龙葵碱对HepG2细胞内[Ca2+]i的影响

探讨龙葵碱对HepG2细胞形态及细胞内[Ca~(2 )]i的影响,揭示龙葵碱诱导细胞凋亡的机制.以人肝癌细胞HepG2为研究对象,采用AO/EB双染HepG2细胞,激光共聚焦扫描显微镜观察细胞形态学改变,Fluo-3/AM单染HepG2细胞,激光共聚焦扫描显微镜观察细胞内[Ca~(2 )]i的改变.结果发现龙葵碱作用于HepG2 48h后,细胞形态出现典型的细胞凋亡形态;细胞内[Ca~(2 )]i浓度明显升高.表明龙葵碱升高细胞内Ca~(2 )浓度启动细胞凋亡机制.     

Mechanisms of peroxynitrite-induced [Ca2+]i increase in single neuronal cell

The mechanism of peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻)-induced [ca²⁺]_i increase in single MN9D cell (Dopaminergic neuroblastoma cell line) was studied by using Fura-2 microfluorometric technique. The results show that ONOO⁻ caused a rapid increase of [Ca²⁺]_i when ONOO₋ was puffed to the cell. Removing Ca²⁺ from the bath or using calcium channel antagonist (CdCl₂, Nifedipine) greatly inhibited the [Ca²⁺]_i increase induced by ONOO⁻¹, suggesting that the opening of L-Ca²⁺ channel makes a great contribution to the [Ca²⁺]_i increase. The effect of sulfhydryl reductive agent (DTT) on ONOO⁻-induced [Ca²⁺]_i increase suggests that ONOO⁻-activating L-Ca²⁺ channel is partly related to its oxidative speciality.     

H_2SO_4溶液中[H~+]的计算

本文根据质子等衡和物料平衡原则推导出了H2SO4溶液中[H+]的三个计算公式,并把计算结果与实验结果进行了比较分析。     

Heat and hyposmotic stimulation increase in [Ca^2＋]i by Ca^2＋ influx in rat synoviocytes

Rheumatoid arthritis （RA）, which is marked by inflammatory synovitis, is a common, chronic autoimmune-disease, whose pathogenesis is complex and still unclear. In order to explore the effects of heat and hyposmotic stimuli on synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis, the changes of [Ca^2＋]i induced by heat, hyposmotic and 4α-PDD stimuli were observed in synoviocytes. [Ca^2＋]i elevation induced by heat 28℃, hyposmotic and 4α-PDD stimuli is found to be positively relative to increasing temperature, decreasing osmolality and rising concentration of 4α-PDD. Results show that there is reciprocity among these stimuli and desensitization, and that [Ca^2＋]i elevation depends on Ca^2＋ influx, but not necessarily links to Ca^2＋ release from intracellular stores and voltage-dependent Ca^2＋ channel in synoviocytes. The above characteristics of Ca^2＋ influx are similar to those of TRPV4. A probable mechanism has been suggested that heat and hyposmotic stimulation might increase the level of [Ca^2＋]i by activating the TRPV4-like channel and Ca^2＋ influx in the synoviocytes.     

柴胡皂甙促大鼠胰腺腺泡酶分泌作用的特征及胞外Ca2+对其的影响

利用检测胰腺腺泡蛋白分泌量表征胰酶分泌 ,研究柴胡总皂甙及柴胡皂甙单体 促胰腺腺泡酶分泌的量效特征和时效特征 ,并探讨胞外 Ca2 浓度的影响 .结果表明柴胡总皂甙及柴胡皂甙单体 促酶分泌作用随浓度增加而增强 ,且趋向饱和 .柴胡总皂甙促泌作用动力学呈现早期的高促分泌相和随后的低促分泌相 ;而 1 0 - 5 mol/L柴胡皂甙单体 的促泌动力学则出现了前期的低促分泌相 .胞外 Ca2 浓度为零 ,降低了柴胡总皂甙低促泌相的作用 ,并致使腺泡分泌趋向停止 .     

大黄酸抑制脂多糖刺激巨噬细胞升高[Ca2+]i和释放TNFα的作用特征

以正常腹腔巨噬细胞(PMφ)和脂多糖(Lipopolysacharide，LPS)刺激的PM垂为对象，用MTT法和激光共焦扫描显微术检测肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)释放量和单细胞[Ca^2 ]i的动态变化，研究了大黄酸(Rhein)的作用特征和机理．结果显示，大黄酸对正常PMφ释放TNFα没有明确的影响，但对LPS刺激的PMφ释放TNFα有显的抑制作用，其抑制作用随浓度增加而增强，10^-4mol／L大黄酸抑制了10μg／mL LPS效应的72％．值得注意的是，大黄酸不但抑制了LPS引发的PMφ[Ca^2 ]i的升高，而且使LPS引发的[Ca^2 ]i由宽平台峰状转变为振荡动力学模式，胞外介质无钙时又转变为更低幅值的峰．以上结果表明，大黄酸降低LPS引发的PM垂的[Ca^2 ]i升高是其抑制TNFα释放的信号传导通路的重要环节，并提示大黄酸在降低胞内钙释放和胞外钙内流的同时又对其动力学进行了类周期性的调制．     

不同浓度ET-1引起心肌细胞[Ca2+]i 升高作用的量效关系

目的：探讨内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１）对心肌细胞内游离钙浓度（［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ）的作用以及不同浓度ＥＴ－１引起［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ升高作用的量效关系。方法：采用分离的Ｓｐｒａｇｕｅ－Ｄａｗｌｅｙ大鼠心室肌细胞,以Ｆｕｒａ－２／ＡＭ荧光指示剂负载,检测不同浓度ＥＴ－１引起［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ变化。结果：ＥＴ－１引起［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ升高呈双相反应,即起始的短暂快速相和随后的持续相。在１×１０－９～５×１０７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内,随着ＥＴ－１浓度的增加,其升高［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ的作用亦增强;并且这种作用可被ＥＴＡ的特异性受体阻断剂ＢＱ１２３（２×１０６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）所阻断。结论：ＥＴ－１升高［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ呈剂量依赖关系,其作用具有特异性,并且是通过ＥＴＡ受体介导的。     

不同浓度ET—1引起心肌细胞[Ca^2＋]i升高作用的？…

目的:探讨内皮素-1(ET-1)对心肌细胞内游离钙浓度([Ca2+]i)的作用以及不同浓度ET-1引起[Ca2+]i升高作用的量效关系.方法:采用分离的Sprague-Dawley大鼠心室肌细胞,以Fura-2/AM荧光指示剂负载,检测不同浓度ET-1引起[Ca2+]i变化.结果:ET-1引起[Ca2+]i升高呈双相反应,即起始的短暂快速相和随后的持续相.在1×10-9～5×10-7mol/L范围内,随着ET-1浓度的增加,其升高[Ca2+]i的作用亦增强;并且这种作用可被ETA的特异性受体阻断剂BQ123(2×10-6mol/L)所阻断.结论:ET-1升高[Ca2+]i呈剂量依赖关系,其作用具有特异性,并且是通过ETA受体介导的.     

知柏地黄丸浸液对大鼠嗜铬细胞内钙的作用

运用Fura-2显微荧光测量技术,在单个大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞上,测量中药知柏地黄丸浸液对胞内游离钙浓度([Ca     

Physiological [Ca2+]i level and pump-leak turnover in intact red cells measured using an incorporated Ca chelator

The physiological actions of Ca2+ as a trigger and second messenger depend on the maintenance of large inward resting Ca2+ gradients across the cell plasma membrane. An ATP-fuelled Ca-pump, originally discovered and still best characterized in human red cells, is now believed to mediate resting Ca2+ extrusion in most animal cells. However, even in red cells, the truly physiological pump-leak turnover rate and cytoplasmic free Ca2+ level are unknown. Previous estimates were only very imprecise upper limits because normal intact red cells have a minute total pool of exchangeable Ca of less than 1 mumol 1 cells; Ca fluxes could not be measured without artificially increasing that pool with ionophores or disrupting the membrane to incorporate Ca buffers. Both procedures leave the membrane considerably leakier than in intact cells. Here, we have increased the exchangeable Ca pool by non-disruptively loading a Ca-chelator into intact cells, using intracellular hydrolysis of a membrane-permeant ester. The trapped chelator made the free cytoplasmic calcium concentration, [Ca2+]i, an easily defined function of directly measurable total cell Ca. We were then able to establish the physiological steady-state [Ca2+]i and pump-leak turnover rate of fresh cells suspended in their own plasma. If [Ca2+]i was lowered below the normal resting level, the Ca pump rate decreased according to the square of [Ca2+]i, and the inward Ca leak increased. The increase in leak did not develop if the cells were depleted of ATP and ADP.     

α-LTX and α-LTXN4C induce [Ca2+]i elevation through different mechanisms in pancreatic β cells

α-latrotoxin (α-LTX) is the only neurotoxin from black-widow spider which has secretagogue effects in the vertebrates. It causes massive neurotransmitter and hormone release via two instinct mechanisms after binding with its high-affinity membrane recep…     

利用零水准法建立PBE并合理简化溶液[H+]的计算

本文介绍了利用零水准法建立PBE，并在PBE中代入零水准物质的浓度，导出一个基本公式形式，以此为基础根据具体条件和准确度的要求对[H^ ]的计算进行近似处理的方法。     

ATP刺激巨噬细胞[Ca2+]i升高和氧自由基增加及大黄酸的抑制作用研究

研究了ATP刺激的大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞[Ca2 ]i升高与氧自由基(ROS)产生的关系和大黄酸抑制作用特征.提取大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,利用Ca2 探针Fura-2检测单细胞胞内自由Ca2 浓度([Ca2 ]i)变化,同时利用NBT还原反应强度检测同一细胞ROS产生能力.结果发现无ATP刺激的巨噬细胞的ROS产生量较低;1mmol/L ATP刺激巨噬细胞单细胞后诱发[Ca2 ]i显著升高由胞内Ca2 释放和胞外Ca2 内流组成,同时ROS产生增强2倍;胞外无Ca2 条件下ROS产生随着[Ca2 ]i下降而减少.10-5和10-4mol/L浓度大黄酸对1mmol/L ATP刺激巨噬细胞单细胞的[Ca2 ]i升高和ROS产生有剂量依赖性的抑制作用;多细胞的统计分析表明10-5和10-4mol/L浓度大黄酸分别抑制了[Ca2 ]i峰值的49%和84%,同时抑制了ROS产生的59%和81%.因此认为ATP刺激大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞诱发的[Ca2 ]i升高介导了ROS的产生,大黄酸剂量依赖性的抑制ATP刺激的细胞[Ca2 ]i升高和ROS产生能力,并提示大黄酸抑制细胞[Ca2 ]i升高是其抑制ROS产生的重要机制.     

[Co(amp)2Cl2]2[ZnCl4]体系中一异构体的晶体结构

用单晶X-射线衍射分析方法解析了[Co(amp)2Cl2]2[ZnCl4](amp=2-胺甲基吡啶)体系中一异构体.该晶体属正交晶系,空间群Pccn,a=13.138(5)(A),b=13.410(6)(A),c=10.954(5)(A),α=90°,β=90°,γ=90°,V=1929.8(14)(A)3,Dc=1.647g/cm3,Z=4,F000=968,R=0.046,Rw=0.1194.     

Enatioselective[2 2 2] Cycloaddition as A Synthetic Tool

1 Results Transition metal-catalyzed [2 2 2] cycloaddition is one of the most efficient protocols for the construction of six-membered ring system.Our group has comprehensively studied various types of highly enantioselective [2 2 2] cycloaddition for the synthesis of chiral cycloadducts; we already reported an iridium-catalyzed intermolecular [2 2 2] cycloaddition between α,ω-diynes,having various tethers and substituents on the alkyne termini,and monoalkynes,possessing oxygen or/and nitrogen functiona...     

K_2[Ph_2SnCysF_2]的合成及其结构表征

新络合物K2[Ph2SnCysF2]是在适当混合溶剂中，经由Ph2SnCys与KF及Ph2SnF2与L－半胱氨酸两种途径合成。经元素分析、红外光谱分析和紫外薄层色谱分析，结果表明是两种新的络合物。L－半胱氨酸通过O，N或S的孤对电子与Sn（N）的d轴道双齿配位络合。     

微波辐射条件下合成2-芳基-5-[5＇-（4＇＇-氯代苯基）-2’-呋喃基]-1，3，4-噁二唑

在微波辐射条件下，5-(4’-氯苯基)-2-呋喃甲酸与取代的芳甲酰肼通过环合剂POCl3作用可一步得到2-芳基-5-[5’-(4k氯代苯基)-2’-呋喃基]-1，3，4-噁二唑．该法与传统方法相比较具有反应速度快、产率高和后处理简单等优点．     

[Co(amp)_2Cl_2]_2[ZnCl_4]体系中一异构体的晶体结构

用单晶X-射线衍射分析方法解析了[Co(amp)2Cl2 ]2 [ZnCl4 ] (amp=2-胺甲基吡啶)体系中一异构体。该晶体属正交晶系,空间群Pccn,a=13 138(5) ,b=13 410(6) ,c=10 954(5) ,α=90°,β=90°,γ=90°,V=1929 8(14) 3,Dc=1 647g/cm3,Z=4,F000 =968,R=0 046,Rw=0 1194。     

簇合物[Et4 N]8[Mo2 S4(SCH2 CH2 S)2]4的合成及其结构

在室温无水无氧充氮条件下,以(NH4)2MoS4,Et4NBr和HSCH2CH2SH为原料,合成[Et4N]8[Mo2S(SCH2CH2S)2]4簇合物,用X射线衍射法测得其晶胞参数为:a=2.604 4 nm,b=1.986 6 nm,c=2.630 2 nm,V=13.585 81 nm3,Z=4,晶体属单斜晶系.晶体结构经块状矩阵最小二乘法修正后,最终偏离因子R=0.088 7.研究结果表明,[Mo2S4(SCH2CH2S)2]2-为含Mo-Mo金属健的双核阴离子;每个Mo原子被5个硫原子配位,构成近四棱锥配位的几何构型,2个四棱锥共1条底边,每个四棱锥的1个顶点被1个端基硫原子占有,形成环笼状结构.[Et4N]8[Mo2S4(SCH2CH2S)2]4簇合物红外光谱的主要特征波出现在渡数为510,460,430和340 cm-1处;紫外可见光谱在波长为305,380和435 nm处有吸收峰出现.