茶薪菇液体发酵条件的研究

采用液体摇瓶培养法,对茶薪菇液体发酵的培养基pH、最适温度、摇瓶装量、摇瓶转速及不同液体培养基配方进行了探讨,结果表明,茶薪菇液体发酵的培养基初始pH为6.0-6.5,最适温度为25℃,摇瓶装量为50-70ml/250ml三角瓶,摇瓶转速为120-150rpm,最适培养基配方为以麸皮为主要成分的培养基。     

利用补料分批培养技术生产红曲色素的研究

对摇瓶发酵生产红曲色素的补料分批培养技术进行了研究,结果表明：培养基中萄萄糖浓度大于４％时,红曲色素的形成受到明显的抑制,采用补料分批培养技术可以明显地提高发酵液的红曲色素总色价。当初始葡萄糖浓度为４％时,在接种３６ｈ到１３２ｈ之间,分８次补加葡萄糖,使总糖浓度达到１０％,发酵液的总色价可达到４４２．５ｕ／ｍｌ     

香菇菌摇瓶发酵工艺研究

报道了香菇菌摇瓶发酵试验结果,发酵工艺程序与抗生素发酵基本相似。以香菇菌Cr-021为材料,研究了8种营养物质对香菇菌丝生长的影响。应用L_9(3~4)正交试验得出了匀浆化培养基和摇瓶发酵培养基。通过试验,确定了摇瓶发酵的最佳温度为25℃,振荡频率220r/min,装量50ml等。用匀浆化菌种代替传统工艺中直接用斜面母种作为一级摇瓶种源,使发酵周期缩短了2—3d。在正交试验的基础上,设计了CDG等三种摇瓶培养基并进行摇瓶发酵分析,其中CDG产干菌丝重6.8g/100ml,氨基氮含量为0.24mg/ml。     

选育具有青霉素抗性的青霉素高产菌种

以青霉素产生菌87-55-21为出发菌株,筛选具有青霉素抗性的高产菌株,使用紫外线对孢子悬浮液照射110秒后,然后涂布在含有20000u/ml浓度青霉素的固体培养基上,分生孢子的死亡率为98.1%,处理后从176个菌落中筛选出87-58-6菌株,摇瓶发酵单位提高16.7%,87-58-5菌株投入生产后,平均发酵单位提高3.5%.     

2-酮基-D-葡萄糖酸产生菌Ac9抗噬菌体菌株的选育

以2-酮基-D-葡萄糖酸产生菌Ac9为出发菌株,采用紫外线诱变与添加噬菌体进行筛选相结合的方法,获得了两株抗性菌株Au4-2和Af3.在种子培养基中含有噬菌体的条件下,31℃,摇瓶培养24 h,抗性菌株Au4-2与Af3的菌体生长光密度值OD650×20分别为0.74,0.55.镜检显示菌体量多,呈短杆状;而对照菌株Ac9的菌体光密度值则为0.14,镜检显示菌体量少,呈球状.在发酵培养基中添加噬菌体的条件下,31℃,摇瓶培养72 h,抗性菌株Au4-2与Af3 产酸分别可达15.45 g/100 mL,14.55 g/100 mL;而对照菌株则几乎没有产酸.     

红曲霉产生的生理活性物质的研究──Ⅱ．红曲霉菌株产生麦角固醇的研究

红曲霉Ｍｏｎａｓｃｕｓｐｕｒｐｕｒｅｕｓ７２１菌株不仅能产生红曲色素，而且还能产生麦角固醇。在１００ｇ干菌体中可获１ｇ以上麦角固醇。该菌株以大米粉培养基培养最适宜，发酵周期为９６ｈ，产生的麦角固醇最高吸收值为２８１ｎｍ，产生的红曲色素平均色价约为８０。     

红曲霉产生的生理活性物质的研究：II.红曲霉菌株产生麦角固醇的…

红曲霉Ｍｏｎａｓｃｕｓ Ｐｕｒｐｕｒｅｕｓ７２１菌株不仅能产生红曲色素，而且还能产生麦角固醇，在１００ｇ干菌体中可获１ｇ以上麦角固醇，该菌株以大米粉培养基培养最适宜，发酵周期为９６ｈ，产生的麦角固醇最高吸收值为２８１ｎｍ，产生的红曲色素平均脂价约为８０。     

紫色红曲霉的微波诱变及其产红曲色素发酵条件的优化

以紫色红曲霉S1为出发菌株进行微波诱变,筛选出产红曲色素能力最高的突变株紫色红曲霉S1-29,其红曲色素值达3 240 U/g,比出发菌株提高了57%.针对菌株S1-29固态发酵培养产红曲色素的条件进行优化,添加不同的碳源、氮源以及无机盐,研究添加物对产红曲色素能力的影响,并进行正交实验,得到最佳发酵条件:在大米基质中添加葡萄糖、蛋白胨、硫酸镁和磷酸氢二钾,使其质量分数分别为4%,6%,0.4%和0.3%,32 ℃培养11 d,菌株S1-29红曲色素值达到4 003 U/g,比优化前提高23.55%.     

摇瓶中重组大肠杆菌生产人γ-干扰素工艺优化

目的优化大肠杆菌生产重组人γ-干扰素摇瓶发酵工艺条件,分析摇瓶发酵过程中的制约因素。方法在摇瓶中研究了种子菌龄、接种量和诱导时机等因素对工程菌生产rhIFN-γ和质粒稳定性的影响,及优化条件下工程菌发酵参数。结果最佳条件:种子液为OD6000.5~1.5,接种量为6%,培养至OD600为1.5时42℃诱导表达4 h。在此条件下,在摇瓶中使用M9II培养基时,质粒无丢失,摇瓶中rhIFN-γ的表达量占菌体总蛋白的43.2%,光密度为3.3。对发酵过程中总糖、还原糖、总氮和pH的分析表明,发酵过程中培养基中碳源、氮源丰富,而溶解氧的不足和pH值偏酸性可能是整个培养过程的限制性因素。结论构建的工程菌发酵的稳定性和重复性良好,为rhIFN-γ的大规模生产提供可靠的放大依据。     

固定化细胞粉丝废水发酵天然红色素的研究

以粉丝生产废水为主要培养基,对聚乙烯醇海藻酸钠双载体固定红曲发酵生产红曲色素进行了研究、结果表明。最佳发酵条件为：发酵培养基pH值5～6;培养温度30℃;固定化细胞粒子接入量20％。通气量1：0.5。培养80h左右可获得较高的生物量和色价浓度。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with