪伪狂犬病毒为模式病毒,研究了CpG ODN对仔猪外周血中CD4^＋,CD8^＋T淋巴细胞的影响．实验结果表明：疫苗组初生仔猪血液中CD4^＋／CD8^＋T淋巴细胞比例随年龄的增加逐渐降低,而CpG ODN能有效抑制其降低（P〈0．05）;CpG ODN的使用也可以阻止伪狂犬病毒导致的血液中CD4^＋T淋巴细胞比例的降低;联合免疫CpG ODN和猪伪狂犬病毒活疫苗,可以诱导初生仔猪血清中猪伪狂犬病毒特异性抗体迅速产生并达到较高的水平（P〈0．05）;这表明CpG ODN能显著增强动物的免疫应答能力．     

肿瘤患者外周血CD4+和CD8+T淋巴细胞TCR Vβ基因克隆化分析

目的探讨肿瘤患者T细胞抗原受体(TCR)Vβ基因克隆化改变特征.方法应用多引物巢式PCR技术检测肿瘤患者外周血CD4+T细胞和CD8+T细胞TCR Vβ基因22个亚家族的克隆化改变,与正常对照组比较,分析肿瘤患者TCR单克隆改变的特点.结果 CD8+T细胞TCRVβ基因亚家族单克隆改变的数量多于CD4+T细胞;肿瘤患者的CD4+T细胞中,只有Vβ2,Vβ7和Vβ8三个亚家族单克隆改变高于正常对照组(P0.01或P0.05),其他Vβ亚家族单克隆改变与正常对照组无明显差异.肿瘤患者的CD8+T细胞中,有14个Vβ亚家族单克隆改变均高于正常对照组(P0.01或P0.05);4组肿瘤患者中,CD4+T细胞和CD8+T细胞的TCR Vβ7亚家族的单克隆改变均明显高于正常对照组(P0.01或P0.05).结论通过检测TCR Vβ基因克隆化改变,可以初步了解T细胞对肿瘤的免疫应答状况.     

A linear analysis of the space structure of the standard plot in city

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Effect of MTECl on the functional expression of TCRαβ~ + 3G11~- 6C10~-CD4~+CD8~- thymocyte subset

A murine CD4+ thymocyte subset with phenotype of TCRαβ + 3G11- 6C10- CD4 + CD8- CD69 +/- HSAmed/locontains the cells in relatively functional matured status. The functional property of the cells in this subset is characterized by the unique pattern of cytokine production at transitional stage from Th0 to Th2 type with the latter being the dominant type. After being co-cultured with murine thymic medullary epithelial cell line (MTEC1) cells, a murine thymic medullary type epithelial cell line, the TCRαβ(T 3G11 6C10-CD4 + CD8- CD69+/- HSAmed/l? thy-mocytes, has exhibited significantly higher levels of proliferation capability and IL-6 production, whereas the production of IL-4 and IL-10 is suppressed after co-culturing with MTECl. By contrast, MTECl could not induce thymocytes to secrete Th1 type of cytokines. The results suggest that MTECl can regulate functional status of this thymocyte subset and induce them to develop into a specialized Th2 subset.     

Application of the moist vorticity vector in the analysis of a heavy rainfall event in North China

The moist vorticity vector (MVV), defined as (ζa×▽qv)/ρ introduced by Gao et al. is used to study a heavy rainfall event in North China. The MVV has zonal, meridional and vertical components in a three-dimensional framework. Analysis of domain-mean and mass-integrated quantities shows that the variation of the vertical component of the MVV closely follows the variation of the cloud hydrometeors, with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.95, indicating that the vertical component of the MVV is strongly associated with midlatitude convection. Further analysis shows that the vertical component of the MVV reflects the interaction between the horizontal vorticity and the horizontal specific humidity gradient, which can associate dynamic and thermodynamic processes with cloud microphysical processes. Thus, this study can help to understand how the interaction between circulations and clouds aids the development of convection, and the MVV can be used to trace the development and evolution of heavy rainfall.     

Moment tensor analysis of the acoustic emission source in the rock damage process

To further investigate the mechanism of acoustic emission (AE) in the rock fracture experiment, moment tensor analysis was carried out. The AE sources characterized by crack sizes, orientations and fracture modes, are represented by a time-dependent moment tensor. Since the waveforms recorded by AE monitors correlate to the moment tensors, we prefer to select the P wave amplitude from the full-space Green's function of homogeneous and isotropic materials to determine the six independent components of the moment tensor. The moment tensor analysis was used to investigate the AE sources recorded in the experiment, and three types of micro-cracks were found, which are tensile mode, shear mode and mixture of the tensile and shear mode. In addition, the motion of micro-cracks was decided by eigenvectors of moment tensor. Results indicate that the moment tensor analysis may be used as a measurement to reflect the damage evolution of rock specimen.     

感染日本血吸虫小鼠CD4~+,CD8~+T细胞凋亡相关基因转录水平

目的:探讨日本血吸虫感染过程中.宿主CD4~+和CD8~+T细胞凋亡的相关基因TGF—β(转化生长因子—β.Transforming growth factor—β)在转录水平上的变化.方法:用地高辛标记的探针作原位杂交.观察促凋亡基因TGF—β在CD4~+和CD8~+细胞的TGF—βmRNA的表达随感染时间的延长而升高,感染后第10周起CD4~+T细胞TGF—βmRNA的表达明显高于CD8~+T细胞,差异有显著性意义.结论:在日本血吸虫感染过程中,CD4~+细胞凋亡比率超过CD8~+细胞.提示CD4~+和CD8~+细胞t比值下降与TGF—β基因的活化有关.     

The Distribution of a CP-asymmetric quantity in the decay channelJ/Ψ→π + π − π 0

The distribution of a CP-asymmetric quantityA in the decay channelJ/ψ→π ⁺ π ^? π ⁰ is investigated. This dimensionless quantityA is constructed from the momenta of the π-meson final states, namely A=P _x ^{π +} P _y ^{π ?} -P _x ^{π ?} P _y ^{π ?}, whereP _h,P _x ^h andP _y ^h are the module of the momentum of a hadron h, the x- and y-components of that momentum respectively, theJ/ψ particle is produced by e⁺ e^? collision, and the direction of the momentum of e⁺ is taken to be the positive direction ofz axis. There would exists the violation under the combined transformation of charge conjugation and space reflection (CP violation) when the average ofA among a lot of events, 〈A〉, be examined to be nonzero clearly from data. In this way, 748 events are selected from the BES experimental data, and analyzed. The corresponding averageA-value is measured to be 〈A〉 = 0.010 39 ± 0.014 61 ± 0.015 2. Further, some discussion of our result, the size of the data sample being need for further attempt and a possible perspective are given.     

Nonlinear analysis of the alcoholic''s EEG

The nonlinear analysis is used to study the EEGs of the alcoholic and the control. Three kinds of expansions are discussed in order to get a more proper delay and then Liangyue Cao algorithm is implemented efficiently. Totally, there are 40 subjects involved in this study and the average values and the sample variances of D2s are computed. The results show that the average value of D2s of the alcoholic is larger than that of the control when the same electrode was used, which means that the brain dynamics of the alcoholic is more complex than that of the control. On the other hand, for most of the electrodes, the sample variance of D2s of the alcoholic is larger than that of the control, suggesting that the brain dynamics of the alcoholic is less steady.     

Characteristics of seismostratigraphy and analysis of structurallithofacies in the southern Yellow Sea Cenozoic basin

In this paper,the upper structural layer of the southern Yellow Sea Basin (SYSB) is further divided into three layers based on the latest obtained high-resolution single-channel seismic profiles.Combined with the borehole data,the characteristics and evolvement of structure and environment since middle-late Tertiary are discussed.The study shows that the acoustic-base indicated by shallow seismic profiles represents the basic shape of the SYSB in late Oligocene-early Miocene.Based on the comprehensive analysis of some typical profiles crossing the basin about seismostratigraphy,gravity and magnetics,the basin about seismostratigraphy,gravity and magnetics,the basin edge fault and some basin inner structure are identified.Furthermore,the acoustic-base is classified into four types of basal lithofacies:Eogene basin basement,Paleozoic basement,Mesozoic basement and magma intrusion basement.     

正常来源CD4+CD25+细胞在小鼠肺癌模型中的抗肿瘤作用

CD4+CD25+细胞是一群具有免疫抑制活性的T细胞,又称为调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells,Tregs).肿瘤发生中Tregs会抑制T细胞的活化,促进肿瘤的发生、发展,而正常生理来源的Tregs回输后产生的免疫调节作用是未知的.为探讨正常生理状态下Tregs的免疫调节作用,利用小鼠肺癌模型和细胞移植...     

抗原对CD8+T细胞记忆的贡献

基于T细胞的逆线性分化假说建立了非线性理论模型,利用此模型,得出记忆T细胞逆线性分化模型确有记忆机制,并发现记忆强度与抗原量有直接的关系。     

Paleocurrent analysis on the basal conglomerate of the model Changzhougou formation in Qian’an

The paleoflow direction of the basal conglomerate of the Changzhougou formation is obtained by the paleocurrent analysis of certain sedimentary structures, and the ancient sedimentary environment of the Qian'an Region is determined by observing the psephicity and gradation of gravel in conglomerate. The results show that the paleoflow direction is from northwest to southwest, and the paleocurrent data manifest a single-peak style in a rose diagram. The average paleoflow direction in the Qian'an region is 265°. The basal conglomerate is of littoral facies, and the sediments of conglomerates are mainly sourced from Shanhaiguan.     

Sporopollen analysis of Core B10 in the southern Yellow Sea and the reflected characteristics of climate changes

Eight sporopollen zones have been divided based on the results of high-resolution sporopollen analysis of Core B10 in the southern Yellow Sea. Based on the results along with ^14C datings and the subbottom profiling data,climatic and environmental changes since the last stage of late Pleistocene are discussed. The main conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) the vegetation evolved in the process of coniferous forest-grassland containing broad-leaved trees→coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest→coniferons and broad-leaved mixed forest-grassland prevailed by coniferous trees→coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest-grassland containing evergreen broad-leaved trees→coniferons and broad-leaved mixed forest-grassland prevailed by broadleaved trees→deciduous broad-leaved forest-meadow containing evergreen broad-leaved trees→coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest-grassland prevailed by broad-leaved trees→coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest containing evergreen broad-leaved trees; (2) eight stages of climate changes are identified as the cold and dry stage, the temperate and wet stage, the cold and dry stage, the warm and dry stage, the temperate and wet stage, the hot and dry stage, the temperate and dry stage, then the warm and dry stage in turn; (3) the sedimentary environment developed from land,to littoral zone, to land again, then to shore-neritic zone; and (4) the Yellow Sea Warm Current formed during early-Holocene rather than Atlantic stage.     

On the structure of AP-4 responsive element in the LTR of Jembrana disease virus

Previous studies with deletion and sequence analysis of JDV LTR showed that there is a putative AP-4 responsive element in LTR. By antisense transient assay and gel shifting assay, we for the first time demonstrated that AP-4 modulated JDV gene expression by binding DNA directly to bovine cells. The results, derived from site-directed mutagenesis experiments, suggest that the six base pairs of AP-4 binding site (CAGCTG) have different effects on JDV gene expression. When the first two base pairs changed to GC, JDV gene expression is severely decreased.     

Diagnostic analysis of mesoscale rainstorms in the Jiang-Huai valley of China with convective vorticity vector

By the vector product of absolute vorticity vectors and equivalent potential temperature gradients, a new vector, convective vorticity vector (CVV) is readdressed after Gao et al., and is applied to the study of the development and movement of mesoscale rainstorms in the Jiang-Huai valley of China by using high-resolution simulation data with PSU/NCAR MM5 briefly. The results show that the CVV, especially its vertical component which is closely related to interactions between vertical secondary circulations and horizontal equivalent potential temperature gradients, may be a good tracer and diagnostic tool in the study of mesoscale rainstorms in the Jiang-Huai valley of China. And the main physical processes responsible for the variations of the vertical component of the CVV are discussed briefly based on its tendency equation proposed in this article.